Vadim Leonidovich Andreev ( December 25, 1902 ( January 7, 1903 ) , Moscow - May 20, 1976, Geneva ) - Russian poet and prose writer. The son of Leonid Nikolaevich Andreev and Alexandra Mikhailovna Andreeva (n. Veligorskaya, 1881-1906), brother of D. L. Andreev .
| Vadim Leonidovich Andreev | |
|---|---|
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| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
| Citizenship (citizenship) | |
| Occupation | poet , prose writer |
| Years of creativity | 1923-1950 |
| Direction | realism |
| Language of Works | Russian |
| Debut | The Lead Hour ( 1924 ) |
Content
Biography
After the death of the mother, the upbringing of the child was engaged by the maternal grandmother Euphrosyne Varfolomeevna Veligorskaya (Shevchenko), and the governess. He lived in his father’s villa in Vammelsuu (Finland). In 1913 he went to study in St. Petersburg, lived in the family of Professor Mikhail Andreevich Reisner. He studied at the gymnasium of May . After the outbreak of World War I, he settled in Moscow with the Dobrovs, studied at the Polivanov Grammar School . Later he returned to Petrograd, where he studied at the Lentovskaya gymnasium .
In October 1917, he left with his father for Finland. According to his son , contrary to popular belief, Vadim did not fight in the White Army, but spent only a few days in the ranks of the Kuban “green” [2] . In the summer of 1921 he evacuated to Constantinople , studied at the Russian Lyceum in Sofia , where, having received a scholarship from the Wittmore Committee (supporting emigrant student youth), he went to study in Berlin , where, together with Anna Prismanova and Georgy Venus, he participated in the publication of the collective collection “The Bridge in the Wind” (debut publication of the poet). He was a member of the Berlin literary group “4 + 1” (V. L. Andreev, G. D. Venus , A. S. Prismanova , B. B. Sosinsky, S. P. Liberman ) [3] .
In 1924 he applied for his return to his homeland; without waiting for an answer, he moved to Paris . In France, Andreev will marry Olga Chernova-Fedorova, the adopted daughter of the Chairman of the Constituent Assembly of Russia Viktor Chernov (they have two children - son Alexander and daughter Olga, in the marriage of Andreeva-Carlisle). One of the organizers of the Union of Young Poets and Writers, a member of the literary association Nomad.
In 1932 , on the recommendation of M. A. Osorgin, he was consecrated into Freemasonry in the Parisian Russian box " North Star ", her secretary in 1935-1937, 1st guard in 1940-1945, 2nd guard in 1945 and 1947 -1949 years [4] . At the same time, he became one of the initiators of the creation of an independent lodge “The Northern Brothers”, grouped around M. A. Osorgin [5] .
During the war he took part in the French Resistance. December 15, 1944 was arrested by the Nazis, sent to Boyardville prison, then the partisans secured his release by exchanging for German prisoners of war. Since 1945, a member of the Union of Soviet Patriots, for which he was expelled from the Paris Union of Russian writers and journalists. Accepting Soviet citizenship in 1948, he did not move to the Soviet Union, although he has been there many times since 1957. In 1949 he left for the USA, lived in New York, got a job at the UN. He worked at UNESCO as a Soviet representative in the publishing department, in 1959-1961 - in the publishing department of the UN European Office (Geneva).
In October 1964, after the removal of N. S. Khrushchev from all posts, he brought to the West a roll of photographic films with most of Solzhenitsyn's archive [6] , including the manuscript of the novel “ In the First Circle ” [2] . In the fifth supplement to the memoirs “ Calf Butting with an Oak ” (“Invisibles”) A. I. Solzhenitsyn lists Vadim Andreev among his 117 secret assistants to help him reproduce, store, hide, transport manuscripts and materials to them [6] [7] .
Last years he lived in the USA , where he worked at the UN . He died in Geneva , from where his ashes were transferred to the cemetery of Saint-Genevieve-des-Bois near Paris.
Artwork
During his life, he published three collections of poetry: “Lead Hour” ( 1924 ), “The Ailment of Being” ( 1928 ), “Second Wind” ( 1950 ), and also the poem “Rise of the Stars” ( 1923 ). Posthumously in Paris came out the final collection "At the Frontier" ( 1977 ). He also published autobiographical and artistic prose. The complete poems of Vadim Andreev are published in a two-volume book: Vadim Andreev. Poems and poems. Berkeley Slavic Specialties. 1995. Preparation and comp. I. Shevelenko.
A representative edition of Vadim Andreev’s poems has not yet been published in Russia.
Bibliography
- Childhood. Story. - M., Soviet writer, 1963, 1966
- Wild field. Novel. - M., Soviet writer, 1967–392 p., 30,000 copies.
- The story of one trip. A story. - M., Soviet writer, 1974
Family
- Wife - Chernova-Fedorova, Olga Viktorovna (August 3 ( 16 ), 1903 , Odessa - March 20, 1979, Paris) - a writer. The author of the memoirs “Cold Winter” (The New Journal, 1975-1976) [8] .
- Daughter - Olga (married Carlyle) (b. January 22, 1930, Paris) - artist, writer, journalist, translator. In the 1960s and 1970s, she translated into English “ In the First Circle ” and “ The Gulag Archipelago ” [8] .
- Son - Alexander (May 28, 1937, Paris - April 19, 2016, Bern ) - translator, head of the Russian translation service of UNESCO [8] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 Alexander Andreev. “I took out the Gulag Archipelago in a can of caviar ...”
- ↑ Nikolay Skatov . Russian literature of the twentieth century: prose writers, poets, playwrights: a bio-bibliographic dictionary . - OLMA Media Group, 2005 .-- 362 p. - ISBN 9785948482453 .
- ↑ Paris. Lodge "North Star" WWF
- ↑ Paris. Lodge "Northern Brothers"
- ↑ 1 2 Solzhenitsyn A.I. Butted a calf with oak. The fifth addition - "Invisibility" // New World. - 1991. - No. 11. P. 124.
- ↑ Solzhenitsyn A.I. Butted a calf with an oak. The fifth addition - "Invisibility" // New World. 1991. No. 12. P. 25.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Russian foreign countries in France 1919-2000. L. Mnukhin , M. Avril, V. Losskaya. M.:. The science; House-Museum of Marina Tsvetaeva. 2008.