Stimson, Henry Lewis

Born into a wealthy family of Lewis Atterbury Stimson and Candace Wheeler. Henry's mother died when he was 7 years old, and as a result, he was largely raised by his grandfather and grandmother. He studied at the Phillips Academy in Andover ( Massachusetts ), then at Yale , where he received a bachelor's degree in 1888. He was admitted to the Skull and Bones Society. He continued his education at the School of Law at Harvard University . In 1891 he joined the New York law firm Root and Clark, two years later became a partner. In 1893, Stimson married Mabel Wellington White, the great-great-granddaughter of one of the founding fathers of the United States, Roger Sherman; they had no children.

In 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt appointed Stimson as the prosecutor of the southern district of New York. In this post, Stimson actively pursued Roosevelt's anti- trust policies. In 1910, Stimson was a Republican candidate for New York City mayoral election, but lost the election. From 1911 to 1913, Stimson was Minister of War in the administration of William Taft . During the First World War he served in the army in France. He rose to the colonel of artillery.

In 1927, President Calvin Coolidge sent Stimson to Nicaragua to conduct peace negotiations to end the civil war in that country. From December 1927 to March 1929, Stimson served as Governor-General of the Philippines.

From 1929 to 1933 he served as US Secretary of State in the administration of President Hoover . He led the US delegation at the naval conference in London. When Japan occupied Manchuria in 1931 and created the puppet state of Manzhou , Stimson sent notes to the governments of Japan and China stating that the United States did not recognize the legality of any treaty or situation that would violate the rights of the United States or the Republic of China. Returning to his private life with the end of his presidency, Hoover Stimson remained an opponent of Japanese aggression in Asia.

In 1940, President Roosevelt appointed Stimson to the post of Secretary of War. Stimson leads the gigantic expansion of the small pre-war American army to 10 million soldiers. For this, a draft is introduced into the army. Stimson oversaw the creation of the atomic bomb, supervising the general manager of the Manhattan project, General Leslie Groves. Heading the Stimson struck out Japan’s cultural center Kyoto , where he had spent his honeymoon and replaced it with Nagasaki, from the list of targets for bombing. September 21, 1945, immediately after the surrender of Japan, Stimson, who was 78 years old, resigned.

He lived in his estate on Long Island, where he died in 1950.

• Obituary, New York Times, October 21, 1950
• Henry Stimson Center
• Larin M.Yu., Khvatov A.V. Unknown wars of Russia. - M .: LLC "House of Slavic Books", 2012. - 480 p.