Yuri Konstantinovich Artsybushev fr. Y. Artsyboucheff (Artsybusheff) (March 16 (28), 1877 - November 12, 1952) - Russian portrait painter, publisher, editor of satirical magazines in pre-revolutionary Russia.
| Yuri Konstantinovich Artsybushev | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date of Birth | March 16 (28), 1877 |
| Place of Birth | Moscow [1] |
| Date of death | November 12, 1952 (75 years old) |
| A place of death | from. Bakara (Bakkara) of the Kirov region Taldy-Kurgan region |
| A country | |
| Genre | portrait, caricature |
| Study | |
Content
Biography
He was born in the family of Konstantin Dmitrievich Artsybushev (1849-1901), a hereditary nobleman, a railway engineer, and his wife Maria Ivanovna nee Lakhtina (1859-1919) [2] . Father was a companion and friend of S. I. Mamontov , a well-known philanthropist who was friends with many artists: I. E. Repin, V. A. Serov, V. M. Vasnetsov and others. It is no coincidence that Yuri took the first painting lessons in the house of S. I. Mamontov. Yuri spent his childhood and youth in Moscow and in the family estate of Ust-Krestische (now the Soviet district of the Kursk region). He graduated from the Voskresensky real school in Moscow . In 1898 he entered the architectural department of the Higher Art School at the Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg, but did not finish the course.
In the fall of 1899, Yuri's father, K. D. Artsybushev, together with S. I. and N. I. Mamontov, was arrested on charges of illegally disposing of the capital of the board of the Moscow-Yaroslavl-Arkhangelsk railway . At the trial, the participants in the trial were acquitted, but they were already released bankrupt, and in 1901 K.D. Artsybushev died.
The death of his father made Yuri even more critical of the political order in the country. In January 1903, he, together with N. N. Alyabyev, the alleged chief editor, requested the publication in Moscow of the illustrated satirical magazine "Multicolor Vetrograd." The publication was not permitted, since N. N. Alyabyev was repeatedly implicated in student unrest.
In 1904, Artsybushev applied for permission to publish the illustrated magazine Spectator in St. Petersburg . June 5 was the first issue. The editors included G. E. Gints , I. Ya. Kagan, N. I. Faleev . Certain issues of the magazine were arrested, and on October 2, 1905 its release was completely banned, and in December of the same year the St. Petersburg Judicial Chamber opened a case against the editor-in-chief [3] . Yu. K. Artsybushev was imprisoned and sentenced to 2½ years in a fortress, appeal of the sentence saved him from prison, he was acquitted only in 1907. At this time, the magazine continued to be published under the name “Masks”.
In 1908, when it became obvious that the continuation of the magazine was impossible under the conditions of the upcoming reaction, Artsybushev returned to Moscow, where he began working for the theater, collaborated with opposition publications such as Ogonyok , Krivoy Mir mir, and the newspaper Rus . In 1909, he makes a series of drawings at the trial of the murderers of the deputy of the State Duma M. Ya. Herzenstein in Terioki.
In 1911, together with his wife, actress M.A. Artsybusheva , he participated in the creation of the Mamontov Theater of Miniatures , the surprises of the playwright Sergei Mamontov . Even before the theater opened, Sergey Mamontov unexpectedly left this enterprise. He publicly stated in newspapers that the reason for his departure was a fundamental discrepancy "in his views on the artistic tasks of the" theater of miniatures "with my companion in this matter, M. A. Artsybusheva." This put the theater in a difficult financial situation, Mamontov demanded the return of his investment. And although the aspiring actor Alexander Vertinsky tried himself in the role of Pierrot, and the gaining fame Tamara Karsavina and Vaclav Nizhinsky performed the tango, raising this dance to the heights of pure art, nevertheless the end of the theater was very sad. Its closure was accompanied by a series of scandals and lawsuits that relished the chroniclers. In the spring of 1915, according to one of them, Yuri Konstantinovich was even accused of “insulting the assistant to the sworn solicitor M.V. Muratov” (the creditor's confidant), and his brother Dmitry and brother-in-law A. A. Burakovsky were in violation of public order. D. K. Artsybushev and A. A. Burakovsky were acquitted, and Yu. K. Artsybushev was sentenced to arrest for two weeks [4] .
