Cadillac Deville (1994-1999)

The new sedan retained the same as in the previous model year ^{[Comm. 1] the} wheelbase is 113.8 inches (2891 mm), but has become a little longer. It had a sleek streamlined body with a powerful front bumper, the chrome edging of which passed to the sidewalls in the form of a wide molding with Sedan Deville inscriptions on the doors. Large block headlights had special side sections that were used to illuminate the turn. Flush mounted windshield and side windows, in addition to improving streamlining, were designed to reduce noise in the cabin. This, also, was facilitated by double door seals and additional sound insulation of the front flap and floor ^[4] .

The body was designed taking into account the requirements of standards for impact resistance , including the side. It had a frame made of high-strength steel, which housed passengers and deformable zones in front and behind. In a head-on collision, the support of the power unit broke, and he went down without affecting the interior. Special amplifiers for door locks and safety bars protected riders from a side impact. The car was equipped with two front airbags as standard , protecting all three passengers in the front seat ^[5] . The model showed good results in assessing passive safety using the methodology of the National Traffic Safety Administration of the USA (NHTSA) .

In the passenger compartment, an electronic fully digital instrument panel was located in front of the driver, on which the speed of the car was displayed in large numbers in the center. To the left of the speedometer was a digital fuel gauge; to the right was an odometer with full and current mileage indicators. The indicator below showed the operation mode of the transmission, and at the top of the instrument panel there was a series of warning lamps. The screens of the on-board computer were located to the left and to the right of the instrument panel. The left one displayed, in various versions, fuel consumption, and the right on the display a variety of service information was displayed.

The position of the separate front seats was changed with the help of electric drives. Pressing the appropriate buttons on the door moved the seat back and forth, up and down and separately raised or lowered the front or back of the pillow. The position of the backrest was manually adjusted, but here, for an additional fee, an electric drive could be installed ^[7] . Also, upon request, the seat was equipped with electric heating. If necessary, a third passenger could be accommodated in front, a waist belt was specially designed for him.

The standard equipment of the car included an audio system with a radio and cassette player. By order, it was possible to install the same system with an additional amplifier or a system with a radio, cassette and CD players. Both last systems included eleven speakers. Also, on request, a 6-disc CD changer was installed in the trunk ^[4] . It was possible to order a car with a key fob, from which the doors and trunk were remotely opened, and the interior light was also turned on. The anti-theft system was controlled from the same key fob if it was installed ^[8] .

To monitor the performance of the rear lights, special indicators were located above the rear window. If they were lit, then the taillights worked fine ^[9] . The interior rear-view mirror was automatically obscured by the headlights of a vehicle driving behind ^[10] . Since the 1995 model year, a compass has appeared on it ^[11] . Also, from this year the sunroof became available ^[12] .

A transverse V- front eight - cylinder lower - pressure ( OHV ) engine with a displacement of 4.9 liters and 200 hp remained the same ^[13] . To reduce the transmission of vibration, the mounts of the motor to the body were changed, and the exhaust system was modernized to reduce noise ^[14] . An automatic hydromechanical four-speed 4T60-E transmission with electronic control and overdrive was added to the engine ^[15] .

The front independent spring suspension with swinging struts of the MacPherson type and the rear independent spring suspension on two wishbones and a subframe were equipped with an electronic system of continuous change of stiffness on each wheel ^{[16] [17]} . The rack and pinion steering with hydraulic booster also changed its characteristics depending on the speed of movement ^[18] . The double-circuit hydraulic brake system with an amplifier had disc brakes on all wheels and was equipped with an anti-lock system as standard. The clutch control system was installed on request. The car was equipped with 15-inch cast aluminum wheels of three different types.

In addition to the standard version, a “charged” version of the Deville Concours car with the new Northstar series engine was produced. The all-aluminum (head and cylinder block) overhead ( DOHC ) V-shaped eight-cylinder engine had two driven by a camshaft chain in each cylinder head. Valves, four per cylinder, were driven directly from the camshaft through the gap compensators . Inside the fixed cast-iron sleeves, aluminum alloy pistons moved. The engine used distributed fuel injection (SFI) in the intake manifold made of thermoplastic. With a working volume of 4.6 liters, the engine developed a power of 275 hp. ^[nineteen]

Deville Concours was equipped with a tuned suspension with electronically controlled stability control system installed as standard. Externally, the model was distinguished by the Cadillac emblem on the radiator grille, and not on the leg on top, rubberized moldings on the sidewalls with Deville Concours inscriptions on the doors and special versions with cast 16-inch wheels. The luxurious interior with leather trim had a dashboard with wood trim ^[20] .

In total (Sedan Deville and Deville Concours) in the 1994 model year 120 352 cars were produced, in 1995 - 100 066 cars → .

Starting from model year 1996 ^{[Comm. 1]} all Deville cars began to be powered by Northstar engines. Sedan Deville used a 275-horsepower version of the engine, and Deville Concours used a 300-horsepower version. Both engines were aggregated with a four-stage hydromechanical transmission 4T80-E, which was now filled with oil that does not require replacement during the entire service life ^[23] . Powertrain control has been improved through the use of a more efficient controller and the addition of an air flow sensor to the system .

