Lazar Naumovich Velikovich ( March 23, 1911 , Gomel , Mogilev province , Russian Empire - February 22, 1989 , Moscow , USSR ) - Soviet religious scholar , Catholic specialist. Candidate of Historical Sciences, Doctor of Philosophy, Professor. He is the author of works on the ideology and politics of religious organizations (especially the Catholic Church) in Western countries, one of the authors of the Atheistic Dictionary , and the author and editor of Catholicism: Atheist Dictionary. Veteran of World War II , lieutenant colonel of the reserve.
| Lazar Naumovich the Great | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date of Birth | March 23, 1911 |
| Place of Birth | Gomel , Mogilev province , Russia |
| Date of death | February 22, 1989 (77 years old) |
| Place of death | Moscow , USSR |
| A country |  |
| Scientific field | religious studies |
| Place of work | Kiev Higher Naval Political School Institute of Philosophy, USSR Academy of Sciences Institute of Scientific Atheism of the Academy of Social Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU |
| Alma mater | Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History |
| Academic degree | Candidate of Historical Sciences doctor of philosophical science |
| Academic title | Professor |
| Famous students | B. G. Yakovlev |
| Known as | religious scholar , Catholic specialist |
| Awards and prizes |    |
Content
Biography
Born March 23, 1911 in Gomel in a Jewish family of employees [1] [2] .
In 1938 he graduated from the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History [3] . In 1941, he defended his dissertation for the degree of candidate of historical sciences on the topic "Revolution in Turkey."
In April 1939 he joined the CPSU (b) [4] .
During the Great Patriotic War, from July 1941, he served in the Northern Fleet : from October 19, 1941 to August 1, 1942, he was a senior instructor in the propaganda of the Political Department of the 82 brigade of the Marine Corps, from August 1942 to July 11, 1944 he was also the head of the department for work among enemy troops, and from July 11, 1944 - the same deputy head of the department for work among the enemy troops [1] [2] [4] . He ended the war with the rank of major [1] . One of his commanders was N.A. Torik . After the war, until 1956 he continued to serve in the Armed Forces of the USSR, having been demobilized with the rank of lieutenant colonel.
In 1949 - 1956 he taught at the Kiev Higher Naval Political School [3] .
In 1957 - 1964 he worked at the Institute of Philosophy of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR .
In 1967, at the Institute of Scientific Atheism of the Academy of Social Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU, he defended his thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy on the topic “Catholicism and the socio-political problems of the present” [5] [6] .
Professor of the Institute of Scientific Atheism of the Academy of Social Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU .
He was fluent in English , Italian , Spanish , German , Polish and French .
Scientific Works
Monographs
- Velikovich L. N. With a cross and an atomic bomb: (Church and war) / Cand. East. Sciences L.N. Velikovich. - M .: Military Publishing House, 1960 .-- 99 p. (Popular Science Library).
- Velikovich L. N. Religion - the ideological weapon of the imperialists / Kand. East. Sciences L.N. Velikovich. - M .: Military Publishing House, 1961 .-- 106 p. (Popular Science Library).
- Velikovich L.N. Helmets and cassocks: (Religion in the service of the West German imperialists). - M .: Military Publishing House, 1962 .-- 120 p. (Popular Science Library).
- Velikovich L.N. Church and "people's capitalism". - M.: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR , 1962. - 120 p. (Popular Science Series / USSR Academy of Sciences).
- Velikovich L. N. The Church and the Social Problems of Modernity / Acad. sciences of the USSR. Institute of Philosophy. - M .: Nauka , 1964 .-- 219 p.
- Velikovich L.N. The crisis of modern Catholicism. - M .: Nauka , 1967 .-- 160 p. (Popular Science Series / USSR Academy of Sciences).
- Velikovich L. N. Religion and Politics in a Modern Capitalist Society / Acad. societies. Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Science atheism. - M.: Thought , 1970 .-- 287 p.
- Velikovich L.N. Religion and Church in the USA. - M .: Nauka , 1978.- 143 p. (Scientific atheistic series).
- Velikovich L.N. The Black Guard of the Vatican. - M.: Thought , 1980 .-- 231 p.
- Velikovich L.N. Modern capitalism and religion. - M .: Politizdat , 1984. - 238 p.
- Velikovich L.N. The Black Guard of the Vatican. - 2nd ed., Ext. - M.: Thought , 1985 .-- 271 p.
Brochures
- Velikovich L. N. The Church of the capitalist countries in the service of imperialism / All-Union. polit. and scientific. knowledge. - M.: Knowledge , 1958. - 30 p.
- Velikovich L.N. Religion and the church in the service of imperialist aggressors: (Material for a lecture). - M.: Knowledge , 1961 .-- 32 p. (To help the lecturer / All-Union Society for the dissemination of political and scientific knowledge. Scientific method. Council for the promotion of scientific atheism).
- Velikovich L. N. Church - the ideological and moral support of capitalism / L. N. Velikovich, Dr. Philosopher. sciences. - M.: Knowledge , 1970 .-- 60 p.
