Jonas Biliūnas ( lit. Jonas Biliūnas ; April 11, 1879 , the village of Nuronyai , Oniksti volosts (now Anyksciai district , Lithuania ) - December 8, 1907 , Zakopane , Poland ) - Lithuanian writer , critic, poet, publicist; the founder of Lithuanian lyrical prose.
| Jonas Bilyunas | |
|---|---|
| Jonas biliūnas | |
 | |
| Aliases | Jonas Anykštėnas , Jonas Barzdyla , J. Niuronis , Jonas B-nas , Jonas Bežemis , Jonas Gražys , Jonas Žaltys , Jonelis , Kazys Tauškutis |
| Date of Birth | April 11, 1879 |
| Place of Birth | village Nuronyai Coven Province (now in Anykščiai region , Lithuania ) |
| Date of death | December 8, 1907 (aged 28) |
| Place of death | Zakopane , Austria-Hungary (now in Lesser Poland Voivodeship , Poland ) |
| Citizenship |  Russian empire |
| Occupation | prose writer , publicist |
| Language of Works | |
Content
Biography
Born into a peasant family. In 1891 - 1899 he studied at the gymnasium in Libau (now Liepaja ). In 1893, parents died; earned a living in private lessons. In 1900 he entered the medical faculty of the University of Dorpat . The following year he was expelled for participating in a student demonstration. In 1901 - 1902 he lived in Libava , Shavlyakh and Ponevezha , earning lessons. He wrote for Lithuanian newspapers. He participated in the activities of the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania. In 1903 he studied at the Higher Commercial School in Leipzig . In 1904, he studied literature at the University of Zurich . In 1905 he returned to Lithuania. In the same year he left for treatment for tuberculosis in Zakopane. Spent summer time in Lithuania (Nuronis, Rosalimas , Kachergin).
Died in Zakopane; the ashes in 1953 were transported to Lithuania and buried in the mound of Lyodiškiai near Anyksciai. The author of the monument on the grave is the sculptor Bronius Vishnyauskas (architect Vytautas Gabryunas ).
Creativity
He made his debut in print in 1898 . The first book of prose, “Various Tales” ( Įvairūs apsakymėliai , 1906 ). He is the author of journalistic, literary-critical and historical-literary articles, pamphlets of popular science and political content. He collaborated in the newspapers Vilniaus žinios , Lietuvos ūkininkas , Varpas magazine and other Lithuanian periodicals.
He was the first in Lithuanian literature to portray workers, the growth of class consciousness (short stories “Without work”, 1903 , “First strike”, 1903 ). In the stories “The Light of Happiness” ( 1905 ), “According to the Neman” ( 1905 ), in the novel “The Sad Tale” ( 1907 ) he wrote about the hard life of the working people. Several stories became classics of Lithuanian children's literature.
Signed by the pseudonyms Jonas Anykštėnas , Jonas Barzdyla , J. Niuronis , Jonas B-nas , Jonas Bežemis , Jonas Gražys , Jonas Žaltys , Jonelis , Kazys Tauškutis .
The works were translated into Russian , as well as into Belarusian , Latvian , German , Polish , Tajik , Swedish , Esperanto , Estonian and other languages.
Editions
Collected Works
- Raštai. T. 1. - Kaunas: Spaudos fondas, 1937.
- Raštai. 2 t. - Vilnius: Valstybinė grožinės literatūros leidykla, 1954-1955.
- Rinktinė. - Kaunas, 1956 (reprints of 1957; 1958; 1959; 1960). - 88 p.
Collections
- Įvairūs apsakymėliai. - Tilžė: Aušra, 1906. - 64 p.
- Liūdna pasaka: kūrybos rinktinė. - Vilnius: J. Zavadskio spaustuvė, 1908. - 32 p.
- Žemės gyvenimo reiškiniai. - Berlin, 1923. - 72 p. (editions 1905; 1921)
- Liūdna pasaka: kūrybos rinktinė. - Kaunas, 1937. - 73 p.
- Kliudžiau. - Kaunas: Valstybinė grožinės literatūros leidykla, 1946.
- Raštai. - Kaunas: Valstybinė grožinės literatūros leidykla, 1947.
- Nemunu: apsakymėliai. - Kaunas: Valstybinė grožinės literatūros leidykla, 1947. - 98 p.
- Joniukas. - Vilnius: Valstybinė grožinės literatūros leidykla, 1948. - 24 p. (reprint. Vaga: 1974; 1979)
- Laimės žiburys. - Vilnius: Valstybinė grožinės literatūros leidykla, 1949. - 14 p.
- Lazda. - Vilnius: Valstybinė grožinės literatūros leidykla, 1959. - 329 p.
- Liūdna pasaka: kūrybos rinktinė. - Vilnius: Valstybinė grožinės literatūros leidykla, 1963. - 50 p.
- Žvaigždė: apsakymai. - Vilnius: Vaga, 1965 .-- 70 p.
- Laimės žiburys: apsakymai. - Vilnius: Vaga, 1965 (reprinted 1976). - 79 p.
- Apsakymai. - Vilnius: Vaga, 1967 .-- 77 p. (reprint. 1984)
- Liūdna pasaka: kūrybos rinktinė. - Vilnius: Baltos lankos, 1995 .-- 132 p. - ISBN 9986-403-67-7 .
- Kūdikystės sapnai: kūrybos rinktinė. - Anykščiai: A. Baranausko ir A. Vienuolio-Žukausko memor. muz., 2001. - 121 p.
- Apsakymai; Eilėraščiai. - Kaunas: SPAB Spindulys, 2001 .-- 79 p.
- Kliudžiau: apsakymas vaikams. - Panevėžys: E. Vaičekausko knygyno leidykla, 2003. - 15 p.
- Proza. - Vilnius: Žaltvykslė, 2004. - 63 p.
- Kūdikystės sapnai: kūrybos rinktinė / Sudarė, įžangą, tekstus ir paaiškinimus parengė Alma Ambraškaitė. - Utena: Utenos Indra, 2005 .-- 100 p. - ISBN 9986-711-94-0 .
In Russian
- The first strike. Stories. - Vilnius: Goslitizdat, 1952.
- A light of happiness. Tales and stories. - Vilnius: Vaga, 1964.
In Esperanto
- Mi trafis. Panevėžys: Revo, 1994.16 p.
Notes
- ↑ BNF ID : 2011 Open Data Platform .
Literature
- Lietuvių rašytojai. Bibliografinis žodynas: A — J. Vilnius: Vaga, 1979.P. 195-203.