Nikolai Avdeevich Otsup (both accents are represented in contemporaries poems mentioning his last name; October 23 [ November 4, 1894 [1] , Tsarskoye Selo - December 28, 1958 , Paris ) is a Russian poet and translator, also known for his successful organizing and publishing activities in Russia and in exile (the first wave of emigration ). Brother of poets Georgy Raevsky and Sergey Gorny .
| Nikolay Otsup | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | October 23 ( November 4 ) 1894 |
| Place of Birth | Tsarskoye Selo |
| Date of death | December 28, 1958 ( 64) |
| Place of death | Paris |
| Citizenship | Russian Empire, France |
| Occupation | poet, translator |
| Direction | acmeism |
| Language of Works | Russian |
Biography
He was born into the family of Avdey Markovich Otsup and Elizabeth Semenovna (Rachel Solomonovna) Zandler. He graduated from Tsarskoye Selo Nikolaevsk gymnasium ; after graduation, in 1913, having laid a gold medal, he went to study in Paris , where he attended the lectures of A. Bergson , who had a strong influence on the young Otsup. Under the influence of Bergson and Gumilyov begins to write poetry. Upon returning to his homeland, he was enrolled in the historical and philological faculty of the Imperial Petrograd University , while simultaneously serving in the reserve regiment.
After the October Revolution, Gorky was invited to the World Literature Publishing House as a poet-translator, where he met with Nikolai Gumilyov and Alexander Blok; translated by R. Southey , J.N. G. Byron , S. Mallarmé . Along with Gumilyov and M. Lozinsky, he was the organizer of the recreation of the “ Poets ' Workshop ”, which published the first collection of Otsup’s poems, Grad (1921).
After the execution, Gumilyov decided to leave Russia and in the fall of 1922 went to Berlin , where he facilitated the re-publication of three almanacs of the “Workshop of Poets” and the release of the fourth. Soon he moved to Paris, where he released the second poetic collection "In the Smoke" (1926), which served as an introduction to Otsup's next work, the poem "Meeting" (1928). The East European Institute in Breslau published his study Die neueste russische Dichtung (1930, The Newest Russian Poetry).
In 1930, he founded the magazine " Numbers ", dedicated to issues of literature, art and philosophy, and served as a launching pad for many young representatives of Russian immigrant literature. In 1939, Otsup’s only novel, Beatrice in Hell, was published - about the love of a bohemian artist for a budding actress.
During the Second World War he served as a volunteer in the French army, was arrested in Italy and was held captive for more than a year and a half, made two escape from concentration camps (the second became successful) and since 1943 he took an active part in the Italian Resistance, for which he was awarded military awards. At the end of the war, he began to teach in Paris, École Normal , where in 1951 he defended his doctoral dissertation on N. Gumilyov, the first significant scientific work on the poet; prepared for publication the volume of the “Selected” Gumilyov. In 1950 he released the monumental "Diary in Poetry. 1935-1950 ”, a poem of the lyric-epic plan written by ten-line stanzas and designed to convey the defining property of the era - its eclecticism, which excludes the possibility of a consistent encyclopedic review of the century. The last lifetime work published is a play in the poems “Three Kings” (1958).
He died suddenly from a “heart break” (myocardial infarction), was buried in the Russian cemetery of Saint-Genevieve-des-Bois . Posthumously published two volumes of Otsup’s poems “Life and Death” (1961, Paris), two collections of his historical and journalistic works. In Russia, the most complete publication came out in 1993: Otsup. N. A. "Ocean of Time". SPb, Logos.
"His poems lead from description to reflection, are mainly in poems and a poetic diary - detailed and narrative. In them, Russian literature always becomes a subject of reflection or an object for comparison. Dante's Beatrice, which Otsup talks about in poems, novels and articles , is for him "the boldest synthesis of philosophy, theology and the real local human love" ("Literary Essays", p. 136). [2]
Detailed biography, family history, family tree - in the book of Rudolf Otsup "Otsupy - my family." [3]
Compositions
Books
- Hail. - 1921, 2nd ed. - Berlin, 1922, reprint Letchworth, 1976
- In the smoke - Paris, 1926
- A meeting. - Paris, 1928
- Die neueste russische dichtung. - Breslau, 1930
- Beatrice in Hell: A Novel. - Paris, 1939
- The diary in poems, 1950
- Three kings: The play. - Paris, 1958
- Contemporaries: Articles. - Paris, 1961
- Literary essays. - Paris, 1961
- Ocean of Time: Poems. Diary in verse. Articles and memories of writers. - SPb. : Logos; The Blue Horseman, Dusseldorf. 1993.
Publications
- Ark: Poetry of the first emigration. / Comp., Ed. foreword and comment. W. Crade - M .: Politizdat , 1991. - S.247-265. - 511 p.
Collected Works
- Life and death. In 2 volumes. - Paris, 1961
Notes
- ↑ Otsup Nikolay Avdeevich - Hrono.ru
- ↑ Cossack V. Lexicon of Russian literature of the XX century = Lexikon der russischen Literatur ab 1917 / [trans. with him.]. - M .: RIC "Culture", 1996. - XVIII, 491, [1] p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-8334-0019-8 . . - S. 300.
- ↑ Rudolph Otsup. Otsups are my family. Genealogical research. Second edition, revised and supplemented. Tel Aviv. 2007. - 152 p .; 73 ill., 1 paste.
Links
- “In the Smoke”, 1926: facsimile reproduction with a dedicatory inscription to Pavel Pavlovich Muratov
- Biography and poems
- Biography and poems by N. Otsup
- An article in the "Around the World"
- Nikolay Otsup on the website “The Century of Translation”
- Rudolph Otsup. Otsups are my family. Genealogical research. Second edition, revised and supplemented. Tel Aviv. 2007. - 152 p .; 73 ill., 1 paste.
- Ryzhkova-Grishina L.V. Philosophy of nature in the work of Nikolai Otsup // Russian Scientific Journal (List of Higher Attestation Commission). 2015, No. 2 (45). S. 64 - 68.