A combination vaccine is a vaccine for the prevention of two or more infections . The use of a combination vaccine helps to relieve the vaccination schedule and reduce the number of procedures, but at the same time it has a higher cost [1] .
Combined vaccines are sometimes confused with multivalent vaccines [2] .
The first complex vaccine against diphtheria , typhoid fever and paratyphoid was used in France in 1931 for anti-epidemic measures in parts of the army and navy [3] .
In 1949, the adsorbed pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine was patented, and in 1971, the MMR vaccine ( measles - rubella - mumps ) [4] . Modern analogues of these vaccines are still used.
Combined vaccines in Russia
Domestic production:
- BuboKok ( whooping cough - diphtheria - tetanus - hepatitis B ) [5]
- Divacin ( measles - mumps ) [6]
- Vactrivir ( measles - rubella - mumps ) - expected to be registered in 2018 [7]
- DTP-HepB + Hib ( whooping cough - diphtheria - tetanus - HIB - hepatitis B ) - under development [8]
Foreign production:
- Priorix [9] , MMR-II [10] ( measles - rubella - mumps )
- Tetraxim ( pertussis - diphtheria - tetanus - poliomyelitis ) [11]
- Pentaxim ( whooping cough - diphtheria - tetanus - polio - HIB )
- Infanrix-Hexa ( whooping cough - diphtheria - tetanus - polio - HIB - hepatitis B ) [12]
Notes
- ↑ Mindlina A. Ya. New combined calendar vaccines . Vladivostok: All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference “New Technologies for Specific and Nonspecific Prevention of Infectious Diseases” (April 2014). Date of appeal September 25, 2018.
- ↑ Vladimirov A. Combined flu vaccine saves from the most severe viruses . Interlocutor (November 3, 2017). Date of treatment September 25, 2018. Archived November 3, 2017.
- ↑ Combined vaccines . Medical portal Eurolab. Date of appeal September 25, 2018.
- ↑ Historic Dates and Events Related to Vaccines and Immunization . Immunization Action Coalition (August 31, 2018). Date of treatment September 25, 2018. Archived September 3, 2018.
- ↑ Bubo-Coc (Bubo-Coc): instruction and use . Radar Drug Reference. Date of treatment September 25, 2018. Archived on April 4, 2016.
- ↑ Mumps-measles vaccine: instructions and use . Radar Drug Reference. Date of appeal September 25, 2018.
- ↑ Natsimbio has developed a new vaccine , Rostec (November 23, 2016). Date of appeal September 25, 2018.
- ↑ Nacimbio is working on a new multivalent vaccine , Rostec (May 26, 2017). Date of appeal September 25, 2018.
- ↑ Priorix (Priorix): instruction and use . Radar Drug Reference. Date of treatment September 25, 2018. Archived November 15, 2017.
- ↑ М-М-Р II (MMR II): instruction and use . Radar Drug Reference. Date of appeal September 25, 2018.
- ↑ Tetraxym (Tetraxym): instruction and use . Radar Drug Reference. Date of treatment September 25, 2018. Archived April 23, 2015.
- ↑ Infanrix Gexa (Infanrix Gexa): instruction and use . Radar Drug Reference. Date of appeal September 25, 2018.