Green color

The color of green plants is for man a natural standard of greenery.

Green tree frog .

Widely distributed in wildlife. Most plants are green because they contain the photosynthesis pigment — chlorophyll (chlorophyll absorbs a large proportion of the red rays from the solar spectrum, leaving reflected and filtered green to perceive). Animals with a green color use it to mask on the background of plants.

• The green ray is an optical phenomenon in the atmosphere .

Minerals

Minerals with a green color are relatively rare. Most often, their color is associated with impurities of chromophore elements: chromium (III), iron (II), nickel (II), copper (II) and some others.

Among the green minerals, emerald can be noted - a chromium-colored variety of beryl , an olive-green peridot - jewelry olivine , malachite , chrome diopside , green garnet will boil away , also called a demantoid (similar to a diamond) for a beautiful play of color in a faceted stone, dioptase . The blue-green potassium feldspar is called amazonite .

Green as a signal color is a sign of security, permission of action, movement ( traffic light , etc.).

It is interesting that in Russia Nikolay Kalugin, a worker of the Prokhorovskoy Trekhgorny manufactory, in 1801 received an award from the sovereign for the discovery of dyeing the fabric green with nettle juice.

Standards

Green Food Coloring, E **

• Tartrazine

Natural pigments and natural standards

• Chromium oxide
• Malachite green
• Chlorophylls
• Deciduous greens (artistic pigment)
• Emission spectrum of barium ions Ba ²⁺

In Russian, to indicate colors in which a green tint is present to varying degrees, complex words with the first component of green are used- ^[2] , green . For example, green-blue , green-gray ^[3] .

Shade Names

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• Billiard (billiard) cloth - poisonous green (see billiards ).
• Turquoise - from light green with blueness to bluish-blue; color minerals turquoise and chrysocolla .
• Lingonberry - once meant green (by the color of a lingonberry leaf), but now it is one of the shades of red: the color of ripe lingonberry, light red, deep pink.
• Verdepomovy - light green; color of unripe apples ( fr. pomme ; apple).
• Verdepechevy - yellow or pink shade of green.
• Verdigry - grayish-green (from the French. Vert-de-gris ).
• Heliotrope - the color of the heliotrope , dark green with spots of red or yellow.
• Pea - gray, greenish or dirty yellow. In the second half of the 19th century, the phraseology “pea overcoat” or “pea coat” was perceived as a sign of involvement in the detective department, and became a symbol of the informant.
• Goose droppings (Merdua) - yellow-green with a brown tint (from French merdoie; merde d'oie ; goose droppings).
• Dragon green is very dark green.
• Spruce - a dark green color with a bluish-green tint.
• Zelenobagrovy, verdure - a mixture of green and purple , green and brown .
• Emerald - the colors of emerald .
• Lime - saturated yellowish-green, dark lime , lime color.
• Forest green - dark green, the color of conifers .
• Fainted frogs - light gray-green.
• Crown malachite - a characteristic of a pottery, for example, a glazed pot, usually greenish.
• Malachite - the color of malachite .
• Formic - heterogeneous grassy, ​​finely speckled .
• Muramny, moire - grassy green.
• Olive - dark yellowish-green, the color of olives .
• Aspen - pale green with a grayish tint, aspen trunk color (see aspen ).
• Fern - dull green, fern color.
• Light green - light, bright yellow-green.
• Celadon - grayish-green (see. Celadon).
• Blue-green (aquamarine) .
• Dark turquoise - dark blue-green, dark turquoise .
• Herbal - deep green, the color of the grass .
• Pistachio - a dirty light green, the color of the pistachio kernel ^[4] .
• Dark Khaki - Green Brown.
• Chartreuse - light yellow-green, according to the liquor of the same name.
• Yar-copper is a green paint obtained by oxidation of copper ^[5] .

