Yunost is a hotel in the Khamovniki district of the Central Administrative District of Moscow , located at 34 Khamovnichesky Val .
| Hotel | |
| "Youth" | |
|---|---|
| A country |  Russia |
| City | Moscow |
| Type of building | Hotel |
| Architect | Yu. Arndt, T. Babusheva, V. Burovin, T. Vladimirova |
| Building | 1960 - 1961 |
History
According to the initial idea, the "hotel for foreign youth", later called "Youth", was to become part of the international tourist camp, the opening of which was planned for the 1967 World Exhibition . The exhibition was to be held in Moscow in honor of the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution . The venue in Luzhniki was chosen because of the proximity of the sports palace (convenient for public events) and the Sportivnaya metro station. The construction was financed by the Komsomol and was mainly financed by the proceeds of the lottery dedicated to the VI World Festival of Youth and Students . The hotel opened on the eve of the World Youth Forum in 1961, and the forum delegates became its first guests. After Nikita Khrushchev refused to host the World Exhibition, the project of the international camp was canceled, and the hotel continued to work. Subsequently, guests and participants of other youth festivals, the Olympics-80 , the Goodwill Games [1] settled in Yunost.
As far back as the late 1980s, the Yunost collective appealed to state bodies with a request to remove the hotel from the control of the Komsomol Central Committee, and in the early 1990s tried to privatize it for the organization of the Yunkom Theater and Cultural Center, which was jointly established with the Lenk Theater " [2] . The Moscow property denied the employees and the leadership of Yunost, as it considered the Russian Youth Union, one of the successors of the Komsomol, to be the hotel owner. Not satisfied with the answer, the Yunost collective addressed a complaint to the President of Russia , and Boris Yeltsin instructed Anatoly Chubais, head of the State Property Committee, to resolve the situation. He decided to confiscate the hotel building, put it on the balance sheet of the State Property Committee and lease it to Yunkom. The Russian Youth Union filed a lawsuit on the illegality of the decision of the authority, initiating a multi-year litigation, which in 1995 was resolved by the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation , repealing the decisions of the State Property Committee for 1992-1995. According to the court, at the time of adoption of these decisions, the question of the share of state investments in the construction of the hotel was not resolved: even if the Komsomol and its successors could claim a small share of the hotel, the actions of the state body were unlawful [3] [4] .
Architecture
The Yunost Hotel has become one of the first public buildings in Moscow, constructed using industrial panels from large panels. The architects also borrowed foreign experience in the work on the project: in particular, developments in the field of construction of apartment buildings presented at the Interbau exhibition in Berlin in 1957. Compositionally, the hotel building is a parallelepiped elongated in width, standing on the podium of the basement floor. The main volume of the building is almost completely glazed, which makes the structure visually easier and provides mutual penetration of external and internal space. This effect emphasizes the same rhythm of the location of the ceiling lights in the visor of the main entrance and the lobby. All rooms of Yunost had an area of 12.78 m², and their decoration, equipment and furniture were originally designed as standard. In the stylobate of the hotel, a youth club was equipped with a cinema hall for 500 people, which, according to the architects, could easily be transformed into a dance hall, library, billiard room and table tennis room [1] [5] .
Decoration elements were concentrated in the common spaces of the basement. The wall behind the reception desk was occupied by the colorful panel “Map of Moscow” (I. Pyatkin, I. Razuvaeva, Yu. Sharonov), made by tempera on wood-shaving plates; the transverse wall of the lobby was decorated with the panel “Space exploration” (B. Talberg), the bottom of the decorative pool the courtyard is an abstract ceramic mosaic (V. Muravyov), and the main decorative element of the auditorium was a silk curtain painted with images of flags of the UN member countries. The contrast with the usual plots and the technique of socialist realism in the design of the hotel was highly appreciated by art critics of that time. Subsequently, the interiors of the Youth were redesigned, and the facade was faced with granite . Since the opening, the hotel has never undergone major repairs, and in February 2016 the Moscow City Planning and Land Commission, chaired by the mayor of the city, Sergei Sobyanin, decided to reconstruct [1] [6] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Anna Bronovitskaya, Nikolai Malinin, Olga Kazakova. Moscow. The architecture of Soviet modernism 1955 - 1991 Reference Guide. - M .: Garage, 2016 .-- S. 42-45. - 328 p. - ISBN 978-5-9905612-7-4 .
- ↑ The court returned the Yunost Hotel to the Russian Youth Union . Kommersant (October 15, 1993). Date of appeal October 21, 2017.
- ↑ Ekaterina Zapodinskaya. The dispute over the Yunost Hotel: the fifth composition of the court . Kommersant (October 18, 1994). Date of appeal October 21, 2017.
- ↑ Ekaterina Zapodinskaya, Andrey Malykh, Alexandra Semenova, Oleg Stulov. State agency, the most disrespectful to the court . Kommersant (April 25, 1995). Date of appeal October 21, 2017.
- ↑ V.I. Agronsky. The Thaw and Soviet Modernism // Architecture of Russia. - M .: Eksmo. - S. 253. - 304 p. - ISBN 978-5-699-88361-5 .
- ↑ Hotel Yunost in Moscow will be reconstructed . IA Moscow City Council (February 10, 2016). Date of appeal October 21, 2017.