Protopopov, Victor

Viktor Viktorovich was born into a noble family . He graduated from high school and the real school Gurevich in St. Petersburg . He worked as a journalist, published the first essays in the newspapers Birzhevye Vedomosti and Teatralny Mir ; He published articles in newspapers: “ News ”, “ Exchange statements ”, “ Petersburg newspaper ”, “ New time ”, in the magazine “ Theater and Art ”; edited the newspaper " Theater Day ". Protopopov - the first in the Russian press began to interview .

Protopopov wrote his first play, the comedy “Slaves of the Ruble,” in 1894; it was staged at the Theater of the Literary and Art Society in St. Petersburg and at the Korsh Theater in Moscow . The next play - the comedy “Slaves of Fun” was staged in the drama theater on the Officer’s ^[1] . The comedy on stage was played only five times, after which it was banned for immorality, two years later the ban was lifted from it, and during the season it was played 64 times; On stage at the Suslov Theater, in Moscow, was played about 80 times. The comedy "Gilded People" by Protopopov was staged at the Shabelskaya Theater. After that, Protopopov’s compositions: the drama Fallen, the everyday episode Out of Life, The Female Volyushka, The Accused, The Star of Morality, and two historical plays Heter Lais and Actress's Love were staged at the Suvorin Theater . Protopopov's comedy Out of Life was translated into German and was staged in Germany.

One of Protopov’s most famous works is the play Black Ravens. The play was written by the author in Vologda , during the revolution of 1905 , the basis for it was the novel “Ioannites” published in the newspaper “Petersburg leaf”. In this work, the pastor John of Kronstadt was portrayed as a pseudo-healer, and his supporters - “ John ” ^[2] as fanatical sectarians. The play was published in the journal Theater and Art in 1907. Before its publication, Protopopov sent his work to the Spiritual Department to missionary N. Bulgakov in order to find out his opinion and conclusion about the usefulness or permissibility of staging the play in the theater. A very harsh missionary Bulgakov, turned out to be extremely conscientious and direct person in his work. He answered Protopopov on the official letterhead of the St. Petersburg diocesan missionary that not only, “as an expert on the work of the Johannites, he finds their image fully consistent with truth and reality,” he also thanked Protopov for using the theater to conquer the dark, senseless and disgusting a phenomenon that not only spoils the purity of faith in the population and puts a stain on our Church, but which there is no power to defeat from the fragmented and weak forces of the mission, from missionaries. After that, Protopopov published his play along with a review of missionary Bulgakov. In two years, this work was reprinted 4 more times. The play was staged at the Nevsky Theater by V. A. Nemetti ^[3] on the Petersburg side in December 1907, where it went on stage almost daily with a completely full hall. She was presented to the public in many theaters of the Russian Empire and was a huge success. The play has been translated into French, German, Italian, English and Armenian. However, a number of articles against Black Ravens appeared in the "well-meaning press". By the efforts of the Black Hundred bishop of Kursk and Oboyansk Pitirim, the play “Black Crows” was banned by local authorities in Kursk . The Moscow authorities after the monarchists appealed to them to stage the play in Moscow were banned. In order to prohibit the play, three black-nettles Bishop of Saratov Germogen (Dolganev) , Bishop of Oryol Seraphim (Chichagov) and Archpriest John Vostorgov arrived in Petersburg on December 11, 1907, they were received by Emperor Nicholas II ; for 1.5 hours, Germogen told the monarch how the left press and society poison the sick, dying John of Kronstadt, and in his person, the Orthodox Church and faith. With his story, Germogen brought Nicholas II to tears. The Tsar immediately phoned Stolypin and handed over the order to immediately and everywhere remove the Black Ravens play from the repertoire ^{[4] [5] [6]} . The play of Protopopov attracted the attention of the Holy Synod to the problem of the St John (Kiselyov’s Khlysty) , the founders and distributors of this teaching were declared sectarians by the decree of the Synod of 1912, their works were condemned ^[7] . In 1917, after the October Revolution , the ban on the play was canceled in the RSFSR , and in the same year, the film Black Ravens, directed by Protopopov’s play, was directed by director M. M. Bonch-Tomashevsky and producer Paul-Ernst Timan .

