Sushkin, Konstantin Nikolaevich

^[1] Konstantin Nikolaevich Sushkin was born in 1879 in the village of Snoved of Ardatovsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod province to a family of mining and metallurgical craftsman Nikolai Afanasyevich Sushkin. The family had nine children - Vasily, Nikolay, Alexander, Mikhail, Konstantin, Vladimir, daughters Ekaterina, Elizaveta, Alexander. In 1883, the Sushins family moved to Kolomna . N. A. Sushkin began working at the Kolomna Machine-Building Plant : a foreman, head of a wheel shop.

In 1891 Konstantin Sushkin graduated from the course of the six-grade school at the Kolomna Plant and at the age of thirteen began working at the Kolomna Plant as a copyist in the steamboat bureau of the plant. As an external student, he graduated from the Moscow Higher Technical School .

KN Sushkin was directly involved in the design of many types of wide and narrow gauge steam locomotives for Russian railways created at the Kolomna plant in the pre-revolutionary period.

In 1907, under his leadership, a factory-type passenger locomotive 106 was created. The combination of a simple steam engine working on an overheated steam and a powerful boiler led to an excellent result. To increase the grate area, the boiler of a locomotive was raised above the frame. The height of its axis above the rails was more than 3 meters. Such a constructive solution opened up the prospect of a further increase in the power of steam locomotives. For this steam locomotive at the world exhibitions in Buenos Aires (1910) and Turin (1911). Kolomna Plant was awarded Grand Prizes ^[2] . In the course of the reform of the names of the series of locomotives of the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Empire, conducted under the direction of Yu.V. Lomonosov in 1912, these locomotives received the “K” series . The design of locomotives improved three times (factory types 109, 114, 121).

After leaving Felix Meinecke's factory (he was interned as a German citizen), from 1914 KN Sushkin became the head of the design bureau of the factory.

The special merit of K. N. Sushkina is that the scientific and technical potential was preserved at the Kolomna Plant during the Civil War.

In 1925, under the direction of K. N. Sushkin and engineer P. I. Takhtaulov, a passenger train 1-3-1 of the C series (reinforced Sormovsky) was created on the basis of the C locomotive . Thanks to the substantial improvements made to its design, this locomotive surpassed its predecessors in most parameters and for a long time became the main passenger locomotive of the USSR. In the period from 1925 to 1951, various factories produced more than 2,680 C locomotives ⁱⁿ 4 versions.

By the will of fate, the name of this machine was captured in the name of this car.

In 1931, under the direction of K. N. Sushkin, already the chief designer of the Kolomna Plant and at the same time the assistant manager of the Lokomotivproekt on the technical part (the design department created by the government’s decision at the enterprise, later the Central Locomotive Project Bureau), the commercial locomotive of the series FD (factory type 1P, "Felix Dzerzhinsky"). At that time it was the most powerful steam locomotive in Europe - its tangential capacity was 3000 liters. with.

In 1932, a team of TsLPB with the maximum use of the developments of the FD locomotive was created passenger locomotive 1-4-2, which was given the designation 2P, and later the series “IS” - “Joseph Stalin” . In 1937, steam locomotives of the IP series (EC20-241) were presented at the World Exhibition in Paris , where they won the Grand Prix award.

In 1932, under the direction of K. N. Sushkin, for the first time in the world, an electric-welded boiler at the Kolomna Plant created an all-welded boiler for a type 159 steam locomotive , which made it possible to reduce its weight by 575 kg. The boiler was installed on the steam engine 159-474 (serial number 6528). Subsequently, with almost the same boiler design, locomotives of type 159 were built according to the drawings of the Kolomna Plant by the Podolsk, Nevskiy and Novocherkassk plants. The locomotives built by these plants had all-welded tenders. ^[3]

Until his death in December 1937, K. N. Sushkin continued to work fruitfully to improve steam trains of the C series. As a result, the power of the locomotive was increased by another 10%.

K. N. Sushkin - a member of the technical council of the Kolomna plant, created on his initiative. He educated a galaxy of talented designers of locomotives, among them - the outstanding designer of Soviet locomotives L. S. Lebedyansky .

07/18/1931 - Lokomotivproekt Prize in the amount of 2,000 rubles for a 40-year impeccable activity in the field of locomotive building.

01/05/1932 - Certificate of merit from the Central Locomotive Design Bureau of the Kolomna Plant for a truly socialist attitude to work, high labor productivity indicators.

07/18/1936 - Gratitude of the plant management for the 45-year impeccable activity at the enterprise and a great contribution to locomotive engineering (for the development of a high-pressure steam engine, probably a B5 steam locomotive).

The descendants of N. K. Sushkina are working at the Kolomna Plant to this day. The total work experience of thirty representatives of five generations of this dynasty is 945 years. Most of them are engineering workers who, with their work and talent, contributed to the establishment and development of the plant, the introduction of innovative products and processes. In April 2017, the Governor of the Moscow Region presented the Gratitude of the Sushkin-Yusovs labor dynasty, which won first place in the contest “The Best Labor Dynasty of the Moscow Region” in the Industry nomination. ^{[4] [5] [6]}

NK Sushkina's nephew, captain-lieutenant Lev Mikhailovich Sushkin (1912-1943) - the famous sniper of torpedo attacks, the commander of the submarine "S-55" , was awarded two orders of the Red Star . As part of a group of submarines in 1942, the S-55 moved from the Pacific to the Northern Fleet through the Panama Canal . Admiral A. G. Golovko , who commanded the Northern Fleet in those days: “ Commander S-55 Sushkin became famous as a master of the doublet : he drowned two enemy vehicles with one torpedo salvo .” By the end of 1943, on account of the "C-55" there were five sunk and one damaged ship of the enemy. On December 29, 1943, the S-55 did not return from a combat mission, having blown up on a mine. ^{[7] [8] [9]}