Eugeniusz Janota ( Polish. Eugeniusz Janota ; October 31, 1823 , Kent - October 17, 1878 , Lviv ) - Polish local historian, climber , teacher , priest, natural scientist, Germanist, writer, pioneer of nature conservation, one of the Tatra researchers [1] .
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| Scientific field | historian , linguist , ethnographer |
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Content
Biography
Born in the family of an official. The future scientist mastered schools, gymnasiums, pedagogical and philosophical (natural) courses in Szczecin and Tarnow in 1833-1842. He was a priest in remote parishes (as a punishment for excessive patriotism ). In 1860, he received a Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Cracow for his guide to the Babi Gora, Tatra Mountains and Penins . Soon he moved from Krakow to Lviv, where from 1873 he headed the Department of German Language and Literature History at Lviv University and became its professor. He was interested in meteorology, ethnography, botany, zoology, geology, geography, founded the publication of the monthly school, [2] . In 1876 he created in Lviv the Galician Society for the Protection of Animals, founded in 1876 and edited until the death of his publication. The author of popular books about animals. The first in ornithology to use a questionnaire method of collecting information. He was a member of the Regional Pedagogical Council in Lviv [1] .
Together with his friend, professor of the University of Krakow, zoologist M. Novitsky, Janota is the author of the unique, first in Europe company for the protection of wild animals in Galicia and the Tatra Mountains, mainly for humanistic, but not economic or scientific purposes. No wonder the Polish experts consider it was the beginning of the 60s of the XIX century. The starting point of modern Polish nature conservation. It was then that E. Yanota and M. Novitsky turned their attention to the need to protect goats and marmots in the Tatra Mountains. They published a special brochure regarding this, which was distributed for reading in rural parishes and schools. Then they drafted two decrees - on the protection of goats and marmots in the Tatras and on the protection of birds and bats, which were approved by the Galician Seym on October 5, 1868 [2]. The following year, the first decree was legalized by the Austro-Hungarian government, the second did not pass , despite the revision. Based on his motives, a draft law on the protection of birds and other useful animals was developed, and it was adopted not without the participation of a scientist in December 1874 [1]
E. Yanota and M. Novitsky, at their own expense, hired special watchmen to guard goats and marmots in the mountains, which was extraordinary at that time. According to Polish researchers, the success of the action depended largely on E. Yanota, who carried out propaganda work among the Galician clergy and teachers [2] .
Eugene Yanota was a member of the Archaeological Society in Lviv and the Tatra Society in Krakow. The author of the first monographs in Poland about the white stork, mole, beaver, moose, salamander, wolf [2] . The author of a monograph on the city of Bardeev (1862), in which there is a section on the life of the inhabitants of those places.
E. Yanota died on October 17, 1878 in Lviv, and was buried in the Lychakiv cemetery [2] .
Publications
- Janota E. Stosunek w zajemny idealu piekna, prawdy i dobra, oras sztuki do natury i rekodzielnictwa // W programie gimnazyum krakowskiego u sw. Anny, 1854.
- Janota E. Upomnienie Zakopianow i all Podhalanow, aby nie tepili swistakow i koz. - Krakow, 1865. - 17 s.
- Janota E. O potrzebie ochraniania zwierzat pozytecznych. Z dwiema tablicami Litografowanemi. - Krakow, 1866.
- Janota E. Sprawa ochrony zwierzat pozytecznych // Spraword. Komis. Fisjogr. Tow. Nauk. - Krakow, 1870 .-- S. 164-179.
- Janota E. Obrazki z zycia zwierzat. - Krakow, 1870 .-- T. 1, 2.
- Janota E. Pozyteczne i szkodliwe ptaki. W objasnieniu trzynastu tablic gospodarskich A. Hartingera, do uzytku szkol ludowych. - 1873.
- Janota E. Bocian. Opowiadania, spostrzezenia uwagi i. - Lwow, 1876.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Boreyko, 2001 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Polski Slownik biograficzny, 1964 .
Literature
- Encyclopedia of Ukrainian studies / V. Kubіyovich . - Paris; New York: Young Life, 1954-1989. (Ukrainian)
- Boreyko V.E. Geptner Vladimir Georgievich // Dictionary of Environmentalists . - 2nd ed., Ext. - K .: Kiev Ecological and Cultural Center, 2001. - 524 p. - ISBN 966-755-09-7.
- Lechicki C. Janota Eugeniusz // Polski Slownik biograficzny . - Wroclaw-Warsaw-Krakow, 1964 .-- S. 552–553.
- Lechicki C. Janota Eugeniusz // Polski Slownik biograficzny. - Wroclaw-Warsaw-Krakow, 1964.- T. 47.- S. 552–553.
- Kawecki Z. Stulecie nowoczesnej ochrony przyrody w Polsce (1868-1968) // Przeglad Zool. - 1968. - No. 3. - S. 249—261.
- Kawecki Z. Ustawy sejmu Galicyjskiego z roku 1868 i ich znaczenie dla nowoczesnei ochrony przyrody w Polsce // Ochrona przyrody. - 1970. - No. 35. - S. 7-23.
- Kzak T. Pamieci zalozyciela gal. Towarzystwa ochrony zwierzat // Miesiecznik galicijskiego Towarzystwa ochrony zwierzat. - 1901. - No. 3-4. - S. 17-22.
- MW-AB Eugeniucz Janota // Tygodnik illustrowany. - 1879. - No. 181. - June 14.
- Miesiecznic galicyjskiego Towarzystwa ochrony zwierzat. - 1876, 1877, 1878.