The next play, “Red”, was banned by censorship, but allowed only for print. Protopov’s last play, “The Heart of a Man,” was a great success at the Suvorin Theater . Protopov is the author of about 30 plays.

Protopopov was a great connoisseur and collector of books, the area of ​​his bibliophilia was books related to the theater. He has assembled a huge collection, about 5000 volumes of the rarest editions in all languages ​​of the world. In his collection were not only books, but also porcelain and bronze figurines, miniatures, manuscripts, as well as images of Russian actors: photographs and portraits painted in oil paints and watercolors. In 1912 Protopopov published a catalog of his collection with a circulation of 500 copies. In 1913, he agreed to transfer his collection to St. Petersburg, provided that a separate room was allocated for it. After the death of Protopopov, his wife donated his collection to the Directorate of the Imperial Theaters . Currently, part of his collection, which presents theatrical relics, is stored in the St. Petersburg Museum of Theater and Music , and the library has become part of the funds of the St. Petersburg City Theater Library . Protopopov for 12 years was the director of the Literary and Art Society , was elected head of the loan operation on the board of the Imperial Russian Theater Society . Protopopov was a member of the Council of the Russian Theater Society, the Artistic Pedagogical Council of the Theater School of A.S. Suvorin, the director of the theater named after A.S. Suvorin. In 1915, Protopopov founded the Financial Newspaper .

Returning from Yalta , on April 6, 1916, he suddenly died in Moscow. On April 12, his body was buried in the cemetery of the Novodevichy Convent in Petrograd .