• Green is considered the color of life . First of all, this is due to the predominant color of plants (the presence of chlorophyll pigment ). This common color is due to a certain common element of the genetic code of terrestrial plants associated with the universal mechanism of absorption of sunlight during photosynthesis .
• In Orthodoxy, green is a symbol of eternal life, the color of the venerable and blessed Sergius of Radonezh (July 18 and October 8), Seraphim of Sarov (January 15 and August 1), Ksenia of Petersburg (February 6), the old woman Matrona (November 22 and May 2) and many, many others.
• According to the Orthodox canons, John the Baptist is portrayed in light green robes, because he grew up in the desert, outside a human home, in nature. His lower clothes can be of any color, but the upper is always green.
• Images of the first Russian saints - the martyrs Boris and Gleb, are decorated with green shoots and sprouts, or are written on a green background.
• The Orthodox holidays of the Entrance of the Lord into Jerusalem and the Trinity are celebrated in green priestly robes. And the Trinity and all Orthodox churches are decorated with greenery.
• In Islam, green is the color of wildlife, the symbol and sacred color of religion, as well as the color associated with the concept of paradise. The Qur'an says about him: “ In any place, wherever you look, in heaven there is great bliss and great power of Allah. They are dressed in clothes made of thin green silk and dense satin ”(Quran 76: 20-21). “ They will recline on beds with green blankets and on carpets of amazing beauty ” (Quran, 55:76).
• Green Week - this is what the Russian people called the week after the Orthodox holiday of the Trinity before All Saints Day.
• Green is the color of the Esperanto movement.
• Professionals of an untrained person, a novice (in meaning - inexperienced, young) are called “green”.
• “Green” is often called environmental movement, in particular, the name of the environmental organization “ Greenpeace ” in translation from English means “Green World”.
• In a series of books (and films) about Harry Potter, green is the main color of the symbolism of the Slytherin faculty, which prepared the largest number of dark magicians. The deadly forbidden spell Avada Kedavra kills the victim with a flash of green fire.
• In many languages ​​of the world (especially in Altai , which includes, in particular, Turkic ), blue and green do not differ (if necessary, ambiguous color notations are used). In Japanese, the word 青 い (blue) means any shade of blue, which also includes shades of green. In Chinese, the hieroglyph 青 (pronounced ching ) means both blue and green. This is due to the etymology of the sign itself, originally denoting the color of minerals mined from the earth. Compare at least lapis lazuli with malachite .
• In the Incan script, kipu green indicated conquest; designation of the enemy or the number of people who died at the enemy. The arrangement on the strings of this color was as follows: the first was the report of those who were sixty or older, and then others, in accordance with their ages, went younger by ten years, etc. ^[6] On the archeological strings, a pile is quite rare.
• Zelenenkaya is the household name of Russian paper currency, denominated in 3 rubles, which had a green color.
• The green year is barren.
• The green helmet is about foliage on trees.
• Green noise is about the awakening of nature in spring.
• Green - winter bread in the spring.
• Zelenyak - green reptile: a frog, a lizard.

In politics

In Constantinople, the period of the Byzantine emperor Justinian, one of the opposing political groups bore the color designation "green" (prasiny) - the color of the chariots for which they were ill at the races and which they kept (see. The "Nika" Uprising ).

In modern politics, green can be associated with environmental movements, Islamic parties, or Irish nationalism and republicanism. The green flag of Leinster was also used by the “Society of the United Irish”, which raised a rebellion in 1798 (hence the use of green on St. Patrick's Day ). Having gained independence, Ireland incorporated green into its national flag. Nowadays, green is used by Sinn Fein .

Green also forms the basis of the flag of the Independence Party of Puerto Rico .

Political movements promoting environmental protection ideas call themselves “green.” Starting with the Green Party , which grew out of West German anti-systemic movements, in the last two decades of the 20th century in Europe and the rest of the world (the Australian Green Party , the Green Party (USA) , the Green Party of Brazil ), similar political parties have spread, which, in addition to the environmental agenda, also advocate grassroots democracy , social justice, human rights and non-violence. At the international level, they are united by the European Green Party and the Global Greens .

The more radical ecosocialist parties define themselves as green (or “red-green”) - the Red-Green Coalition (Denmark) , the Left-Green Movement (Iceland), the Green Left (Netherlands) .