- Velikovich L.N. Jesuits yesterday and today / L.N. Velikovich, Dr. Philos. sciences. - M.: Knowledge , 1972. - 64 p.
- Velikovich L.N. Left movements in religious organizations of capitalist countries / L.N. Velikovich, Dr. Philos. sciences. - M .: Knowledge , 1974.- 62 p.
- Velikovich L.N. Post-Cathedral Vatican / L.N. Velikovich, Dr. Philos. sciences. - M.: Knowledge , 1976 .-- 64 p. ( New in life, science, technology . Series "Scientific atheism". No. 9).
- Velikovich L. N. The problem of freedom of conscience and modern ideological struggle. - M.: Knowledge , 1979. - 64 p. ( New in life, science, technology . Series "Scientific atheism". No. 3).
- Velikovich L.N. Vatican of the 70s: Scientific and analytical review / D. Philos. n L.N. Velikovich. - M.: INION , 1980 .-- 55 p.
- Velikovich L.N. Catholicism in the modern world. - M .: Knowledge , 1981. - 64 p.
- Velikovich L. N. Vatican and the problems of war and peace: Development for use by Soviet public organizations / L. N. Velikovich, d. n., prof .; Scientific research advice prob. Peace and Disarmament, Sov. Peace Fund - M .: Soviet Peace Fund , 1981. - 31 p.
- Velikovich L.N. Criticism of the clerical concepts of war and peace. - M .: Knowledge , 1986 .-- 63 p. ( New in life, science, technology . Scientific atheism; 2).
Articles
- Velikovich L.N. Defenders of Colonialism. // Science and life . 1960. No. 5. P. 59-62.
- Velikovich L.N. New Vatican Social Program // Questions of Philosophy . 1962. No. 4.
- Velikovich L.N. New trends in modern Catholicism // Questions of scientific atheism . Issue 2. Modernization of religion in modern conditions / Acad. societies. Sciences of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Scientific Atheism. - M .: Thought , 1966. - S. 337-363. - 439 p. - 23,000 copies.
- Velikovich L.N. Studying the history and current state of Catholicism // Questions of Scientific Atheism . Issue 4. Victories of the scientific and atheistic worldview in the USSR for 50 years / Acad. societies. Sciences of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Scientific Atheism. - M .: Thought , 1967. - S. 326—348. - 463 p. - 22,000 copies.
- Velikovich L.N. War and peace in the evaluation of the cathedral // Questions of scientific atheism . Issue 6. II Vatican Council (plans and results) / Otv. ed. A. F. Okulov ; Acad. societies. Sciences of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Scientific Atheism. - M .: Thought , 1968 .-- S. 307—325. - 436 p. - 20 000 copies
- Velikovich L.N. Religion and modern ideological struggle // Questions of scientific atheism . Issue 12 / Redkol. A.F. Okulov (ed.) And others; Acad. societies. Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Scientific Atheism. - M .: Thought , 1971. - S. 21–42. - 415 p. - 16,700 copies.
- Velikovich L.N. On the so-called encyclopedia of modern atheism // Questions of scientific atheism . Issue 13 / Redkol. A.F. Okulov (ed.) And others; Acad. societies. Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Scientific Atheism. - M .: Thought , 1972. - S. 302-317. - 455 s. - 16,000 copies.
- Velikovich L.N. Relations of Washington with the Vatican. // USA - economics, politics, ideology . 1972. No. 8. P. 43-52
- Velikovich L.N. Marxist study of the Second Vatican Council // Questions of scientific atheism . Issue 16 / Redkol. A.F. Okulov (ed.); Acad. societies. Sciences of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Scientific Atheism. - M .: Thought , 1974. - S. 309-312. - 358 p. - 18,300 copies.
- Velikovich L.N., Keyserov N.M. Peaceful offensive of socialism and the crisis of clerical anti-communism // Questions of scientific atheism . Issue 18 / Redkol. A.F. Okulov (ed.); Acad. societies. Sciences of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Scientific Atheism. - M .: Thought , 1975 .-- S. 7-23. - 389 p. - 17,000 copies.
- Velikovich L. N. The problem of evangelism in modern Catholicism // Questions of scientific atheism . Issue 18 / Redkol. A.F. Okulov (ed.); Acad. societies. Sciences of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Scientific Atheism. - M .: Thought , 1975 .-- S. 239-250. - 389 p. - 17,000 copies.
- Velikovich L. N. The Movement “Christians for Socialism” and the Vatican Socio-Political Doctrine // Questions of Scientific Atheism . Issue 20. Actual problems of the history of atheism and religion / Redkol. A.F. Okulov (ed.); Acad. societies. Sciences of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Scientific Atheism. - M .: Thought , 1976 .-- S. 267-277. - 327 s. - 19,200 copies.
- Velikovich L.N. Church and problems of war and peace // Questions of scientific atheism . Issue 33. Religion and politics / Editorial. V.I. Garaja (ed.) And others; Acad. societies. Sciences of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Scientific Atheism. - M .: Thought , 1985. - S. 29-49. - 303 s. - 22,700 copies.
