Kalinkovichi ( Belor. Kalinkavichy ) is a city in the Gomel region in the southeast of Belarus . The center of the Kalinkovichi district . The city of Kalinkovichi is located 122 km southwest of Gomel. Minsk is 275 km away. The population is 40,282 people (as of January 1, 2018) [2] .
| City | |||||
| Kalinkovichi | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belor. Kalinkavichy | |||||
| |||||
| A country |  Belarus | ||||
| Status | district center | ||||
| Region | Gomel | ||||
| Area | Kalinkovichsky | ||||
| Executive Committee Chairman | Sergey Alexandrovich Nail [1] | ||||
| History and Geography | |||||
| First mention | 1560 | ||||
| City with | 1925 | ||||
| NUM height | |||||
| Climate type | moderately continental | ||||
| Timezone | UTC + 3 | ||||
| Population | |||||
| Population | ▲ 40,282 [2] people ( 2018 ) | ||||
| Digital identifiers | |||||
| Telephone code | +375 2345 | ||||
| Postal codes | 247691, 247692, 247693, 247694, 247695, 247710 | ||||
| Car code | 3 | ||||
| kalinkovichi.gomel-region.by | |||||
Content
- 1 History
- 1.1 World War II
- 1.2 Post-war years
- 2 population
- 3 Economics
- 4 Transport
- 5 Education and culture
- 6 Health
- 7 Twin Cities
- 8 Notes
- 9 References
History
First mentioned in 1560 as the village of Kalenkovichi, Mozyr County, Minsk Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . In the middle of the XVIII century, there were 25 houses, they were the center of parishion (religious district).
After the 2nd division of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1793, they became a place in 36 households with a population of 116 men in Rechitsa County , which belonged to Prince Shakhovsky. In 1805, it became the property of the treasury, in 1866 there were 100 yards. Since 1882, Kalinkovichi was a railway station, in 1916 they became an important transport hub.
In 1925, the Kalinkovichi was given the status of a city. In 1939, many industrial workshops, educational and cultural institutions worked, a regional newspaper was published, and about 10 thousand people lived.
World War II
In August 1941, in the area west of the Kalinkovichi, the headquarters of the 3rd Army of the Central Front was located , and the chief of staff was Major General A. S. Zhadov .
August 22, 1941 during the Great Patriotic War, the city was occupied by the German army [3] . On September 20-22, the Germans created and completely destroyed the Jewish ghetto within the framework of the Jewish genocide policy [4] . During the years of occupation, the underground organization Smugnar, youth resistance, functioned in Kalinkovichi.
Kalinkovichi were liberated by the troops of K. K. Rokossovsky during the Kalinkovich-Mozyr operation on January 14, 1944 [3] . When liberating the city, 853 soldiers of the Belarusian Front were killed, including 15 Heroes of the Soviet Union . Raised the Red Banner on the building of the Kalinkovichi City Council, Nikolai Zhgun in 1969 became an Honorary Citizen of the Kalinkovichi.
In the story of Anatoly Ananyev, "The Small Screen" tells of the hostilities during the Kalinkovich-Mozyr operation. And ends with the phrase: "... Kalinkovichi taken."
Train Station | Monument to the Fallen in Afghanistan | The memory of Chernobyl |
Post-war years
Since 1963, the city has been subordinated to the region (currently it is a city of regional subordination). In modern Kalinkovichi, the main streets are built up with 2-5-9 and 10-story houses. 3 microdistricts created. It is one of the largest railway junctions in the Republic of Belarus.
In 1961, a coin treasure of the 17th century was found in the city. This is one of the largest finds of copper solid.
Kalinkovichi is the birthplace of the writers V. Kozko , E. Sergievich, Honored Art Worker K. Kozelko.