The new chassis control system included a steering angle sensor, which allowed more precise control of the tire grip during acceleration or braking in a corner. Both models (Deville and Concours) now used 16-inch wheels in a new design with a large Cadillac emblem in the center ^[24] .

For an additional fee, a package of options was offered that allowed towing a trailer weighing 1,360 kg (3,000 pounds ). The package included additional wiring harnesses, an oil and an enlarged main engine radiator ^[25] .

For the first time for corporation vehicles, the emergency communication was installed on Cadillac models. When the airbags were deployed, the system sent a signal to the operator and automatically called emergency services ^[26] . A multi-function steering wheel with climate control petals (temperature and fan speed control) on the left ^[27] and an audio system (volume control and selection of a radio station or playing composition) on the right ^[28] appeared on all cars. Now, a rain sensor was automatically installed, which automatically turned on the wipers when the first drops appeared ^[29] . It became possible to order the installation of a cell phone that was connected to a standard audio system, allowing you to make calls while driving ^[30] . In the trunk of the car, it was now possible to install a 12-disc CD changer.

Only on the Councours model shock absorbers with electronically controlled valves were used, and in the power steering there was used an electromagnetic system that smoothly changed the gear ratio, allowing effortless maneuvering at low speed, and with high-speed movement on the highway, the required steering force ^[31] .

A heavier car failed a passive safety test.

In total, in the model year 1996, 100,251 vehicles were produced → .

In the 1997 model year ^{[Comm. 1] the} car has been slightly modified. He received a new, with a more pronounced rise in the center, a hood, a new radiator grille, a front bumper and wings. The new rear wings completely opened the wheels, on the front doors on top of the molding now it was simply written Deville . The car body was seriously strengthened both in terms of strength and to reduce noise and vibration. All models became standardly equipped with new frontal and additional side airbags ^{[37] [38]} .

Instead of the Fleetwood model, the luxury version of Deville D'Elegance has reappeared in Cadillac catalogs. It was distinguished by a special golden ornament on the hood, a Cadillac emblem on the rear panel and inserts on the side moldings. In addition to the Deville lettering on the front doors, the model bore the D'Elegance lettering on the rear wings. In the leather interior with a front panel and doors trimmed with wood, there were all options ordered for a regular model, such as storing the seat position, mirrors and radio settings for two drivers, two-zone climate control, an anti-theft system with remote door opening and turning on the external light ^{[39] [38]} .

The Concours model was still distinguished by the Cadillac emblem on the radiator grill and the corresponding inscriptions ( Deville Councours ) on the doors. Another distinctive feature of the car was the fog lights built into the front bumper. В салоне появилась приборная панель с аналоговыми (стрелочными) указателями и консоль, как продолжение передней панели, а рычаг переключения режимов трансмиссии теперь находился между сидениями. Таким образом, третьего пассажира спереди разместить было уже невозможно, автомобиль стал пятиместным ^{[40] [38]} .

Усиленный автомобиль с честью выдержал тесты на безопасность, в том числе вновь введённое испытание ударом сбоку.

Всего в 1997 модельном году было выпущено 99 601 автомобиль, в 1998 — 111 030 автомобилей, а в 1999 году — 112 253 автомобиля → .

Руководства по эксплуатации

1. The 1994 Sedan Deville Literature (англ.) . — General Motors Corporation, 1993. — P. 399. Архивировано 20 ноября 2017 года.
2. The 1995 Cadillac Deville Literature (англ.) . — General Motors Corporation, 1994. — P. 403. Архивировано 20 ноября 2017 года.
3. The 1996 Cadillac De Ville/De Ville Concours Owner's Manual (англ.) . — General Motors Corpora, 1995. — No. 2563721 1 B . — P. 354. Архивировано 20 ноября 2017 года.
4. The 1997 Cadillac De Ville Owner's Manual (англ.) . — General Motors Corporation, 1996. — No. 25649946 B . — P. 386. Архивировано 20 ноября 2017 года.
5. The 1998 Cadillac De Ville Owner's Manual (англ.) . — General Motors Corporation, 1998. — No. 25665435 B . — P. 386. Архивировано 23 июня 2016 года.
6. The 1999 Cadillac DeVille Owner's Manual (англ.) . — General Motors Corporation, 1998. — No. 25684417 B . — P. 368. Архивировано 20 ноября 2017 года.

Каталоги

1. 1994 Cadillac : [ eng. ] . — USA : Cadillac, 1993. — 75 p.
2. 1994 Cadillac Northstar Series : [ eng. ] . — USA : Cadillac, 1993. — 75 p.
3. Cadillac With the Northstar Sistem : [ eng. ] . — USA : GM Corp., 1995. — 54 p.
4. Cadillac 1999 Deville : [ eng. ] . — USA : Cadillac, 1998. — 23 p.

Books

1. John Gunnell Standard Catalog of Cadillac 1903-2004 в « Книгах Google »
2. Peter C. Sessler Ultimate American V-8 Engine Data Book в « Книгах Google »