Azibaal I (" Baal is strong" [1] ; date. Azi-ba'al ) - king of Arvad in the middle of the VII century BC. e.
| Azibaal I | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| date fruit. Azi-ba'al | |||||||
| |||||||
| Predecessor | Yakinlu | ||||||
| Successor | Abimilki | ||||||
| Birth | VII century BC e. | ||||||
| Death | VII century BC e. | ||||||
| Father | Yakinlu | ||||||
Content
Biography
Azibaal I is known only from cuneiform inscriptions of Assyrian origin. In the Annals of Ashurbanipal , he is named the eldest of ten sons of the ruler Arvad Yakinlu [K 1] , who plotted against his father. Assyrian sources do not report the reasons for such discontent with the king, which led to patricide. Modern historians suggest that the elimination of Yakinlu was the initiative of Ashurbanipal , who wanted to get rid of the Arvad king, who recently participated in the anti-Assyrian rebellion. After the father was killed, his sons turned to Ashurbanipal to appoint one of them as the ruler of Arvad, and the Assyrian monarch ordered the eldest of them, Azibaal I, to be enthroned. The remaining sons of Yakinlu were sent as honorary hostages to Nineveh , where they were “given precious clothes and rings ”and various palace posts were provided [1] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] .
The date of the ascension of Azibaal I to the throne is not known. It is believed that this could happen around 660 BC. e. It is also not established how long Azibaal I ruled over Arvad. In ancient sources, references to the Arvad rulers of the 7th-6th centuries BC e. very rare. It is possible that the next king was Abimilki , another son of Yakinlu, whose activity dates back to about 640 years BC. e. It is assumed that he ruled together with his brother Achimilka. Later Arvad could be owned by Azibaal II [8] , and then the king was an unknown ruler by name, about 570 BC. e. who was like a tributary at the court of the ruler of the New Babylonian kingdom, Nebuchadnezzar II [9] . The next, after Azibaal I, the reliably known Arvad ruler was Merbaal , a participant in the battle of Salamis 480 BC. e. [ten]
Comments
- ↑ In the Annals of Ashurbanipal the names of the ten sons of King Yakinlu are mentioned: Azibaal, Abibaal, Adunibaal, Sapatibaal, Budibaal, Baaliashupu, Baalhanun, Baalmaluku, Abimilki and Akhimilka [2] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Prosopography of the Neo-Assyrian Empire / Radner K. - Helsinki: The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Projects, 1998. - Vol. I, part I. - P. 239. - ISBN 978-9-5145-8162-5 .
- ↑ Reallexikon der Assyriologie, 1928 , p. 161.
- ↑ Tsirkin, 2001 , p. 397.
- ↑ Reallexikon der Assyriologie, 1928 , p. 325.
- ↑ Bunnens G. L'histoire événementielle Partim Orient // Handbuch der Orientalistik: Der Nahe und Mittlere Osten / Krings V. - BRILL, 1995 .-- P. 232. - ISBN 978-9-0041-0068-8 .
- ↑ Lipiński E. Itineraria Phoenicia . - Leuven / Louvain: Peeters Publishers, 2004 .-- P. 282. - ISBN 978-9-0429-1344-8 .
- ↑ Lipiński E. On the Skirts of Canaan in the Iron Age: Historical and Topographical Researches . - Leuven / Louvain: Peeters Publishers, 2006 .-- P. 197. - ISBN 978-9-0429-1798-9 .
- ↑ Syria . Regnal Chronologies. Date of treatment January 8, 2018.
- ↑ Tsirkin, 2001 , p. 264.
- ↑ Elayi J. An Updated Chronology of the Reigns of Phoenician Kings during the Persian Period (539–333 BCE) // Transeuphratène. - P. , 2006. - No. 32 . - P. 11-43.
Literature
- Tsirkin Yu. B. From Canaan to Carthage. - M .: LLC Astrel Publishing House; LLC "Publishing house AST", 2001. - 528 p. - ISBN 5-17-005552-8 .
- Reallexikon der Assyriologie / Ebeling E. , Meissner B. - Berlin, Leipzig: Walter de Gruyter & Co., 1928. - Bd. 1 .-- 496 S.