Starting in 1916, with the appearance of new signs of public revival, Artsybushev began a series of sketches of participants in various rallies, meetings and trials. The first series of drawings were made at trials of abuses in the army (summer 1916), over participants in food riots (autumn 1916), over agents of the Moscow Security Department (April 1917). At the end of 1916, Artsybushev dedicated a series of drawings to the Moscow City Duma
After February 1917, Artsybushev painted at the congresses of the All-Russian Union of Cities, the Russian Merchant Fleet, the All-Russian Congress of Railway Workers, and the Congress of Military Doctors.
In December 1918, the publishing house Knebel released the album "The dictatorship of the proletariat."
In 1917-1918 he painted portraits of political and social leaders of that time, for which he specially attended Smolny, attended meetings of the Petrograd Council and various meetings.
In 1918 he moved to the south of Russia, lived in Kiev and Odessa. On December 24, 1919, the Artsybushevs left Odessa for Serbia. And soon they moved from Belgrade to Paris. He lived in Algeria, France, Italy. He painted portraits of cultural figures in exile. In Paris, he entered the "Icon" society [5] .
In 1922 he worked on a series of portraits of the sailors of the Russian flotilla in Bizert, Tunisia, "From the Life of the Russian Navy in Africa."
In France, released the album "In memory of the departed." In 1926 he painted portraits of participants in the Russian Foreign Congress. Then in 1926, due to strong need, he sold 241 drawings from 1909-1925 (most with portraits) to the Russian Foreign Historical Archives (RZIA) in Prague. After the Second World War, this collection of drawings, together with the entire RZIA, was transferred to the Moscow Central State Archive of the October Revolution (now GARF ).
In 1946, Artsybushev and his wife received Soviet citizenship. In 1947, they returned to the USSR and were assigned to live in Tbilisi. Yuri Konstantinovich tripled in the decoration workshop of the Opera and Ballet Theater named after Shota Rustaveli, where he worked until 1950. In April 1952, by decision of the Special Meeting at the Ministry of State Security of the USSR, he and his wife were sent to special settlement in South Kazakhstan "as re-emigrants who arrived in Georgia from France."
Soon, being in exile, he died.
Family
- Wife - Maria Vasilyevna nee Burakovskaya (1882 [6] -?), Actress, before the revolution she led the troupe of the Miniature Theater in Moscow [7] , translated the libretto of the operetta “Nanny” Offenbach (M., 1911) [8] .
- Daughter - Galina (Galia Artsyboucheff) [9]
- Brother - Dmitry (November 21, 1878 - May 8, 1844) [10] [2] , he has a son Konstantin, a doctor in Florida, and son Peter (1924—?) [10] [11] .
- Sister - Olga (1881-1966) [12] , married to Evgeny Evgenievich Lansere (1875-1946) [2]
- Brother - Andrey (? -?) [2]
- Brother - Sergey (? -?) [2] , his son Mikhail, born in 1908 in Korocha, Kursk province, worked as a cartoonist in the Trud newspaper, was arrested on July 24, 1936 by the NKVD in the Moscow Region, and sentenced on April 10, 1937 by the CCA of the NKVD of the USSR in the Moscow region on charges of 58-10, 58-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR to 5 years in prison. He was rehabilitated on April 10, 1956 "for the lack of evidence of the corpus delicti" [13] [14] .
- Brother - Igor (1895-1942) [2] , he has a daughter, Tatyana, during the war she lived with the Lansere family [15] .
- Brother - Michael (? -?) [2]
- KS Stanislavsky was a cousin of Yu. K. Artsybushev [16] (the line of relationship is unclear).
