Carlos Merida ( Spanish: Carlos Mérida ; December 2, 1891 , Guatemala City , Guatemala - December 21, 1985 , Mexico City , Mexico ) - Guatemalan-Mexican painter , lithographer and sculptor . The famous representative of Mexican muralism .
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Biography
At first he studied at the Artesian Institute of the Arts, where he met and made friends with Jaime Sabartes and Carlos Valenti Perrillat from his youth. In 1910, he went with them to Europe. He studied painting in Paris (1910-1914). Since 1912 he attended classes at the Vitti Academy . In Paris, he met and maintained friendly relations with Pablo Picasso , Kes van Dongen , Ermenehildo Anglada Camarasa . After the outbreak of World War I in 1914 he returned to America, where his first exhibition was held in Guatemala.
In 1919, he married Delilah Galves against the will of his family, which caused him to leave for Mexico. Since 1920 he lived in Mexico City. In the 1920s, he was a member of the Syndicate of Revolutionary Painters, Sculptors and Engravers in Mexico, where he worked as an assistant to Diego Rivera .
In 1930-1933 he taught at the National School of Plastic Arts in Mexico City . He worked a lot in the USA, Mexico, European countries. In 1940 he took part in the international exhibition of surrealists in Mexico. Since 1942, he taught at North Texas State Teachers College in Denton , and later at the University of North Texas .
Creativity
Monumentalist artist. The author of a number of wall paintings and mosaics, in his works the influence not only on cubism , but also elements of pre-Columbian art of the indigenous peoples of Latin America is noticeable.
The works of K. Merida, often inspired by folk life and folklore , are made in a generalized silhouette-plane (in the 1950s in an abstract ) manner: paintings of the children's library of the Ministry of Education in Mexico City (1923), “Profiles” (watercolor, 1928), “ Images of Guatemala ”(50 prints, 1936),“ Carnival in Mexico City ”(1939), the series“ From the Old Mayan Myths ”,“ Sculptural Variations on Aztec Themes ”,“ Dancing of Mexico ”(1938, 10 lithographs), etc. Unfortunately , one of his main works, the painting of the Benito Juarez residential complex , with an area of more than 4000 m², was completely destroyed as a result of tate of the Mexico City earthquake in 1985 .
The author of the book "Modern Mexican Artists" (1937).
Recognition
In 1957, Merida won a prize at the IV Biennale in Brazilian São Paulo . The first major recognition of the artist was the award of the Order of Quetzal from the Government of Guatemala. This was followed by the awarding of an annual art prize by the Institute of Fine Arts in Guatemala. The first retrospective of Carlos Merida was organized by the Bank of Guatemala in 1966 .
In 1980 , Merida was awarded Mexico's highest award for foreigners - the Order of the Aztec Eagle .
Large retrospectives of the artist were held at the Palace of Fine Arts in 1981 and in 1992 .
The works of Carlos Merida can be found in large public and private collections around the world.
Memory
- The National Museum of Modern Art in Guatemala bears his name.
Literature
- Encyclopedic reference "Latin America". - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia. Editor-in-chief V.V. Volsky. 1979-1982.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 119199769 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ Union List of Artist Names - 2018.