Pratukan is a hypothetical restoring language-ancestor of the Tukan language family . It was distributed in the northeastern regions of the Amazon basin along the tributary of Vaupes [s 1] .
At the beginning of the 20th century, on the basis of collected data on the vocabulary of Tukan languages, linguists concluded that the Tukano family is independent of other languages of the Amazon [s 2] . Intensive linguistic research of Tukan languages began in the fifties of the XX century. In 1972, N. Waltz (Waltz, Nathan) and A. Wheeler (Wheeler, Alva) made the first attempt to reconstruct the Pratuan language. In 1987, Malone (T), the Proto Tucanoan and Tucanoan genetic relationship, [ p. 3] , devoted to the Pratuan language, came out.
Phonetics
In the reconstructed Pratucan language, there is a six-element vowel system [s 4] :
| Back row | Middle row | Front row | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Top lift | * i | * ɨ | * u |
| Medium rise | * e | * o | |
| Lower rise | * a |
Consonants
The hypothetical system of consonant phonemes in the Pratuan language is presented in the following table [s 4] :
| Lips. | Alveolar. | Chambers. | Velar. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| deaf. explosion. | * p | * t | * k | |
| ringing. explosion. | * b | * d | * ɡ | |
| fricative. | * s | |||
| approximation. | * w | * j |
Some works include in the phonetic system of the Pratukan language a guttural bow [s 5] .
In addition, the presence of nasalization is assumed, the sonorous sounds / * b, * d / correspond to the nasal / * m, * n / [s 5] .
Notes
- ↑ Julian Granberry. A Grammar and Dictionary of the Timucua Language. - University of Alabama Press, 1993 .-- S. 33.
- ↑ Thiago Costa Chacon, Johann-Mattis List. Improved computational models of sound change shed light on the history of the Tukanoan languages . - 2005. - January.
- ↑ Kristine Stenzel. A Reference Grammar of Kotiria (Wanano). - University of Nebraska Press, 2013. - S. 6-7 .
- ↑ 1 2 Janet Barnes. Tucano // The Amazonian Languages (Cambridge Language Surveys). - Cambridge University Press, 1999 .-- S. 209-210 .
- ↑ 1 2 Stephanie Farme. On Glottal Stop and Laryngealization in Tukanoa . - 2017.