Abdastart II ( Straton II ; "slave of Astarte " [1] ; date. 'Abd-'ashtart or date. 
, Greek Στράτων ; died no earlier than 332 BC e. ) - King Sidon (342 BC. - 332 BC. E.).
| Abdastart II | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| date fruit. 'Abd-'ashtart | |||||||
| |||||||
| Predecessor | Evagor | ||||||
| Successor | Abdalonym | ||||||
| Birth | IV century BC e. | ||||||
| Death | not earlier than 332 BC e. | ||||||
| Father | Tabnit II | ||||||
Biography
Abdastart II is known from the works of ancient authors [2] [3] [4] .
According to these historical sources , Abdastart II is the son of King Tabnith II , who was executed in 347 or 345 BC. e. for the rebellion against the Achaemenids [5] [6] [7] . The successor of Tabnit II was not his son, but the former king of Salamis of Cyprus Evagor II , who received Sidon as satrap of the ruler of the Achaemenid state and held the city in power for four years [5] [6] .
Only with the permission of Artaxerxes III in 342 BC. e. Abdastart II received the right to succeed his father on the Sidon throne. The new king reigned under the supervision of the Persian satrap Mazei . Probably, it was the Persian satrap who owned real power over the city. A magnificent palace was erected for Mazei in the vicinity of Sidon. At his command, the same coins were made that were minted on behalf of the Sidon king, but on which a satrap monogram was engraved. Therefore, Abdastart II did not enjoy the respect of his subjects [5] [6] [7] [8] .
In 334 BC e. Abdastart II, by order of Tsar Darius III, took part in the war with Alexander the Great , leading the Sidon fleet that sailed to the Aegean . Other Phoenician rulers also participated in this campaign: Azimilk of Tire , Herostratus of Arvad, and Eniel Biblical . Despite the victory of the Macedonians over the Persian army in 333 BC. e. at the battle of Issus , Abdastart II remained faithful to the ruler of the Achaemenid state. This caused even greater discontent of the Sidonians with their king. Therefore, when in 332 BC. e. the Macedonian army approached Sidon, its inhabitants rebelled against Abdastart II. According to Quintius Curtius Rufus , the rebels forced the king to surrender his capital, and according to Arrian , they themselves opened the gates to the Macedonians, having already expelled their king from the city. Having gained power over Sidon, the king of Macedonia immediately stripped Abdastart II of the throne. In the writings of Quintus Curtius Rufus and Diodorus of Sicily, it is reported that Alexander the Great instructed Hephaestion to find Abdastart II's successor among the Sidon. However, all candidates rejected the proposal to take the throne on the pretext that only members of the royal dynasty could own it. As a result, Abdalonim became the new Sidon ruler, although of a royal kind, but a poor man who himself worked his garden [4] [5] [6] [7] [9] [10] .
About the fate of Abdastart II, information was not preserved in the sources [5] [7] .
Notes
- ↑ Menander of Ephesus . Fragments // Phoenician mythology / translation B. A. Turaev - St. Petersburg. : Summer Garden , Neva , 1999.
- ↑ Quintus Curtius Rufus . History of Alexander the Great of Macedon (Book IV, chapters 1.1–20); Diodorus of Sicily . Historical Library (Book XVII, Chapter 47); Arrian Anabasis Alexandra (Book II, chapters 15.6 and 20.1).
- ↑ Tsirkin, 2001 , p. 368-369.
- ↑ 1 2 Tsirkin Yu. B. Hellenization of the political structure of the cities of Phenicia // Mnemon. Studies and publications on the history of the ancient world / Frolov E. D. - St. Petersburg. , 2004 .-- T. 3 . - S. 185-202 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Lipiński E. Dieux et déesses de l'univers phénicien et punique . - Leuven / Louvain: Peeters Publishers, 1995 .-- P. 127-128. - ISBN 978-9-0683-1690-2 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Elayi J. An Updated Chronology of the Reigns of Phoenician Kings during the Persian Period (539-333 BCE) // Transeuphratène. - P. , 2006. - No. 32 . - P. 11-43.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Reallexikon der Assyriologie / Streck MP, Ecklin S. - Berlin: Walter de Gruyter & Co., 2009 .-- Bd. 12. - S. 455.
- ↑ Tsirkin, 2001 , p. 308-310.
- ↑ Tsirkin, 2001 , p. 308-310 and 368-369.
- ↑ Turaev B.A. History of the Ancient East . - L .: OGIZ , 1936. - T. 2. - S. 199.
Literature
- Tsirkin Yu. B. From Canaan to Carthage. - M .: LLC Astrel Publishing House; LLC "Publishing house AST", 2001. - 528 p. - ISBN 5-17-005552-8 .