Peter Nikolayevich Grabar ( September 10, 1898 , Kiev - † January 25, 1986 , Paris , France ) - French scientist in the field of chemistry , biochemistry , immunology , immunochemistry .
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| Awards and prizes | Geirdner International Award ( 1963 ) [d] ( 1958 ) Robert Koch medal ( 1977 ) |
Biography
Peter Grabar was born into a family of a hereditary nobleman. His father, Nikolai Grabar, is a senator, an adviser to the Court of Cassation in St. Petersburg, and his mother is Baroness Elizabeth Pritvice. Brother - Andrei Grabar - specialist in the field of ancient Christian and Byzantine art (Professor College de France , full member of the French Academy of Sciences ).
He studied at the Page Corps of Petrograd , the Chemical Engineering School (Lille), and the University of Strasbourg (Doctor of Sciences, 1930).
In exile since 1919. After studying, he moved to Strasbourg , where he received the post of head of the laboratory of clinical medicine at the University of Strasbourg (1926-1930). 1930-38 - Assistant of the Department of Biochemistry. How a scientist was formed under the influence of professor of medical chemistry Leon Blum : P. Grabar studied the biochemical properties of the pathogenesis of diabetes , developed methods for purifying insulin . In 1942, he defended his second doctoral dissertation at the Sorbonne on the theme “Development of a method for ultrafiltration of proteins.” In 1938 - headed the laboratory at the Pasteur Institute in Paris . To improve knowledge of immunochemistry, he interned in the USA with M. Heidelburger, the founder of this field of science. It was then that P. Grabar from a biochemist and a physicist-chemist was re-qualified as an immunologist. 1946-68 - Head of the Department of Chemistry of Microbes at the Pasteur Institute. In 1960 - appointed Director of the Institute for the Study of Cancer at the French National Center for Scientific Research in Villejuif. P. Grabar proposed to oncologists several methods for diagnosing a number of forms of cancerous tumors. The future development of science has confirmed the great promise of the research program of the scientist in the field of oncoimmunology.
P. Grabar, as a scientist, had high international authority. At the 1st International Congress of Immunologists ( USA , 1971), he was named among the 5 most outstanding immunologists in the world. His monograph “Immunoelectrophoretic analysis” (co-author P. Burten) has been translated into many languages. The scientist is the founder of the , his long-term president.
Rewards
Among the awards of P. Grabar, in particular, the Pasteur Prize, the silver medal of the French National Center for Scientific Research, the Bering International Prize for Immunology, and the French Institute Grand Prix.
P. Grabar - member of the French Resistance Movement , Cavalier and Officer of the Order of the Legion of Honor , Commander of the " Academic Palms ".
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 Paris Medical Academy - 1820.
Literature
- Pierre Grabard. I love when in the laboratory they sing and laugh. This means that everything is going well // Chemistry and life. - 1973. - No. 10. - S. 40–46.
- Nachruf von H. Cleve, Naturwissenschaften, Band 73, 1986, S. 728
- Grabar An old biologist remembers , Electrophoresis, Band 3, 1982, S.1