Goncharnaya Street (Moscow)

From the Pottery settlement of the XVI-XVIII centuries.

Pottery settlement is one of the oldest in the Earth city . From the annals of sources it follows that initially the city was located in the area of ​​modern Goncharnaya Street, and closer to the end of the XII century it moved to the territory of the Kremlin. In the sixteenth century, flammable pottery was expelled beyond Yauza , to the Shvivaya (then Lousy) hill. Pottery workshops were opened and studied in 1947 - 1948 , when digging the foundation pit of a high-rise building on Kotelnicheskaya Naberezhnaya , masking a steep climb to Svivaya Gorka. There were also settlements of blacksmiths-gunsmiths - their graves were found during the restoration of the temple of Nikita Martyr . The existing church was built under Fedor Ioannovich on the site of a wooden church, founded even by Ivan III

The fire of 1812 destroyed the Potter Street, which turned out to be almost in the center of the fire, but the ancient chambers of the 17th century remain at the heart of the houses restored in the 1st half of the 19th century. Until 1917, not a single apartment building appeared in Goncharnaya Street - it remained one or two-story. In 1918 it was renamed Volodarsky Street and the memory of the revolutionary V. Volodarsky .

The master plan for the reconstruction of Moscow ( 1935 ) provided for the complete demolition of the existing Taganka buildings. Goncharnaya Street was to become the primary radial street, and to the north it was supposed to adjoin a vast triangular area inside the Garden Ring, an exciting part of the present Radishchevsky streets. This plan, with the exception of Stalin's apartment buildings No. 26-32, 36-38, was not implemented. During the construction of the Big Krasnokholmsky bridge , the extreme south-eastern quarter along Goncharnaya Street was demolished, including the Resurrection Church in Goncharny passage 1649 , a unique three-hipped composition. The temple of Nikita the Martyr was looted (restored after the war by L. A. David , nowadays it is part of the Athos Compound ).

Odd side

• No. 1 - residential building RZHSKT "Woolen worker" (1929-1930, architect I. O. Gohblit) ^{[1] [2]} .
• Number 3,   CGFO - apartment building - the administrative building of Gracheva (1883, architect Medkov; 1913, architect ND Polikarpov ) ^{[2] [3]} .
• No. 5 - the house of D. E. Grachev (1913, built on by architect N. D. Polikarpov ). It was destroyed in the late 1990s under new construction, the current building was built in 1999.
• No. 7/4 - the mansion of Y. S. Filevsky (1872; 1880s; 1899, architect V. G. Sretensky ) ^[4] .
• No. 9/3 - the estate of the XIX century ^[2] .
• No. 11 is a one-story house of the 19th century.
• No. 17 - a 19th century residential building.
• No. 19 - a 19th century residential building.
• No. 23 - the mansion of N. A. and S. N. Andre (1912, architect S. F. Voskresensky ) ^[5] .
• No. 21 - mansion (1st third of the 19th century) ^[2]
• No. 25 - a residential building (1873; 1980s) ^[2] .
• No. 27/6 - the house of M. G. Levina (1838; second half of the XIX century) ^[5]
• No. 29/7 - Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Gonchary ( 1654 , chapel 1702, bell tower - 1790).
• No. 35/5,   architectural monument (federal) - Zelin-Bezsonova estate , (XIX century, architect V.D. Adamovich ). The empire fence of the estate, decorated with arkatura , partially collapsed, failing in the middle of April 2016 in a pit dug nearby.

On the even side

• No. 2 - the house of B.K. Milgauzen (late XVIII - early XIX centuries) ^[6] .
• No. 6 - Mount Athos , includes the Temple of Nikita the Martyr on Svivaya Gorka , XVI-XVII centuries.
• No. 12 - the estate of Surovshchikov (Tutolmin) ^[6] . First there were stone chambers of A. G. Stroganov , then passed to his daughter, Princess Varvara Alexandrovna Shakhovskaya. As a contemporary wrote: “His house is one of the best in Moscow, both in beauty and location. Two rivers flow before him, namely Moscow and Yauza. ” In the second half of the 18th century, they were dismantled, and, as historians suggest, in the early 1770s V.V.Surovshchikov erected a strict three-story building on this site with a semicircular courtyard bounded by wings of wings. A belvedere was set up from above , from where a view of Moscow opened. At the beginning of the XIX century, the house belonged to T.I. Tutolmin, in which the house was rebuilt. In a fire of 1812, the house burned down and stood uncovered for a long time, until Timofey Prokhorov , who opened a factory-school in it, became its owner. Factory production existed until 1850, after which the house became profitable . At the beginning of the 20th century, there was a private female gymnasium, E. E. Constant; by order of the owner of the building, architect V.V. Sherwood built the main house and rebuilt the wings ^[7] . In the 1930s, the house was rebuilt again ^[8] . On October 1, 2015, the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences was officially located in Building 1 ^[9] .
• No. 14-16 - the estate of I. S. Rakhmanov (Klapovskaya) (based on the chambers of the XVII century; XVIII; 1816-1823; fence - 1820) ^[6] . In the 1930s, I. E. Bondarenko lived in house No. 14. Currently, the estate is occupied by the Safinat company. Twice a year, on Museum Day (May 18) and Monument Protection Day (April 18), it opens to the public.

• No. 18 - the house of S. S. Solodovnikov (1st half of the 18th century; 2nd half of the 19th century) ^[6] .
• No. 22-24 - houses of the middle of the XIX century.
• No. 26 - a residential building (1950-1957, architects L. V. Rudnev , I. Z. Chernyavsky) ^[10] . Here lived the military leaders I. I. Fedyuninsky ^[11] , I. P. Sukhov ^[12] , A. I. Proshlyakov , actress Lilia Tolmacheva ^[13] , singer Yuri Gulyaev ^[14] , writer Vsevolod Kochetov ^[15] .
• No. 34/11 - the mansion of A. I. Zimin (1911-1912, architect V. D. Adamovich ) ^[5] .
• No. 38 - a residential building (1936-1946, architects N.F. Vishnevsky, G.P. Vorobyov) ^{[5] [16]} . Here lived the schedule of Guri Zakharov ^[17] . In the courtyard of this house on July 31, 1997, a shootout took place that claimed the lives of three policemen. Currently, there is a memorial plaque .

• Kolodny, L. Ye., “Taganka. Beyond Yauza ”, M., Voice-Press, 2007. ISBN 978-5-7117-0176-7
• Moscow: Architectural guide / I. L. Buseva-Davydova, M.V. Nashchokina , M.I. Astafyeva-Dlugach. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1997 .-- 512 p. - ISBN 5-274-01624-3 .