Scientific Editors
- Foreign Marxists on religion and the church: Collection of articles / Comp. Dr. Philos. Sciences L.N. Velikovich and Ph.D. Philos. Sciences L.P. Kurpakova. - M.: Politizdat , 1975 .-- 246 p.
- Religion and the church in the modern era / Kand. Philos. Sciences M.V. Andreev, Dr. Philos. Sciences E. M. Babosov , L. N. Velikovich and others]; [Editorial board: L. N. Velikovich and others; Acad. societies. Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU, Institute of Scientific. atheism. - M.: Thought , 1976. - 328 p.
- The Catholic Church in Poland in the 80s: Collection of articles / Acad. societies. Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU; Editorial: L.N. Velikovich (ed.) And others. - M .: AON at the Central Committee of the CPSU , 1988. - 225 p.
- Catholicism: Dictionary of the atheist / Under the total. ed. L. N. Velikovich. - M .: Politizdat , 1991 .-- 320 p. - 100 000 copies - ISBN 5-250-00779-1 .
Journalism
- Velikovich L.N. Concerns of the heirs of Loyola. // Science and religion . 1973. No. 9. P. 90-93.
- Velikovich L.N. Old dogmas and new trends of Catholicism. // New time . 1973. No 21
Awards
- Order of the Red Star (1944) [7]
- Order of the Patriotic War I degree (1944) [1] [8]
- Medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" [4]
Reviews
In 1976, historian B. I. Rasputnis noted that “the most fruitfully worked and are working on the issue of political clericalism M. Andreev, L. Velikovich, I. Grigulevich , I. Domnich, N. Kovalsky , M. Mchedlov , N. Potashinskaya , M. Sharonov, M. Sheinman . " [9]
In 2010, a literary critic, literary critic, journalist, writer and publicist B. G. Yakovlev, in his memoirs “Notes of a Happy Loser,” recalled: [3]
The teaching staff of the school, especially in naval navigation, tactics of the Navy, artillery and mine-torpedo business, and other naval disciplines, was impeccable. Teachers of social sciences are almost another matter, almost all, as to selection, are Talmudists who did not take their eyes off abstracts written in Marxist-Leninist patterns.
The only exception was L. Velikovich, who taught general history . We were all subdued by his erudition and did not even notice that he, for example, was not a speaker at all. But this lieutenant colonel knew history not by patterns, but by real facts, thereby showing that historical activity is not amenable to a one-dimensional interpretation, it is rich because it incorporates all the wealth of the material, social and cultural development of mankind. Intuitively, according to some historical excursions by Velikovich, I felt that he knew especially well the history of religion , in particular Catholicism.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Award sheet for the deputy head of the department for work with the enemy’s forces of the Political Administration of the SF Major Velikovich Lazar Naumovich Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree // TsVMA . F. 3. Op. 1. Unit hr 1021
- ↑ 1 2 Award sheet to the head of the Division for work among the enemy troops of the Special Forces of the Northern Fleet Captain Velikovich Lazar Naumovich Order of the Red Star // TsVMA . F. 3. Op. 1. Unit hr 1014
- ↑ 1 2 3 Yakovlev, 2011 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 Presentation for awarding // TsAMO . F. 441. Op. 2. Unit hr 54
- ↑ Konovalov, 1971 , p. 369.
- ↑ Velikovich, Lazar Naumovich. Catholicism and the socio-political problems of our time: Abstract dis. for the study of scholars. Ph.D. philosopher. Sciences / Acad. societies. Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Science atheism. - M.: Thought , 1967. - 31 p.
- ↑ Order of the Commander of the Northern Fleet No. 84 dated 10.24.1944 "On the Awarding of Personnel of the Northern Fleet with Orders and Medals of the USSR Union" No. 9 dated 02.20.1944. S. 4. // TsVMA . F. 3. Op. 1. Unit hr 786
- ↑ Order of the Commander of the Northern Fleet No. 84 dated 10.24.1944 “On the Awarding of Personnel of the Northern Fleet with Orders and Medals of the USSR Union” - P. 6 // TsVMA . F. 3. Op .: 1 Unit. hr .: 786
- ↑ Rasputnis, 1976 , p. 165.
Literature
- Konovalov B.N. On dissertation on scientific atheism // Questions of scientific atheism . Issue 12 / Redkol. A.F. Okulov (ed.) And others; Acad. societies. Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU. Institute of Scientific Atheism. - M .: Thought , 1971. - S. 364-370. - 415 p. - 16,700 copies.
- Rasputnis B. I. Soviet historiography of the modern labor movement. Part 1: Questions of theory and methodology . - Lviv: Publishing House at Lviv. state un-te , 1976.- 223 p.
- Yakovlev B. G. Notes of a happy loser . - M .: New Key, 2011 .-- 256 p. - ISBN 978-5-7082-0337-3 .