• Tamer of animals: Farce in 3 d. / Alteration with fr. V. Protopopova. - Moscow: lit. Mosk. theater. b-ki S. F. Rassokhin, qualification. 1897 .-- 103 s. ; 22.
• Hero Antosha: Farce in 3 days: Alteration with fr. / [Op.] V. Protopopov (V. Neznamova). - Moscow: lit. Mosk. theater. b-ki S. F. Rassokhin, qualification. 1897. - 101 p .; 22. Written by hand. Litogr.
• I'm looking for an apartment ...: Farce in 3 d.: (The plot is borrowed) / [Op.] V. Protopopova (V. Neznamova). - Moscow: lit. Mosk. theater. b-ki S. F. Rassokhin, qualification. 1897. - 56 p .; 22. Written by hand. Litogr.
• Wife had fun: Farce in 3 d. / Per. with fr. V. Protopopova. - Moscow: lit. Mosk. theater. b-ki S. F. Rassokhin, qualification. 1897. - 116 p .; 23. Written by hand. Litogr.
• Slaves of the ruble: Comedy in the fourth house of V. Protopopov. - St. Petersburg: Theater. Dep. Prince magician gas. "News", 1898. - [2], 111 p .; 23. Written by hand. Litogr.
• Funny neighbors: Farce in 3 d. / Per. with fr. V. Neznamova (V. Protopopova). - St. Petersburg: Theater. Dep. Prince magician gas. "News", 1898. - [1], 85 pp .; 23. Written by hand. Litogr.
• For the honor of the father: Drama in 5 d. And 6 cards. with a prologue / (With Fr.) V. Neznamova [pseudo. V.V. Protopopova]. - Moscow: lit. Mosk. theater. b-ki S. F. Rassokhin, qualification. 1898. - 71 p .; 23. Written by hand. Litogr.
• “My baby!”: Vaudeville in 1 d. / Alteration from fr. V. Neznamova [pseudo.]. - St. Petersburg: Theater. Dep. Prince magician gas. "News", 1898. - [36] p .; 23. Written by hand. Litogr.
• Love at the throne: Drama in 5 D. D.N. Bernardaki / Alteration with Greek. V. Protopopova. - Moscow: lit. Mosk. theater. b-ki S. F. Rassokhin, qualification. 1898. - 88 p .; 22. Written by hand. Litogr.
• Beaver fur coat: Thieves. comedy in 4 d. Gergart Hauptmann / Per. B. Prospect. - Moscow: lit. Mosk. theater. b-ki S. F. Rassokhin, qualification. 1898. - 100 s .; 22. Written by hand. Litogr.
• Glorious France sons: (Defenders of the native banner): A play in 5 d. And 9 cards. / Alteration of V.K. Travsky and V.V. Protopopov. - Moscow: lit. Mosk. theater. b-ki S. F. Rassokhin, qualification. 1898. - 172 p .; 22. Written by hand. Litogr.
• Carter Genschel: Drama in 5 d. Gergardt Hauptmann / Per. V.V. Protopopova and N.S. Leonardo. - [St. Petersburg]: journal. “Theater and Art”, qualification 1899. - 44 p .; 22. Title Original: “Fuhrmann Henschel” Per. also under the heading: “Carrier Genschel”, “Genshel”.
• Protopopov V. Slaves of fun / 1900
• Boers from Transvaal: Joke farce in 3 days / [Op.] V. Neznamova [pseudo] and S. Lenny. - St. Petersburg: Theater. Dep. Prince magician gas. "News", 1900. - [2], 57 p .; 23.
• The lady from Fars: Farce in 3 d. / [Op.] V. Neznamova [pseudo] and N. Backgammon. - St. Petersburg: Theater. Dep. Prince magician gas. "News", 1900. - [2], 91 pp .; 22.
• Maria Gavrilovna Savina: Biogr. Essay by V.V. Protopopov. - Yubil. ed. Vol. 1-3. - St. Petersburg: Labor. - 3 t.; 36. Issue 3: With the characteristic of M. G. Savina - autogr. I. Shcheglova. - [4], 81-119 p. : Portr., Fax.
• Countess Dada: Comedy in 3 d.: (Borrowed) / [Op.] V. Protopopova. - St. Petersburg: Theater. Dep. Prince magician gas. "News", 1900. - [2], 99 pp .; 23. Ed. also titled: General in Love. (Countess Dada) Handwritten. Litogr.
• Boers from Transvaal: Joke farce in 3 days / [Op.] V. Neznamova [pseudo] and S. Lenny. - St. Petersburg: Theater. Dep. Prince magician gas. "News", 1900. - [2], 57 p .; 23.
• Loving general: (Countess Dada): Comedy in 3 d. V. Protopopova. - Moscow: S.F. Rassokhin, qualification 1901. - [2], 108 p .; 22. Ed. also under the title: Countess Dada. On the stove to write. mash. Litogr.
• Silver wedding night: Farce in 3 d., Per. with fr. V. Neznamova [pseudo. V.V. Protopopova]. - Moscow: S.F. Rassokhin, qualification 1901. - [2], 69 p .; 23. Stake. to write. mash. Litogr.
• Sick love: Drama in 4 d. V. Protopopova / C foreword. prof. Psychiatry P.I. Kovalevsky. - St. Petersburg: Art. Pech., 1901. - 74 p .; 25. Ed. also titled: Two Passions
