Garden "Eldorado" (also - Pedotti Garden ) - in the middle of the XIX century, an entertainment garden on the Neglinka River in the vicinity of the village of Suschevo to the north of Moscow [1] . Belonged to a prosperous Moscow confectioner of Italian origin Ludwig Ivanovich Pedotti [2] .
| Garden "Eldorado" | |
|---|---|
| basic information | |
| Established | mid 19th century |
| Location | |
| A country |
|
| Area | Northern Administrative District |
| City | Moscow |
| Underground | Airport |
Content
Description
| External Images | |
|---|---|
| Garden "Eldorado" on old maps of Moscow | |
| Garden on the maps of 1868 | |
| Garden on the maps of 1867 | |
| Garden on the maps of 1882 | |
History
In the middle of the XIX century, Ludwig Pedotti was a successful entrepreneur - his candy store on Tverskaya Street was considered the best in the city. Then in Moscow, only he sold foreign newspapers and magazines, and the royal gingerbread cookies and chocolates were of the highest quality. Pedotti wanted to compete with the formerly extremely popular Hermitage Garden at that time, for which he leased the garden from the Novosuschevsky Ponds in Suschevo on the outskirts of Moscow and organized an entertainment garden there [2] [3] .
There was a rivalry between the Hermitage and Eldorado, but soon their reputation began to differ:
| In the Hermitage, as usual, the evening ends earlier and ends quietly. Eldorado grabs time after midnight, and sometimes things go without adventure. The Hermitage has more etiquette, the Eldorado has more life ...Entertainment magazine, No. 31, 1859. P. 72 [4] . |
The garden was decorated by the popular master of " theater machinery " Fyodor Waltz, who worked at the Bolshoi Theater [5] . Gondolas floated on the ponds, and decorative inflatable figures were launched into the air [6] . Huge amounts were spent on decorations and lighting, so the entrance to the garden was paid - one ruble per adult and 50 kopecks per child. To attract wealthy Muscovites, Pedotti organized musical evenings, played the Gené Orchestra and performed a gypsy choir [4] .
Gradually the audience was fed up with "riotous entertainment." Changeable Moscow weather and a long cold season greatly reduced attendance. In addition, amusement gardens were taxed by the Directorate of the Imperial Theaters, the amount of which was constantly increasing [7] . The Eldorado Garden was closed in the early 1860s [8] .
Dumas Festival
The largest festival in the garden took place on July 27, 1858 in honor of Alexander Dumas . The writer was in Russia for the first time, in Moscow he stopped at the Naryshkin dacha in Petrovsky Park . In honor of Dumas, the thematic Night of the Count of Monte Cristo was organized in Eldorado [9] . That evening, Pedotti arranged all possible innovations in the garden: a firework show and - for the first time in Moscow - electric illumination [10] . The musical program of the evening was composed by the John William von Ranken Orchestra, the Tyrolean ensemble of Georg Piegger, the gypsy choir Grigory Sokolov, the orchestras of the Samogit Grenadier Regiment of Archduke Franz Karl and the Moscow Grenadier Regiment [11] [12] .
In 1908, next to the former entertainment garden, the restaurant of the same name was opened, which received the glory of the most reckless suburban establishment of its time [13] .
Modernity
The name of the garden is preserved in the names of local streets: at the beginning of the 20th century in Moscow there were four Eldoradovsky lanes . Three of them were subsequently renamed. The building of the Eldorado restaurant received the status of a cultural monument of regional significance [14] .
Notes
- ↑ Gorbunov, 2009 , p. 371.
- ↑ 1 2 Romance, 2003 , p. 63.
- ↑ Sarieva, 2013 , p. 231.
- ↑ 1 2 Sarieva, 2013 , p. 232.
- ↑ Prayer N. In the garden of time . - AST, 2008 .-- 480 s. - ISBN 978-5-9648-0177-1 .
- ↑ Romance, 2003 , p. 65.
- ↑ Sarieva, 2013 , p. 235.
- ↑ Sarieva, 2013 , p. 234.
- ↑ Shulgin A. In The Reflection of Eternal Flames . Lukoil International Magazine (2006). Date of treatment October 4, 2017.
- ↑ Buachidze, 2004 , p. 68.
- ↑ Gondolas sailed along the Maryina Grove: Alexander Dumas was honored with pomp in the gardens on Novosuschevskaya // Zvezdniy Boulevard: newspaper. - 2017. - March 26 ( No. 11 (521) ).
- ↑ Dumas A. Traveling impressions. In Russia. . - Moscow: Ladomir, 1993.
- ↑ Bokova V. Everyday life of Moscow in the 19th century . - Young Guard, 2010 .-- 576 p. - ISBN 978-5-235-03367-2 .
- ↑ No. 787-PP On approval of the list of historical and cultural monuments excluded by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 452 dated 05/05/97 from the List of objects of historical and cultural heritage of federal (all-Russian) significance and recommended for categorization of historical and cultural monuments of local significance . The official portal of the Mayor and the Government of Moscow (November 11, 1997). Date of treatment October 5, 2017.
Literature
- Gorbunov, Y. Moscow: Samotyoka: a description of the old Moscow region in the Neglinka and Naprudnaya river basins from Trubnaya Square to the villages of Suschev and Maryina Roshcha and from Sretenka and Meshchansky to Karetny Ryad and Krasnoarmeyskaya . - Moscow: Young Guard, 2009 .-- S. 371. - 397 p. - ISBN 9785235032279 .
- Black eyes: romance, music, history, culture . - Michigan: International Foundation for Humanitarian Initiatives, 2003. - T. 3. - S. 63-70.
- Buachidze GS L'anneau à chiffre: les aventures d'Alexandre Dumas en Russie et au Caucase . - Hermann, 2004 .-- S. 66-68. - 203 p. - ISBN 9782705664770 .
- Sarieva E. A. Entertainment in old Moscow. Essays on History (60-80 years of the XIX century) / under review by Khaichenko E.G., Maksimova V.N. - Moscow: State Institute of Art Studies, 2013. - P. 231-235. - 377 p. - ISBN 978-5-98287-042-1 .