Landscape complex Chang ( Vietnamese. Quần thể danh thắng Tràng An ) is a natural monument located in the province of Ninh Binh , 100 km south of Hanoi , in Vietnam . Structurally, it consists of three territories protected by the state: the Changan-Tamkok-Bitydong complex , the ancient capital of Hoalah cultural and historical complex and the Hoala virgin forest. The total area of the complex is almost 62 km² [1] .
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
| Landscape complex Changan [* 1] | |
|---|---|
| Tràng An Scenic Landscape Complex [* 2] | |
 | |
| A country |  Vietnam |
| Type of | Cultural |
| Criteria | v, vii, viii |
| Region [* 3] | Asia |
| Turning on | 2014 (38 session) |
Description
The natural complex Changan-Tamkok-Bitdong is located on an area of 21 km². It is a unique series of caves in limestone mountains with a large number of multi-colored stalactites and stalagmites , according to the interpretation of UNESCO, is a natural phenomenon, a space of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance [1] .
Collectively, Chang’s ecosystem extends over 10 kilometers and consists of about 50 caves and 30 underground lakes. The ecosystem is cut through by the water of the Shaokhe River, along which water excursions along the nature monument are conducted. The most famous caves of the complex: Sheo, Nauryou, Dialin, Shinzyok, Mei, Toy, Shang and Nauryou, Thungbin [1] .
Tamkok district is almost completely flooded by the Ngoziang River, which flows among limestone mountains through caves. On its territory there are 3 famous caves. The Vietnamese call them the “Ka” (“Elder”) caves - 127 meters long and 20 meters wide, the “High” (“Second”) ca. 60 meters long and the “Ba” (“Third”) - which is short - 50 meters. Actually the name of the district “tamkok” is translated from Vietnamese as “three caves” [1] .
The complex in the Bui and Chong caves has traces of primitive people who, according to research, lived about 5-30 thousand years ago [1] .
The cultural and historical values of the Chagan landscape complex are concentrated in the ancient capital of Vietnam, Hoala. Hohala is the first capital of the first centralized feudal state, is the birthplace of three Vietnamese dynasties: Dinh , Early Le and Lee [2] . It has an area of about 300 hectares , including external and internal fortresses, and is surrounded by mountains. It should be noted that after 10 centuries, the royal palace was almost completely destroyed, but about 30 historical monuments, including two temples dedicated to the kings of the Ding and Le dynasties, remained on its territory. On the western outskirts of the ancient capital is the largest Baidin Pagoda in Vietnam. This pagoda is famous for the largest in Southeast Asia, a bronze statue of Buddha [3] .
Gallery
Notes
Links
trangandanhthang.vn - the official site of the Changan Landscape Complex (vietn.) , (fr.) , (eng.)
| UNESCO World Heritage Site , object number 1438 rus • eng • fr. |