• Gilded people: Essays on manners in the fourth house of V. Protopopov. - Moscow: S.F. Rassokhin, qualification 1901. - 82 p .; 22.
• Beyond Life: Weekday. episode in 4 d. / Op. V.V. Protopova. - [St. Petersburg]: type. SPb t-va "Labor", qualification 1902. - 46 p .; 21.
• Fallen: Drama in 4 d. And 1 card. - Moscow: S. Rassokhin, qualification 1904. - 95 p., 4 p. ill .; 18. - (Scene: Drama. Sat .; 1903 [! 1900, issue 19).]
• Two passions: Drama in the 4th house of V. Protopopov / C foreword. prof. Psychiatry P.I. Kovalevsky. - Moscow: lit. Mosk. theater. b-ki S. F. Rassokhin, qualification. 1903. - 87 p .; 22. Ed. also titled: Sick Love.
• The accused: Comedy in the fourth house of V. Protopopov. - [St. Petersburg]: journal. “Theater and Art”, qualification 1904. - 48 p .; 21.
• What happened? : Drum. study in 1 act / [Op.] V. Protopopova. - St. Petersburg: type. A. S. Suvorin, 1904. - 15 p .; sixteen.
• "Dasha of Sevastopol": East. sketch in 2 d. / [Op.] V. Protopopova. - [St. Petersburg]: journal. “Theater and Art”, qualification 1904. - 22, [2] p. : notes .; 22.
• The lady from the cafe-chantana: Farce in 3 d. / [Op.] V. Protopopova and N. Leonard. - Moscow: Theater. b-ka M. A. Sokolova, qualification 1905. - 86 p .; 22.
• Sherlock Holmes: A play in 4 acts based on the novel by Conan Doyle / Transl. with him. V.V. Protopopova. - St. Petersburg: journal. “Theater and Art”, 1906. - 42 p .; 25.
• Black Ravens: A play in 5th D. V. Protopopov. - [St. Petersburg]: Journal. “Theater and Art”, [1907]. - [4], 64 p .; 23. - S. 5: Letter from N. Bulgakov to the author with a review of the play.
  • - Also. - 3rd ed. - 1908.
  • - Also. - 4th ed., 1908.
  • Black Ravens: A play in 5th D. V. Protopopov. - 5th ed. - [St. Petersburg]: journal. “Theater and Art”, 1908. - 94 p., 5 p. ill .;
  • Black ravens: A play in 5 days / V.V. Protopopov. - [Moscow]: New Moscow, 1923. - 70 p .;
• Brie E. Zolotyya fetters: Piece in 5 d / [Op.] Brie; Per. with fr., ext. based on the novel by Paul Hervier V.V. Protopopov. - Moscow: lit. Theater. bkki S. F. Rassokhin, [1907]. - 128 p. ;
• Heter Lais: A play in 5 d. / V. Protopopov. - [St. Petersburg]: journal. “Theater and Art”, 1908. - 99 p .; 25x13. In the region: V.V. Protopopov S. 3: Venus from Laisa. When dedicating the mirror to her: [Poem] / A. S. Pushkin. 1814
• Blood for blood: Drama in 2 days / V.V. Protopopov. - St. Petersburg: type. t-va "Ekateringof. oven business ", qualification. 1909. - 14 p .; 26.
• Red: Comedy in the 4th house of V. Protopopov. - St. Petersburg: type. “Pech. labor ”, 1910. - 81 p .; 20. To the region Date: 1911.
• The tragedy of the actress. (Louise Degarsen): 5-piece play / V.V. Protopopov. - St. Petersburg: journal. “Theater and Art”, [1911]. - 80 s .; 18.
• The heart of a man: Comedy in 4 d. / [Op.] V. Protopopova. - St. Petersburg: journal. “Theater and Art”, [1913]. - 56 s .; 23.
• Native shadows: East. study in 1 d. / V. Protopopov. - Petrograd: Zhurn. “Theater and Art”, [1914]. - 11 s .; 23.
• “God's work”: Report to the Council of the Russian Theater. Islands of the Council Member V.V. Protopopov. - [Petrograd]: type. Peter. t-va oven. and the publishing house "Labor", [1914]. - [2] s

• Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Russian Bibliographic Institute Granat. Volume 11 / Ed. 7.- Moscow: T-va 'Br. A. and I. Granat and Co '- 1911.
• Masanov I.F. Dictionary of pseudonyms of Russian writers, scientists and public figures: In 4 vols. - T. 4. - M., 1960. - P. 391
• “Journalist, playwright, philanthropist. V. V. Protopopov and his meeting "
• Moscow correspondent. Independent News
• The illustrated bulletin of culture, scientific, educational, technical and commercial and industrial progress of Russia. Vol. 3 1914 p. 11.
• Obituary // Historical Bulletin 1916 volume 144, May-June. p. 575.
• A.V. Koskello // Nevsky bibliophile: Almanac. - Volume 3 of 1998, pp. 68-75.
• The illustrated bulletin of culture, scientific, educational, technical and commercial and industrial progress of Russia. Vol. 3 1914 p. 11
• Lenin V.I. Complete Works. volume 22.
• Victor Protopopov
• V.V. Rozanov The fate of "Black Ravens"
• John of Kronstadt and Grigory Rasputin