Yakub (Yakov) Kazimir Stanislavovich Geishtor (Geishtar) (April 6 (18), 1827 , Myadeksha estate, Kaunas county , Vilnius province , Russian Empire - November 3 (15) 1897 , Warsaw , Kingdom of Poland ) - Polish-Lithuanian public and political figure , liberal journalist , [1] memoirist . Member of the Polish uprising of 1863-1864 .
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Biography
The landowner of the Kovno province .
He graduated from the Vilensky Nobility Institute, which taught in Polish. Then he studied law at the law faculty of St. Petersburg University . As a member of the Kaunas Provincial Committee, he participated in working out the conditions for peasant reform , in 1859 he wrote and published abroad his first journalistic work - “The voice of the nobleman to his brothers about peasant freedom and property”.
Since 1861 - a global intermediary. One of the leaders of the Polish uprising of 1863-1864 in Lithuania and Belarus. For political reasons, he supported the “White” group , was one of the leaders of the “White” rebel political organization during the preparation and start of the Polish uprising of 1863-1864 on the Belarusian-Lithuanian lands.
From February 27, 1863 he headed the Lithuanian Provincial Administration Department. He opposed K. Kalinovsky and other revolutionary democrats, who tried to turn the insurrection on the path of the agrarian revolution.
After the suppression of the uprising, he was arrested in July 1863 and sentenced to death, but pardoned and sent to hard labor. First, to Ufa, but then returned for additional investigation and sentenced to 12 years of hard labor in Siberia . In 1870-1873 - in exile in the Vyatka province . He was later amnestied. In 1873 he returned to his homeland. At first he lived in Suwalki , later in Warsaw , where he owned an antique bookstore.
He left behind the memoirs “Pamiętniki z lat 1857-1865” in 2 volumes - a valuable source on the history of the Polish uprising of 1863-1864.
He was buried in Warsaw at the Old Powzki cemetery.
Notes
- ↑ Geishtor Leonid Grigoryevich // Biographical reference book. - Minsk: Belorussian Soviet Encyclopedia named after Petrus Brovka, 1982. - V. 5. - S. [143] (stb. 737).
Literature
- Nikolai Pokrovsky. Last at the Mariinsky Palace: Memoirs of the Minister of Foreign Affairs. New Literary Review, 2016.
- Enceclapedia gistory Belarus. At 6 t. T. 2: Belitsk - Hymn / Belarus. Encekl .; Redcal .: B. І. Sachanka (Gal. Red.) Іnsh .; Mast. E.E. Zhakevich. - Mn .: BelEn, 1994. - 537 p., [8] c .: il. ISBN 5-85700-142-0 .