The Kamensky Fortress Theater is the first public serf theater of Count S.M. Kamensky in Orel .
History
In October 1812, Count S.M. Kamensky, general from infantry, received indefinite leave and, leaving military service, moved to the Oryol province in his estate - the village of Saburovo (Kamenskoye). Having bought a troupe of serf actors from the Kazan landowner Esipov, he was actively engaged in the construction of a theater school. In 1814, in Orel, he built a house and a wooden two-story building for his serf theater for 500 seats on Cathedral Square (now this is the area of Gurtiev Square - Kamenskaya Square), which lasted twenty years. In 1815, the first theater season was opened in Orel. The number of all actors and musicians was at least 150 people. The repertoire was distinguished by its diversity - these are performances , opera , ballet . Opera was recognized even better than the imperial. Sergei Mikhailovich was a stage fanatic . He taught the actors himself, he sold tickets at the box office, and he transported them as guests. The theater attracted amateur theater-goers from cities of other provinces. The Earl spared no money for his theater. Often the scenery, costumes changed, the troupe of serf actors replenished. Free to the public, the Earl Orchestra played in the city garden. In addition, Sergei Mikhailovich had a habit in his house to lay a table for 60 people. Often tickets were sent for nothing . But in the end, the theater "ruined" Kamensky - the owner of seven thousand serfs. Contemporaries called him a great theater-goer and tyrant. Kamensky was distinguished by moral barbarism in relation to his serf actors and musicians. He always had a lash with him and beat actors and actresses with it for the slightest “misses” on the stage. N. S. Leskov in the novel “The Dumb Artist” spoke of the Kamensky Theater in this way: “Many terrible legends circulated in Orel about this prison theater; how many wonderful talents perished within its walls! ” Before the death of the count, all the actors received free .
In the province at that time there were six "home" theaters. In addition to Kamensky, the Turgenev’s home theaters in Spassky-Lutovinovo , the landowners of the Yurasovsky in the village of Suryanino in the Bolkhovsky district are also known. But there was one publicly accessible to all. All these theaters are part of the history of the Oryol scene. In 1993, the Museum of the History of the Oryol Scene (located in the building of the Oryol Drama Theater ) opened an exposition dedicated to the serf theater. In the museum hall on the "museum" (or "serf") stage, performances are staged every week based on the works of Oryol writers [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] .
See also
- Agrafena Kravchenko
- Fortress Theater of Durasov
- Fortress Theater of the Sheremetevs
Notes
- ↑ Shavyrin V. The Beginning of Theater Chronicle // Ed. V. Tolstoy. Literary journalistic bulletin "World and Museum": magazine. - Tula: Yasnaya Polyana Publishing House, 2002. - Issue. 1-2 (winter - spring) . - S. 132-135 .
- ↑ Kamensky N.N. Captured Melpomene. Contribution to the theatrical activity of Russia // The Ninth Century in the Service of Russia: From the History of the Kamensky Counts. - M. - St. Petersburg. : Velinor, 2004 .-- pp. 101-109. - 272 p. - ISBN 5-89626-018-0 .
- ↑ Plakhova V. The oldest theater // Open spaces of Russia: newspaper. - 2011. - August 17 ( No. 33 ). - S. 19 .
- ↑ Grammatchikov K. B. The military dynasty of the Kamensky counts in the history of the city of Orel // Stories of the Russian province: historical and educational journal. - 2011-2012. - No. 57 . - S. 54–61 .
- ↑ Onoprienko Yu. Carcasses of a lamp // Orlovskaya Pravda: newspaper. - 2013. - July 3 ( No. 94 ). - S. 25 .
- ↑ Kamensky Theater . Encyclopedia Round the world . Date of treatment December 23, 2017.
- ↑ Count Kamensky Theater. "The mind and taste of the temple ..." . Date of treatment December 23, 2017.
Links
- Fortress Theater . Russian civilization in space, time and world context . Date of treatment December 23, 2017.