Publications
- Artsybushev Yu.K. on August 12, 14 and 15 in Moscow. Drawings by Yu.K. Artsybushev at meetings of the State Meeting. M .: Publishing house D.Ya. Makovsky, 1917. 31 p., (85 drawings)
- Artsybushev Yu. K. Dictatorship of the proletariat in Russia . M., publishing house of the Partnership I. Knebel, 1918.
- “In memory of the departed. Autolithographs from nature. ”
- Faces of the seventeenth: (1917 in political portraits of Yu. K. Artsybushev): Album / Preface. O. A. Zimarina. - Moscow: Publishing house of VZPI, 1991. - 77 p. ISBN 5-7045-0187-7
- Portraits of the Russian revolution. Drawings by Yuri Artsybushev. From the collection of the State Archive of the Russian Federation. M .: OOO Kuchkovo Field 2017.332 s. ISBN 978-5-9950-0827-9 . (239 sheets from the collection of the GA of the Russian Federation, with the exception of 2 drawings of the 1909 trial of the murderers of M. Herzenstein)
- Yu. Artsybushev. From the memories of MA Vrubel.
Exhibitions
- In 2007, the GARF presented several drawings by Yu. K. Artsybushev at the large documentary exhibition “1917. Myths of revolutions. "
- 2008, State Historical Museum - "12 hours and 40 minutes of democracy. On the 90th anniversary of the first and only meeting of the Constituent Assembly, held on January 5, 1918."
- An exhibition from July 13, 2017 to August 20, 2017 in the State Archive of the Russian Federation. "1917. Drawings by the artist Yu. K. Artsybushev »
Links
- Petrusheva Lydia . Drawings of the artist Yuri Artsybushev in the State Archive of the Russian Federation. // Portraits of the Russian revolution. Drawings by Yuri Artsybushev. M .: 2017.S. 23-39.
- ARTSYBUSHEV Yuri Konstantinovich. Artsyboucheff (Artsybusheff) Y. // Art and Architecture of the Russian Abroad
Notes
- ↑ The place of birth is not precisely determined. There are indications [1] that it could be an estate in the village of Ust-Krestishche, Kursk province.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Rodovid - Konstantin Dmitrievich Artsybushev
- ↑ The Spectator (1905) // Brief Literary Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. A.A. Surkov . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1962-1978.
- ↑ Mamonovsky Theater
- ↑ Vzdornov G.I., Zalesskaya Z. E., Lelekova O. V. The "Icon" Society in Paris: In 2 volumes. - M .; Paris: Progress-Tradition, 2002: T. 1. - S. 103.
- ↑ MyHeritage - BURAKOVSKY (ARTSEBASHEVA) [Burakowski (Artsebasheva) ]
- ↑ Rodovid - Maria Alexandrovna Burakovskaya (Artsybushev) b. > 1870
- ↑ Writers of Russia. (Materials for the bio-bibliographic dictionary). Compiled by Yu. A. Gorbunov
- ↑ "Vers le Succès"
- ↑ 1 2 com / people / Dmitry-Artsybushev / 6000000016361141127 Dmitry Konstantinovich Artsybushev (inaccessible link)
- ↑ It is unclear whether the phrase from the article “Lancere caught the time.” Refers to Pyotr Dmitrievich // Brownie. : "The brother of Konstantin Dmitrievich Artsybushev went to camps directly from the station - he returned from exile to defend his homeland in World War II according to Stalin's call."
- ↑ Lansere Evgeny Evgenievich (1875-1946)
- ↑ Artsybushev Mikhail Sergeevich // Victims of political repressions in the USSR
- ↑ com / people / Mikhail-Artsybushev / 6000000037615765889 Artsybushev Mikhail Sergeevich // Geni.com (unavailable link)
- ↑ Pavel Pavlinov . "Well, here is the war ...". Evgeny Evgenievich Lansere. Creativity of the war years
- ↑ Petrusheva Lydia . Drawings of the artist Yuri Artsybushev in the State Archive of the Russian Federation. // Portraits of the Russian revolution. Drawings by Yuri Artsybushev. M.: 2017.S. 25.