Ekaterina Alekseevna Feoktistova (03/18/1915, Petrograd - 01/05/1987, Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk region) - Soviet scientist-researcher in the field of physics of fast processes, winner of two Stalin Prizes and the USSR State Prize.
| Ekaterina Alekseevna Feoktistova | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date of Birth | March 18, 1915 | ||||||
| Place of Birth | Petrograd | ||||||
| Date of death | January 5, 1987 (71 years old) | ||||||
| Place of death | Snezhinsk | ||||||
| Scientific field | explosives and nuclear explosion research | ||||||
| Place of work | |||||||
| Alma mater | Leningrad Institute of Chemical Technology | ||||||
| Academic degree | Doctor of Technical Sciences | ||||||
| Awards and prizes | |||||||
Biography
Born March 18 (March 31) 1915 in Petrograd. Father - noble, mother - merchants.
- 1933-1934 - chemical technician at the textile factory "Red Thread" in Kharkov.
- 1934-1935 - student of Kharkov University .
- 1935-1937 - student of the Kiev Industrial Institute .
- 1937 - as an excellent student, she was transferred to a special faculty of the Leningrad Chemical-Technological Institute , which she graduated in 1939 with honors with a degree in industrial engineering.
- 1939-1941 - Researcher and graduate student of LHTI.
- 1941-1942 - engineer-technologist of the Ural branch of the scientific mining society ( Sverdlovsk ).
- 1942-1943 - Senior Engineer at Plant No. 46 of the People's Commissariat of Arms (Sverdlovsk).
- 1943-1945 - Head of the OKB-44 laboratory of the same People’s Commissariat ( Kuntsevo, Moscow Region).
- 1945-1947 - Researcher, Senior Researcher and at the same time postgraduate student of LHTI. In 1947 she defended her thesis.
- December 1947-1951 - Senior Researcher, Laboratory No. 2, KB-11 ( Arzamas-16 ). She was engaged in research and development of explosive materials of a nuclear charge. She was one of the main researchers of the most powerful TNT / RDX explosive composition at that time, which was used in the first Soviet nuclear charges. Together with V. M. Nekrutkin (1914-1968) [1] developed an explosive composition with a low detonation velocity, which found practical application.
- 1951-1952 - in the same place - the head of the experimental group on obtaining superstrong pulsed magnetic fields and powerful pulsed currents using the energy of the explosion.
- 1952 - June 1955 - Head of the KB-11 laboratory for the study of explosive composition from RDX and TNT-loxocycline.
- June 1955-1958 - formally transferred to NII-1011 ( Snezhinsk ), continues to work in Arzamas-16 on improving the design of nuclear charges and studying the effect of radiation from an atomic reactor on explosive materials.
- since 1955 - at the NII-1011 (now the RFNC-VNIITF named after academician E.I. Zababakhin ): head. laboratory, since 1959 - head of one of the gas-dynamic departments, in 1979-1987 (after retirement) - senior researcher.
Doctor of Technical Sciences (1970).
Laureate of the USSR Council of Ministers Prize (1950 - for the development of new explosive compositions), the Stalin Prize of the second (1951) and third (1953) [2] [3] degrees, the USSR State Prize (1970 - for the development of a new small-sized nuclear charge, in which an octogen-based explosive composition was used, which significantly increased energy release).
She was awarded the Orders of Lenin (1956), the Red Banner of Labor (1951), and medals. Honorary Citizen of Snezhinsk (1975).
Husbands: until 1950 - David Abramovich Fishman , in 1950-1955 - Victor Mikhailovich Nekrutkin , twice winner of the Stalin Prize.
Sources
- https://web.archive.org/web/20170926142249/http://www.vniitf.ru/ob-institute/personalii/285-2009-07-14-03-08-52
- Feoktistova Ekaterina Alekseevna. [Biography] // In the orbits of memory: about the founders and creators of the Ural nuclear center. - 2009. - S. 632-640
- Volkov L.P. E. A. Feoktistova // Volkov L.P. Notes of the experimenter on participation in the Soviet atomic project. - Kaluga: Publishing house of scientific literature N.F. Bochkareva, 2007. - P. 52-54.
Notes
- ↑ Explosives are the life work of V. M. Nekrutkin (On the occasion of the 100th birthday) | Sarov local historian. 06/11/2019.
- ↑ Decree of the USSR Council of Ministers No. 3044-1304ss “On the award of Stalin Prizes to scientific and engineering workers of the Ministry of Secondary Engineering and other departments for the creation of the hydrogen bomb and new designs of atomic bombs.” December 31, 1953 // Atomic project of the USSR: documents and materials. T. 3. Book. 2. - 2009. - S. 107—122.
- ↑ Stalin Prize by Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 3044-1304ss dated December 31, 1953