Church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God | Assumption Church | Catholic temple |
Population
| Population [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] : | |||||||
| 1897 | 1939 | 1959 | 1970 | 1979 | 1989 | 2006 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1300 | ▲ 9799 | ▲ 14942 | ▲ 23918 | ▲ 33405 | ▲ 40980 | ▼ 37774 | ▲ 40282 |
| National composition by census 2009 year | ||
|---|---|---|
| People | Number | % |
| Belarusians | 35,297 | 91.96% |
| Russians | 1883 | 4.91% |
| Ukrainians | 588 | 1.53% |
| Gypsies | 134 | 0.35% |
| Jews | 79 | 0.21% |
| Poles | 44 | 0.11% |
| Armenians | 29th | 0.08% |
| Azerbaijanis | 26 | 0.07% |
In 2017, 493 were born in Kalinkovichi and 446 died. The birth rate is 12.2 per 1000 people (the average for the district is 12.3, for the Gomel region - 11.3, for the Republic of Belarus - 10.8), the mortality rate is 11.1 for 1000 people (the average for the district - 16.5, in the Gomel region - 13, in the Republic of Belarus - 12.6) [13] .
Economics
The factories are working: reinforced concrete products, mechanical repair, household chemicals, furniture factory, meat processing plant, fruit and vegetable canning and bread products plant and other enterprises.
Transport
Railway junction to Gomel, Zhlobin, Brest, Ovruch. Located at the intersection of the roads Kobrin - Kalinkovichi - Gomel - Dobrush M10 , Bobruisk - Parichi - Ozarichi - Kalinkovichi - checkpoint Novaya Rudnya R31 .
Education and Culture
Of the educational institutions - Polessky Agrarian College, GPTU, 8 secondary schools and one gymnasium (former school number 9), a music school with two branches in the district, 2 sports schools, the House of Children's Creativity, the School of Arts, the House of Culture, libraries, and the museum of local lore. There are mass graves of Soviet soldiers and partisans, victims of fascism. Monuments of Liberation, pilots, tankmen, partisans and underground workers, internationalist warriors, a memorial Alley of Heroes have been erected. The newspaper Kalinkavitskaya Navina is published.
Health
There is a Central District Hospital, which includes 2 clinics.
Twin Cities
- Saransk . During the war, 50 soldiers from Mordovia fell in battles near Kalinkovichi.
- Salsk , Russia.
Notes
- ↑ District Executive Committee
- ↑ 1 2 Regions of the Republic of Belarus. - T. 1. - Mn. : National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus, 2018 .-- P. 80.
- ↑ 1 2 Liberation of cities. the USSR
- ↑ Smilovitsky L. L. Ghetto in the Gomel region: general and special, 1941-1942. // Comp. Basin, Y. Z. Actual questions of the study of the Holocaust in Belarus during the years of Nazi occupation: Collection of scientific papers. - Mn. : Ark, 2006. - Issue. 2 .
- ↑ Belarusian Savetskaya Entsyklapedyya: at 12 tons / gal. red P.U. Brock. - T. 12: BSSR. - Мn .: Belarussian Savetskaya Entsyklapedyya, 1975 .-- S. 697.
- ↑ All-Union Population Census of 1939. The number of urban population of the USSR by urban settlements and intracity regions . Demoscope Weekly . Date of treatment February 12, 2019.
- ↑ 1959 All-Union Population Census. The urban population of the Union republics (except the RSFSR), their territorial units, urban settlements, and urban areas by gender . Demoscope Weekly . Date of treatment February 12, 2019.
- ↑ 1970 All-Union Population Census. The number of urban population of the Union republics (except the RSFSR), their territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender . Demoscope Weekly . Date of treatment February 12, 2019.
- ↑ All-Union Census of 1979. The number of urban population of the Union Republics (except the RSFSR), their territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender . Demoscope Weekly . Date of treatment February 12, 2019.
- ↑ All-Union Census of 1989. The number of urban population of the Union republics, their territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender . Demoscope Weekly . Date of treatment February 12, 2019.
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook of the Gomel Region. - Gomel, 2014 .-- S. 44–46.
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook of the Gomel Region. - Mn. : National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus, 2018. - P. 45–47.
- ↑ Demographic Yearbook of the Republic of Belarus. - Mn. : National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus, 2018. - S. 164–166.
Links
- City of humor and treasures
- Heraldry of the city of Kalinkovichi
- Pamyatsky: Kalinkavitsky rayon : Guest-Dac. Chronicle garadoў rayanaў Belarus / Red.-Warehouse. Ferants V.R .; Redkal.: Pіlіpets V.I. (elder camіs.) Іnsh .; Mast.Zhakevich E.E., Minsk: Urajay, 1999.