1860 at the theater

• October 2 - opening of the Mariinsky Theater building with the premiere of MA Glinka's opera Life for the Tsar .
• The magazine " Art " began to be published in Petersburg.
• A summer theater was built in Saratov , where the opera company subsequently performed.
• The first professional theater in Finland was founded in Helsingfors .
• Shakespeare Memorial Theater founded in Stratford-upon-Avon .
• The Meiningen Theater received court status.
• The Croatian National Theater was established in Zagreb.
• In Gujarat, the “Elfinston Theater Society” was founded by C. S. Nazir (it operated until the 1920s).
• Estevan Theater was established in the city of Matanas (renamed the Sauto Theater).
• In Philadelphia , the J. Drew Theater was founded.

Stage

• January 8 - in St. Petersburg, on the stage of the Alexandrinsky Theater , the first production of William Shakespeare's play “The Venetian Merchant ” was held in Russia (translation and stage processing of Apollo Grigoriev , in the role of Shylock - Vasily Samoilov ).
• October 10 - in St. Petersburg, on the stage of the Alexandrinsky Theater, the premiere of Alexander Ostrovsky’s play “ An Old Friend is Better than the New Two ” took place.
• October 14 - in Moscow, on the stage of the Maly Theater, for the first time, the comedy by Alexander Ostrovsky “ An old friend is better than the new two ” (in the performance of Borozdina 2nd) is shown for the first time.
• November 26 - in Paris, on the stage , the premiere of Maria Taglioni’s only ballet “ Butterfly ” (music by Jacques Offenbach , libretto by Jules Saint-Georges ) took place. The role of the main character, Farfalla, was performed by the ballerina Emma Livry .
• Presentation of the play “The Examiner ” by N.V. Gogol in favor of the literary fund ( Gorodnichy - A.F. Pisemsky , Postmaster - F.M. Dostoevsky , Khlestakov - P.I. Weinberg , merchant Abdulin - A.F. Koni , honorary figures cities and police - D.V. Grigorovich , N.A. Nekrasov , I.I. Panaev , I.S. Turgenev and others).

• drama "Rosas" (Op. 1852) by the Argentine playwright P. Echague.
• Free America by Demaria (1860) at the Argentino Theater (Buenos Aires).
• Mitro's “Indigo Mirror” at the National Theater (Calcutta)
• "Mother" of the Brazilian playwright J. di Alencara
• “ Zavis from Falkenstein ” and “King Rudolph” by Vitezslav Galek (Czech Republic).
• "Excerpt" (called "Sobachkin") by N. V. Gogol at the Alexandrinsky Theater.
• "Rip Van Winkle" by W. Irving . In the title role - Joseph Jefferson.
• “Feet Paws” by V. Sardou and “Travel of Mr. Perrishon” E. Labish at the “Gimnaz” Theater (Paris).
• Comedy V. Sardoux "Monsieur Gard" at the Theater Dejaz.
• The historical drama The Battle of Hermann G. Kleist (written in 1808).
• "Marcellina" Leopold Marenko (troupe K. Dondini, Turin).
• The drama “Luxury and Vanity” by Joaquin Manuel di Macedo.
• "Father of the family" I. E. Chernyshev at the Alexandrinsky Theater.
• Rosas Pedro Echague (Troupe F. Torres, Buenos Aires).

Dramaturgy and theatrical literature

• In Russia, a censorship ban has been lifted on the public presentation of W. Shakespeare’s tragedy “ Macbeth ” and A. N. Ostrovsky’s comedy “ We Will Count Our Own People ” (1849).
• The drama by A. F. Pisemsky, “ Bitter Fate ” (1859), was awarded the great Uvarov Prize.
• A play by M. Yu. Lermontov, “A Strange Man ” (1831), was published.
• In the journal "Library for Reading", No. 1, and a separate edition (St. Petersburg, 1860) published " Thunderstorm " by A. N. Ostrovsky (written and delivered in 1859).
• An article by N. A. Dobrolyubov “ Ray of Light in the Dark Kingdom ” about plays by A. N. Ostrovsky.
• Finnish playwright Alexis Kivi created the first version of the romantic tragedy “Kullervo” based on “ Kalevala ” (the first play in Finnish; the second version - 1864).
• The first Bengal historical tragedy “Princess Krishna” by Modhushudon Dotto (staged in 1867 by the Shobhabadjar Theater).
• “Kipselide” by Dimitrios Vernardakis (staged by the Athenian “Municipal Theater” in 1891).

• Adelaide Ristori tours in Russia (1860-1861).
• Friedrich Haase (Haase) joins the German troupe of the Mikhailovsky Theater .
• December 7 - B.-K. will debut on the stage of “ Comedy Francaise ” Coquelin Sr.

Born

• January 29 , Taganrog - Russian writer and playwright Anton Chekhov .
• January 26 [ February 7 ] 1860 , St. Petersburg - Vladimir Telyakovsky , Russian theater figure, administrator; the last director of the imperial theaters (1901-1917).
• February 20 - Danish actor and theater expert Karl Mantzius .
• March 12, Naples - Italian writer, playwright and theater historian Salvatore Di Giacomo .
• April 6 ( March 25 ) 1860 - Greek actor Evangelos Pandopoulos .
• April 3, Haarlem - Dutch writer and playwright Frederick van Eden .
• April 22 - American actress Ada Regan (Ryan).
• May 9, Kirrimur - English playwright, author of books about Peter Pan James Matthew Barry
• May 4 [16], 1860 , Revel County - Prince Sergei Volkonsky , Russian theater figure, director, critic, memoirist.
• June 25 - Spanish poet, playwright and theater historian Narsiso Diaz de Escovar .
• July 17 - American entrepreneur Charles Frohman .
• August 3 ( July 22 ) 1860 , Chernihiv province - Ukrainian actress Maria Zankovetskaya .
• October 3, London - English entrepreneur, founder of the Abbey Theater .
• October 17 [29], 1860 , St. Petersburg - Valerian Svetlov , Russian writer, ballet historian, theater critic, playwright, librettist.
• November 29, Prague - Czech actress Gana Kvapilova .
• December 13, Paris - French actor and playwright Lucien Guitry .
• ?, Signagi - Georgian actress and entrepreneur Maria Saparova-Abashidze .
• Russian actor Robert Adelheim
• Chinese actor Gui-Fen Wang (d. 1906).
• the German writer Bruno Wille , founder of the Free Folk Scene (Freyja Volksbühne; 1890) and The New Free Folk Scene (Neue Freye Folksbune; 1892).
• Russian actress Glafira Martynova .
• Austrian actor .

Died

• March 13 - Nikolai Peter Nielsen , Danish actor.
• August 25 - Johan Ludwig Geyberg , Danish poet, playwright and theater critic, director of the Royal Theater in 1849-1856, creator of the Danish national vaudeville.
• August 28 (16), 1860 , Kharkov - Alexander Martynov , Russian actor, one of the founders of the Russian school of stage realism.
• August 29 (17), 1860 - Russian actress Evelina Schmitgof .
• September 12 ( August 31 ) 1860 , St. Petersburg - Stepan Zhikharev , Russian writer, playwright and theatrical.
• December 21 (9), 1860 , Moscow - Dmitry Lensky , Russian playwright and actor, author of vaudeville.

• Theatrical Encyclopedia. In 5 vols. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1961-1967.
• Russian Theater 1824-1941. An illustrated chronicle of Russian theater life. In 2 vols. M .: Interros, 2006 . ISBN 5-98234-004-9

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