In Vexillology

• Green is present on the flags of most Muslim countries as the color of Islam. Flags of Saudi Arabia , Pakistan , Mauritania use green as their primary color. The old flag of the Libyan Jamahiriya , used from 1977 to 2011, was the only one-color state flag in the world.
• The flag of the Indian National Congress of the period of the national liberation struggle, which combined the colors of the main religious groups: orange - Hindus and green - Muslims, served as the basis for the flag of India .
• The green background of the Brazil flag was inherited from the Brazilian empire , where it symbolized the ruling dynasty.
• The green color on the flags of Portugal and Nigeria symbolizes hope for the future.
• Green, along with yellow and red, is one of the pan-African colors , symbolizing the rich land of Africa. In Africa, Ghana, Nigeria, Ethiopia, the Republic of the Congo, South Africa, Togo, Zimbabwe, Guinea, Benin, Guinea-Bissau, Zambia, Kenya, Cameroon, Senegal, Malawi, Mozambique, South Sudan, Sao Tome and Principe use green on their flags. .
• Green on the national flag of Mozambique is a symbol of soil fertility.
• The flag of Bangladesh , the successor to the flag of the War of Independence , is a red disk on a green background. The latter denotes the greenery of the country.
• The flag of Italy was created in 1797 as the flag of the Cisalpine Republic according to the model of the French tricolor. Green uniforms were added to the traditional colors of Milan (white and red).

Psychology of Perception

In psychology, green is a symbol of life, harmony, unity of people and nature. It helps to be closer to each other, gives self-esteem, firmness, naturalness, justice, develops willpower and constancy. The human eye is most susceptible in the red-yellow portion of the spectrum, green (the color of grass, plants) calms the nervous system. Our eyes rest when perceiving shades of green, so the walls of public institutions are often painted in shades of green (schools, hospitals, etc.). That is why tables with green cloth (material with diffuse reflection ) are traditionally common (library tables, billiards , card table).

Other literary and cultural associations

• The Green Mile
• Green Wagon
• " Green elephant "
• Green is considered the color of the earth (blue - water, red - fire)
• The image of green grass in the song " Grass at Home " of the Soviet group "Earthlings".
• "Green melancholy" is the name of a depressed person.
• "Green Serpent" is an allegorical designation of alcohol and everything connected with it.
• Zeleinik - doctor, healer; a book describing herbs and their healing properties. Potions - poisoning, killing.

A good wife is fun, and a thin wife is an evil potion.

A potion that is treated with a hangover.

The snake dies, and the potion is enough.

There is no potion from death.

Folklore

• Green, he is a born fool, nugget, round - about a complete and completely incorrigible "dumbass".
• Green grapes - an ironic turn, speaks of what there is no way to achieve. The expression is connected with Aesop 's fable about a fox who sees ripe grapes and consoles himself with the fact that he is still supposedly green, not ripened. In Russian, this expression began to be widely used due to the fable of I. A. Krylov “Fox and grapes”, where Fox is annoyed with herself: “In his eyes he is good, but green - there are no ripe berries, you’ll fill your mouth with a sore mouth”. An expression that is close to it in meaning - “Hard nuts, but green” - about something that has a deceptively attractive appearance, but in reality is bad, of poor quality.
• Green carriage - in tsarist Russia, a class 3 railway carriage with 40 seats with hard benches on which to sleep:

• «Чудовище с зелёными глазами» — ревность ( Шекспир , « Отелло , венецианский мавр», Яго (действие 3, явление 3, перевод П. И. Вейнберга (1864)).
• В 1973 году вышла экранизация романа Гарри Гаррисона «Подвиньтесь! Подвиньтесь!» под названием « Зелёный сойлент ».
• «У лукоморья дуб зелёный», — первая строчка произведения А. С. Пушкина « Руслан и Людмила ».
• Зелёная улица — в военном быту просторечное обозначение наказания шпицрутенами — свежесрезанными прутьями; а также свободный проезд на всём протяжении пути.
• Зелёный друг — о лесе, зелёных насаждениях, отдельных деревьях.
• Зелёный стол — стол для карточных игр, покрытый зелёным сукном, на котором мелками велась запись игры.

• Сине-зелёный цвет («цвет морской волны»)

• Green in symbolism (Retrieved October 29, 2018)
• Green color in interior design. The combination of green and other colors (Retrieved October 29, 2018)