Oryol State Academic Theater named after I. S. Turgenev

Background

The history of the theater stage of the Eagle begins in 1815. General from infantry Count Sergei Mikhailovich Kamensky , leaving military service, moved to his Orel estate Saburovo . In 1814, a passionate amateur theatrical, he built a wooden two-story building in Orel on Cathedral Square for his serf theater for 500 seats. September 26, 1815 the opening of the first theatrical season. It was the first public theater accessible to all in Orel, called the Kamensky Fortress Theater , which lasted 20 years. The repertoire of the theater included dramas, tragedies, comedies of famous Russian and foreign classics, as well as ballets and operas . The overall level of play of actors and theatrical productions was low. But the theater shone and real talents. This is the actress Kuzmina, actors Barsov, Kozlov, the Kravchenko family - husband and wife and daughter , dancer Vasilyev. The fate of many talented actors is unknown; only the last names remained. At the invitation, the actor M.S. Shchepkin played on the stage of the theater. After the death of Kamensky, the actors received free and the history of his theater ended. But the theatrical life in the city continued. Some free actors remained and the theater continued to exist.

New theater buildings were built (at least two are known), which became unusable from time to time or from fires. The last wooden on Polesskaya Square was broken in 1850. And only in 1862 a new stone theater appeared at the entrance to the City Garden . But there was no permanent troupe . At the theater there was an enterprise . The most famous and talented entrepreneur in those years was Peter Mikhailovich Medvedev. The next new page in Oryol theater life was opened by Vasily Andreyevich Slovo (o) Khotsky-Kramolov. He held an enterprise since 1904 and himself acted as an artist and director ^{[1] [2] [3]} .

After the Revolution

On March 14, 1918, the Executive Committee decided to create the People’s Theater in Orel. In September, the theater was nationalized and made Urban. V. A. Slovohotsky-Kramolov, a former theater entrepreneur who directed the now Soviet theater until 1924, was appointed director. The main task was to create a revolutionary and creative new theater. New plays related to revolutionary events were added to the repertoire. October 6, 1927 the theater building burned down. The fire destroyed the scenery, costumes, library. The theater troupe was forced to perform in various work clubs. In 1929, the theater was given the building of the Ekran cinema on Lenin Street . During these years, the repertoire included works by Soviet authors on production topics devoted to collectivization and the Civil War . In the 1930s, a permanent professional troupe of the repertoire theater was formed ^{[1] [4] [3]} .

War period

In 1941, the theater was evacuated to the city of Zlatoust, Chelyabinsk Region . The theater was headed by Mikhail Mikhailovich Lyashenko. In Zlatoust, 558 performances were played, about 2,000 performances and concerts in military units and hospitals. For their work, the team was awarded the challenge Red Banner of the Chelyabinsk Oblast Executive Committee and the Regional Committee of the CPSU (B.). The theater returned to Orel in April 1944 and opened its first season at the Teacher’s House (a demolished architectural monument of the 19th century, now the Raspberry Water shopping center ) ^{[5] [6]} .

Peaceful Creative Years

The theater remained committed to the classical repertoire. A special place was occupied by the works of I. S. Turgenev. Naturally, military themes about the Great Patriotic War also appeared. April 26, 1949 the regional drama theater was named after I. S. Turgenev ^[7] . Soon he moved to the reconstructed building of the former City Council (now the Free Space Theater here). During the Great Patriotic War, this building burned out and was partially destroyed. The project of restoration and adaptation to the regional drama theater was developed in 1946 by architects B.V. Antipov, N. Ya. Tselkovikov, V.V. Ovchinnikov and engineer V.V. Petropavlovsky. The season in the new building, with a modernly equipped stage and a hall with good acoustics, opened on August 5 with a play based on Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons”. In 1965, the theater was awarded the Certificate of Merit of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR ^{[8] [9]} .

In 1975, there was a new relocation to the building specially built for the drama theater in the central square named after Lenin, where he is today (2017). The theater has four stages: large (main), small, museum and the stage in the lobby . In 1996, the theater “for great achievements in the development of theatrical art” was awarded the title “ academic ” ^[10] . In 1998, he won the “Window to Russia” competition among the provincial cultural institutions of the Russian Federation in the “Theater of the Year” nomination ^[11] .

In 2013, the reconstruction of the theater began, which was included in the plan of the main activities related to the preparation and conduct of the celebration of the 450th anniversary of the founding of the Eagle. During the reconstruction, the team continued to play at various venues in the city; mainly on the stage of the Oryol city center of culture (the former club of the Dormash plant). The reconstruction was planned to end in the anniversary year for the theater - 2015. But the curtain of the large hall opened only in February 2017, traditionally with a performance based on the work of Turgenev ^{[12] [13] [4] [3]} .

On November 9, 1993, the Museum of the History of the Oryol Stage was opened in the theater building. The exposition of the museum is represented by materials and documents about the history of creation and today's life of the Oryol theater. The museum was conceived and embodied as a stage museum with an acting stage - a miniature stage of the Kamensky Theater. This is the third scene in the theater; it is called "serfdom". The hall has 39 seats, the fortieth place is always occupied by the portrait of S. M. Kamensky, as if present at all the performances. In this hall, viewers are shown performances based on the works of Oryol writers. Meetings are held with the laureates of the Turgenev Prize, established in 1988 for theater artists, which is awarded for successes in popularizing Russian classics abroad and promoting Russian culture. Graduation performances were also shown here and young actors-students of the acting course of the St. Petersburg Academy of Theater Arts , opened on the basis of the Oryol Drama Theater in 1995, were released. On the occasion of the 180th anniversary of the theater in 1995, the museum opened a bust of Count S. M. Kamensky (sculptor V. P. Basarev) ^{[2] [3]} .

Theaters of the Eagle:

• Theater Russian style
• Oryol Puppet Theater
• TUZ

• Theater named after Turgenev (neopr.) . Directory of theaters in Russia . Date of treatment December 23, 2017.
• Oryol State Academic Theater. I.S. Turgenev (neopr.) . Project I. S. Turgenev . Date of treatment December 23, 2017.