Kochedyk (also pile [1] ) - a flat curved awl for weaving bast shoes .
There were both metal and bone worms, the latter were made of split animal bones and were observed, in particular, in Lithuanians of the Sventsian district of Vilna province . Kochedig was also used to make other items from bast , as well as to peel bark from trees. The steel kochedyks that were encountered by the Ukrainians were also used as a chair for carving fire [2] .
Kochedyk has an ancient history: Kochedyks of the Stone Age are known [3] . Historically, kochedyk was one of the most common tools [4] .
Etymology
The spelling of the word has many options (kochetok, kochetok, kotochig, kotochik), researchers find it difficult to determine the etymology of the word, but its Slavic origin is undeniable [5] . O. Yagintseva describes the positions of M. Fasmer , G. A. Ilyinsky , N. V. Goryaev , A. G. Preobrazhensky and offers two options for the conclusion, depending on the version of the word used:
- coqueta - from kochet (in one of the meanings - a hook);
- kotochiga - from cat (in the meaning of “weave”) and chiga (according to Yagintseva, the meaning of “chock, wooden handle” is possible).
Yagintseva considers the word “Russian innovation” [5] .
Notes
- ↑ Kochedyk // Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language : in 4 volumes / auth. V.I. Dahl . - 2nd ed. - SPb. : Printing house of M.O. Wolf , 1880-1882.
- ↑ Zelenin, 1991 , p. 205.
- ↑ [1] // Yearbook of the Institute for Cultural Relations between Finland and the USSR, 1959. P. 17.
- ↑ Andrei Mikhailovich Belavin. Kochedyk // Pages of the history of the land of Perm. - Book World, 1995 .-- S. 168. - 232 p.
- ↑ 1 2 Kochedyk // Olga Yagintseva. An etymological study of some dialect names for household items . Tartu, 2014.S. 86-90.
Literature
- Zelenin D.K. East Slavic Ethnography / Per. with him. - M .: Science . The main edition of oriental literature, 1991. - 512 p. - (Ethnographic library).