Alexander Semenovich Bachelis ( June 23 ( July 6 ) 1903 , Kiev - April 28, 1968 , Moscow ) - Soviet engineer - bridge builder , inventor , author of about 100 projects of reinforced concrete structures implemented in the USSR, inventions in the field of structural elements of reinforced concrete. Cavalier of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (beyond the bridge through the gateway No. 8 of the Moscow-Volga Canal, 1937).
| Alexander Semenovich Bachelis | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 A. S. Bachelis - student of the Kiev Polytechnic Institute | |||
| Date of Birth | June 23 ( July 6 ) 1903 | ||
| Place of Birth | Kiev , Russian Empire | ||
| Date of death | April 28, 1968 (64 years) | ||
| Place of death | Moscow , USSR | ||
| Citizenship |  Russian empire  the USSR | ||
| Occupation | engineer , bridge builder , inventor | ||
| Awards and prizes |
| ||
Content
Biography and Activity
Alexander Bachelis was born in 1903. He studied at the Faculty of Communications Engineers of the Kiev Polytechnic Institute . In 1927 he defended his thesis with honors “The project of a highway bridge across the Terek near the city of Mozdok”, prepared under the direction of E. O. Paton , received the specialty of a bridge builder . From August 1 to December 3, 1927, he worked in a design bureau with the chief engineer for the construction of Grozneft , the work consisted in the independent design of a bridge across the r. Sunju [1] [2] [3] [4] .
In 1928 he participated in the construction of the railway from Vitebsk to Nevel . In 1929, he developed the first engineering project of reinforced concrete for Vysokovskaya manufactory in Tver and a series of six bridges and overpasses [2] .
In 1929–1935, he worked at the Transstroy trust in Moscow (as an engineer, then a senior engineer, and a head of a sector) [3] .
He completed a number of works on the design of large reinforced concrete structures built on the territory of the USSR: an arched bridge across the Lyubovka River for the Bobrikovsky Chemical Combine , bridges and overpasses for Magnitostroya, Tagilstroya, Kuznetskstroya , Uralvagonstroya, Tkvarchelstroya, Azovstal , city bridges across the river and the city in the drawing of the river and the city of the city in the drawing of the river. girder reinforced concrete two-step bridge under the railway in Tula , arched bridge for the channel Moscow-Volga . Often acted not only as the author of projects, but also as a participant in the construction of structures [3] [5] [6] .
In the mid-1930s, A. S. Bachelis also designed a number of bridges in Moscow for the Northern Canal and the Yauza River , in 1938 - a number of large reinforced concrete bridges for the Kuibyshev hydroelectric complex [6] . From January 19 to December 27, 1939, he worked in the Moscow project sector for the construction of the Kuibyshev hydroelectric complex as head of the department of roads and bridges [4] .
During the Great Patriotic War, he was liable for military service (with the right to wear a uniform) with the rank of a lieutenant colonel [7] , worked as chief engineer at the Main Construction Board of the People 's Commissariat for the Far East and Chelyabinsk , at the Danube Construction and Installation Trust of Glavmorstroy of the NKMF, etc. [4]
In 1946, A. S. Bachelis designed a collapsible type of reinforced concrete bridge across the Don river valley near Rostov. In the postwar years, he participated in the design of a single-span reinforced concrete bridge across the Old Dnieper ; he was the chief engineer of the construction of the bridge across the New Dnieper near Zaporizhia . On the construction of canals, the North Donets-Donbass and Dnepr-Krivoy Rog, as proposed by Bachelis, large-diameter pipes made of prestressed and precast reinforced concrete were widely used. He participated in the design and was the chief engineer for the construction of an overpass through Moskovsky Prospect in Leningrad [6] .
On April 2, 1960, he was awarded a small silver medal of the Exhibition of Economic Achievements - “for success in the national economy of the USSR” [4] .
In the 1960s he worked in the research sector of the All-Union Institute " Hydroproject " them. S. Ya. Zhuk [6] .
In the last years of his life he was engaged in scientific work and teaching activity - he made presentations at conferences and articles, read lectures at universities in Novosibirsk , Moscow and Leningrad [8] .
A number of developments of the scientist in the field of reinforced concrete structures received the status of inventions. According to the projects of A. S. Bachelis, about 100 reinforced concrete structures were built in Moscow , Vladivostok , Rostov-on-Don , Tbilisi , Zaporozhye , Leningrad , Estonia , the Urals , etc. [7]
Died in Moscow on April 28, 1968, buried at Vvedensky cemetery .
Major Works and Assessments
A remarkable construction, which remains unique to this day, was a single-arch reinforced concrete bridge of the Kalinin railway through gateway No. 8. <...> ... The overlap of a span of 120 m with one reinforced concrete arch was a bold technical news, and some people called this project “adventure” and "Record". In our country, this bridge was the largest in its span, and around the world - one of the largest reinforced concrete arched bridges.
