Justicialista ( Rus. Hustisialista - “ justice ”) is an Argentine eight-axle two-section diesel locomotive with electric transmission . It was produced by the state company FAdeL ( Spanish: Fábrica Argentina de Locomotoras ) from 1951 to 1955 for the Ferrocarril General Roca railway. The first diesel locomotive of Argentinean design.
| FAdel CM1 Justicialista | |
|---|---|
| Justicialista | |
 | |
| Production | |
| Country of construction |  Argentina |
| Factory | FAdeL |
| Years of construction | 1951 - 1955 [1] |
| Chief Designer | P. Saccaggio |
| Total built | 2 [1] |
| Numbering | CM-1 - CM-2 [1] |
| Technical details | |
| Kind of service | Passenger |
| Axial formula | 4 0 -4 0 |
| Locomotive length | 39.116 m [1] |
| Track width | 1676 mm [1] |
| Diesel type | 2 × Sulzer 6 LDA 26 [1] |
| Diesel power | 2 × 1300 l. with. [one] |
| Gear type |  Electric |
| Traction generator | Oerlikon [1] |
| Type TED | English Electric [1] |
| TED output power | 215 liters with. [one] |
| Continuous Speed | 150 km / h |
| Exploitation | |
| A country | Argentina |
| Road | Ferrocarril General Roca [1] |
| Operation period | 1951-1961 [1] |
Content
History
In the mid-1940s, in connection with the import substitution policy of President Juan Peron , who proclaimed the special, Third Way of Argentina, "Argentina" of the country's economy began . State-owned factories produced such models of equipment as the Pampa tractor and the Hustisialista car , the Puma motorcycle, etc. The country's railways , formerly owned by English capital, were nationalized . To update the outdated fleet of vehicles, it was decided to build their own rolling stock [2] .
Pedro Celestino Saccaggio ( Spanish Pedro Celestino Saccaggio ), an Argentine engineer of Italian origin, developed a diesel locomotive. The prototype, which received the CM1 number and the personal name “Hustisialista”, was assembled in the railway workshops in the barrio of Buenos Aires Liners . Good marks obtained during the operation of CM1 led to the order of a batch of 610 diesel locomotives. However, the chief project engineer Pedro Saccaggio proposed to put into serial production a more advanced version - CM2 “La Argentina”, developed by him on the wave of success of the first locomotive. In order to produce diesel locomotives, in the framework of the first Argentinean five-year plan , on the basis of the workshops of Linyers, the FAdeL factory was founded ( Spanish: Fábrica Argentina de Locomotoras - “Argentine Locomotive Plant”) [3] . To equip diesel locomotives with engines in Cordoba , a motor assembly plant (now Materfer ) was built together with FIAT [3] .
280 FIAT engines were purchased in Italy, which, after the closure of the FAdeL plant, were subsequently used to assemble locomotives by GAIA [2] .
After the overthrow of Peron , state policy changed dramatically. During the onset of “deperonization,” the FAdeL factory was closed [2] . Design documentation and models were destroyed [4] .
Operation
The first locomotive - CM1 “Hustisialista”, was presented to the general public on October 19, 1951 in the immediate vicinity of the Retiro train station of Buenos Aires. The ceremony was attended by the President of Argentina, Juan Peron and the chief project engineer Pedro Saccaggio [4] . The first locomotive flight took place in the summer of 1952 on the line “ Station Constitucion (Buenos Aires) - Mar del Plata ” ( Marplatense express train, about 400 kilometers) of the Ferrocarril General Roca railway . The trip took 3 hours 45 minutes. In addition, the locomotive drove passenger trains to Bariloche (travel time - 22 hours 10 minutes) and Mendoza (11 hours 40 minutes) with an average speed of 145-150 km / h [2] [3] .
The second locomotive - CM2 “La Argentina”, cruised on the line “Buenos Aires - Mar del Plata”.
The military coup of September 16, 1955 led not only to the closure of the plant, but also to the change of personal names of diesel locomotives. Thus, Hustisialista turned out to be Libertad , and La Argentina - Roca . The name of Juan Domingo Peron and related was forgotten ...
CM1 and CM2 were operated until the early 1960s. In 1961, within the framework of Larkin’s plan, locomotives were disposed of, and their remains were cut and sold for scrap [4] .
See also
- Pagador Blindado PE-1
- Materfer CMM 400-2
- Emepa Alerce
- Materfer MTF-3300
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Fadel 'Justicialista' (Spanish) . Portal de Trenes . Date accessed August 31, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Domínguez, Ricardo J .. Desarrollo Industrial de los Ferrocarriles Argentinos (Spanish) , La Auténtica Defensa (18 de enero de 2008). Date accessed August 31, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 INDUSTRIA ARGENTINA - Ingeniero Pedro Saccaggio y la Fábrica Argentina de Locomotoras FADEL (Spanish) . La Baldrich (17 de noviembre de 2013). Date accessed August 31, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Del Corro, Fernando . A 60 años de que Perón presentara la revolucionaria “Locomotora Justicialista” (Spanish) , Ámbito Financiero , Buenos Aires: Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) (19 de octubre de 2011), P. 21. Date of access August 31, 2017.