Emblem of Iran

The state emblem of the Islamic Republic of Iran is a heraldic badge consisting of a stylized tulip inscription “ Allah ” ( Arabic. الله ) in Arabic-Persian writing , composed of an image of a double-edged sword and four crescents , presented in abstract schematic form.

The double-edged sword and four crescents symbolize the Islamic dogma of monotheism - “There is no God but Allah” ( Arabic: لا إله إلاَّ الله ) and the Five Pillars of Islam . Above the sword is a sign signifying the double power of the sword (see shadda ).

The tulip shape is a tribute to an ancient belief according to which a red tulip grows on the grave of a fallen for Iran ^[1] .

The heraldic sign, consisting of two figures - the sword ( Persian شمشیر 'shamshӣr') and scales ( Persian ترازو 'tarāzӯ'), from the point of view of international emblem is a classic emblem meaning law, justice, represented by its two extreme manifestations: with a punishing hand and a balanced, wise decision ^[2] .

The state emblem of Iran was developed by the artist Hamid Nadimi and approved by Ayatollah Khomeini on May 9, 1980 ^[1] .

The Iran symbol is encrypted in the Unicode system and has the code U + 262B (☫).

Coat of arms of the Pahlavi dynasty

The Pahlavi dynasty, founded by Reza Shah , ruled in Iran from December 15, 1925 to February 11, 1979 , when the last Iranian emperor Mohammad-Reza Shah was ousted from the throne as a result of the Islamic Revolution.

The new dynasty retained the state symbolism of the previous Qajar dynasty , which ruled Iran since 1795. Under the Qajars, the Lion and Sun emblem was crowned with the “Keyanid Crown” of the Qajars, created back in Fath Ali Shah (right. 1797 - 1834 ). Under Reza Shah, the "Keyanid Crown" Kajarov was replaced by the "Pahlavi crown", created in 1924-26 in the image of the crowns of the Sassanid dynasty (kings. 224 - 651 ), especially for the coronation ceremony of Reza Shah, held April 25, 1926 "Keyanid Crown" and "Crown of Pahlavi" are now exhibits of the National Jewelry Museum of Iran and are stored in the Central Bank of Iran.

In September 1941, after the occupation of Iran by British and Soviet forces and the renunciation and exile of Reza Shah, his son Mohammad-Reza Shah was proclaimed Shahinshah of Iran. However, the official ceremony of his coronation took place only on October 26, 1967 .

The complete imperial emblem of Iran was created in the late 1940s. and was a combination of symbols of historical Iranian dynasties; he personified the 2,500-year-old uninterrupted statehood of Iran. The shield is oriental , four-part, in the center of which is a small (heart) shield with the coat of arms (originally the emblem) of the Pahlavi dynasty: Mount Demavend , due to which the Sun rises.

First quarter: “Leo and the Sun” ( Pers. شیر و خرشید ( shir o khorshid ): in the azure field there is a walking Leo , carrying the golden Sun on his back and holding a silver sword in his right paw.

Second quarter: in a purple field - Faravahar (( Persian فروهر ( faravahar )) - a kind of winged disk that acts as the main symbol of Zoroastrianism , depicting Fravashi, a kind of guardian angel in the Abrahamic religions. Initially it was a “winged sun” (a symbol of power and divine origin), to which a human image was later added.

In modern Zoroastrianism, Faravahar is understood as a vehicle of the human soul on its path to unity with Ahura Mazda . The Faravahar was adopted by the Achaemenids (648-330 BC) among the Babylonians as a symbol of the Supreme God - Ahura Mazda, as evidenced by the decoration of the buildings of Persepolis. In the coat of arms of the Pahlavi dynasty, Faravahar symbolizes the era of the Achaemenids. In the upper heraldic right corner of this quarter, the Faravahar is accompanied by the emblem of the sun. Until 1971, this field was silver with black figures, since 1971 it was purple with gold figures.

Third quarter: in the green , bordered with gold , Zulfikar field is the legendary sword of the fourth caliph and part-time first Shiite imam Ali ibn Abu Talib . It symbolizes the Arab-Muslim conquest of Iran and the Islamic history of Iranian statehood ( 651 to this day). Above, Zulfikar is accompanied by a golden five-pointed star.

Fourth quarter: in the azure field, Simurg is a mythical winged sea dog whose body is covered with fish scales and its tail is peacock. It symbolizes the era of two dynasties - the Parthian kings of Arshakids (250 BC - 224 AD) and the Persian kings of the Sassanids (224–651). The face of Simurg symbolizes domination over the three elements - earth, water and air.

Coat of arms of the coat of arms - turned golden lions with silver claws and scarlet mouths and tongues, holding silver swords with gold handles eastern swords. Lions stand on a gold ornamental foot. The shield is supplemented by a chain of the Order of Pahlavi.

On the azure motto ribbon under the shield, having a completion in the form of a golden fringe - the motto for the Persian. "مرا داد فرمود و خود داور است" ( Mara dad farmud o Khod Davar ast , "I have been commanded to be fair, and Himself is a Judge").

• Iran flag
• Anthem of Iran

• Heraldic Iran
• Pokhlebkin VV 255. SHAMSHIRE AND EDOLYAT // Dictionary of international symbols and emblems. - 3rd ed. - M.: Intern. Relations, 2001. - 560 p. ISBN 5-7133-0869-3 .