The best-known engineering work of Bachelis is considered to be the single-arch bridge of the Kalininskaya railway through the gateway No. 8 of the Moscow-Volga Canal, built under his personal guidance in 1935-1936, and according to expert estimates, distinguished by its original design and high "courage ratio". The work received high marks from scientists, engineers, and other specialists, including G. P. Peredery , S. Ya. Zhuk ,P. V. Shchusev and others. The calculations and the description of the Bachelis bridge were included in the textbooks on bridge construction as “an example of a unique bridge”. For this work, Bachelis was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor [7] [3] [10] [6] .
Among the other important construction works of A. S. Bachelis, experts indicate a beam bridge with “record spans” of 40 m across the Unga River, a bridge of 90 spans on the Don River floodplain, bridges and racks on Magnitostroi, Kuznetskstroy , Tagilstroi, such hydrotechnical structures like the Kuibyshev hydroelectric complex , the Northern Donets-Donbass and Dnieper-Krivoy Rog canals, an overpass through Moskovsky Prospect [6] .
Noting that in many works, Bachelis acted "as the initiator and played a leading role in their execution" and the constructions created according to his ideas were "original in design and manufacture and completely original," Professor E. G. Kachugin singled out an overpass through Moskovsky Prospect [6] :
Especially original and original overpass through the avenue to them. t. Stalin . This is a reinforced reinforced concrete structure in the form of two consoles, embedded in the foundations and connected by a hinge [6] .
Pointing out that “such talented bridgeworkers as Comrade Bachelis, our country is not yet very rich”, academician G. P. Perederius noted:
He always and everywhere brought a fresh technical thought both to the projects of bridges and to the methods of their construction [6] .
Awards
- 1937 - Order of the Red Banner of Labor [8] [11]
- 1960 - small silver medal VDNH [4]
Notes
- ↑ Machulsky, Kuznetsov, Milogolova, 1997 , p. 297.
- ↑ 1 2 Maslov, 2012 , p. 172.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Construction of the Moscow Canal . ROC Moscow Diocese; Temple of the New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia Khimki. The appeal date is December 25, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Documents by A. S. Bachelis . - Archive of the NPC “Memorial”. The appeal date is February 1, 2018.
- ↑ Little-known pages of famous construction . Portal district Strogino. The appeal date is December 25, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Archive of A. S. Bachelis . - Archive of the NPC “Memorial”. The appeal date is February 2, 2018.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Maslov, 2012 , p. 172-173.
- ↑ 1 2 Maslov, 2012 , p. 173.
- ↑ Komarovsky, 1972 , p. 62-63.
- ↑ Resolution of the CEC ..., 1937 , p. 4-5.
- Resolution of the USSR Central Executive Committee “On awarding construction workers to the Moscow-Volga Canal and supplying plants”. July 14, 1937 // Moskvavolgostroy: technical and economic. journals construction of the channel Moscow - Volga NKVD USSR. - Dmitrov, 1937. - Vol. September - № 6 (31) . - p . 4-5 .
Bibliography
- Bachelis A.S. The first bridge in the world according to the originality of its construction // Moskvavolgostroy: technical and economical. journals construction of the channel Moscow - Volga NKVD USSR. - Dmitrov, 1936. - Vol. August 18th
- Bachelis A. S. The arched reinforced concrete bridge under the Kalininskaya railway. through the eighth gateway // Moskvavolgostroy: technical and economic. journals construction of the channel Moscow - Volga NKVD USSR. - Dmitrov, 1937. - Vol. September - № 6 (31) . - pp . 116-126 .
- A. Bachelis. Bridge Supports; Metal bridges // Technical Reference Railway Man. - M .: State. railway transport publishing house, 1954. - Vol. 4: Artificial structures. - pp. 26-59; 135-189.
Literature
- Machulsky E. N., Kuznetsov V. I., Milogolova I. N. The North-Western District of Moscow / Vseros. voluntarily. Nauch.-issled. and cult-lumen. "Encyclopedia of Russian Villages"; Agrarian Institute of RAAS. - M. , 1997. - 381 p. - (Encyclopedia of Russian villages).
- Maslov V.I. Moscow Canal. Construction of the century. The fate of people : the 75th anniversary of the opening of the Moscow-Volga Canal, 1937–2012. - M .: Type. “News”, 2012. - 288 p. - ISBN 978-5-88149-576-3 .
- Komarovsky A. N. Notes builder . - M .: Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense, 1972. - 50 000 copies.
Links
- The construction of the channel named after Moscow . ROC Moscow Diocese; Temple of the New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia Khimki. The appeal date is December 25, 2017.
- Little-known pages of famous construction . Portal district Strogino. The appeal date is December 25, 2017.