Bebutov, Vasily Osipovich

Vasily Bebutov was born in Tiflis on January 1, 1791 in an Armenian family ^[2] . The clan of the Bebutov princes belonged to the oldest in Armenia , of Karabakh origin; subsequently, the Bebutovs moved to Georgia and occupied important posts here as hereditary rulers of Tiflis ( Meliks ) and jägermeisters (Miskarbashi) of Georgian kings. Great-grandfather of Prince Vasily Iosifovich, Ashkhar-Bek, Melik of Tiflis, was killed by the Turks for their loyalty to Tsar Teimuraz II ; grandfather, Vasily (aka Melik-Aga) received the title of Miskarbash for participation in the campaign of Nadir Shah in India and was in the reign of Heraclius II Tiflis Melik; the father of the prince, Joseph, at first the treasurer (molaret-uhutses) under the Georgian prince Iulon, later for participating in the campaign of the commander-in-chief of the troops in Georgia, Prince Tsitsianov against the Baku ruler, Huseyn-Kuli-Khan, in 1805 he was awarded the rank of colonel of Russian service. Brothers V.O. Bebutova: David (1793-1867, commander of the 2nd Horse-Muslim Regiment, then Transcaucasian Horse-Muslim Regiment , Warsaw Commandant, Lieutenant General), Gregory (1795-1862, chairman of the Tiflis Chamber of the Criminal and Civil Court ), Alexander (1803-1821), Paul (1806 — after 1827).

At the direction of Prince Tsitsianov, Prince Vasily Iosifovich was assigned to the 1st Cadet Corps in 1807, and having graduated with brilliant success, he left on December 12, 1809 as an ensign in the Kherson Grenadier Regiment , located in Georgia. Consisting of the adjutant of General Tormasov , he took part, during the Turkish campaign , in the battle of Akhaltsikhe (1810) and in a number of cases against the highlanders (in 1812). Produced as a second lieutenant on September 11, 1811, the following year, Prince Bebutov, as an adjutant to the Marquis Paulucci , was in the pursuit of MacDonald’s troops from Riga to Memel and during the occupation of Memel (December 15); as a reward for excellence, he was awarded the Order of St. Anne of the 3rd degree on January 12, 1813. On January 9, 1813, the Semenovsky regiment was transferred to the Life Guards , and three days later he received the rank of lieutenant .

In 1816, Bebutov returned to the Caucasus again, on May 22 he was appointed adjutant under the new chief of the region, A.P. Yermolov , was promoted to captains on August 29, 1816, and accompanied Yermolov at the emergency embassy in Tehran in 1817, where Bebutov was granted the Persian Order of Leo and the Sun of the 2nd degree, and, upon returning from Persia , made captains on March 14, 1819, was in two Dagestan expeditions that same year, under the personal leadership of Yermolov himself, and in 1820, when he conquered the Kazikumukh Khanate when composed of series Prince Madatova stormed Hosreh , August 18, was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir 4-th degree with a bow. January 4, 1821 Bebutov was enrolled in the lists of the Life Guards of the Moscow Regiment . At the same time, he was consecrated into Freemasonry in the St. Petersburg box of “Three Virtues” ^[3] .

On April 16, 1821 he was transferred to the 7th Carabinier Regiment , with production as colonels, and on July 23 he was appointed commander of the Mingrel Jaeger Regiment , at the head of which he remained until September 25, 1825, when he received command of the 2nd Brigade of the 22nd Infantry Division with the appointment of both the manager of Imereti .

Produced before the opening of the Turkish campaign as a major general (March 25, 1828) with the appointment of being the head of the 22nd Infantry Division, Prince Bebutov brought significant reinforcements from Georgia to the camp near Akhalkalaki on July 24, moved with troops to Akhaltsikhe, and on August 9 contributed to the defeat 30000th Turkish corps under etoyu fortress and 16 August was one of the main participants taking Akhaltsikh assault, for which he received a gold sword with diamonds and 18 December 1830 - Order of St. George 4-th degree (25 years of seniority in the officer rank); From August 17 Bebutov was the head of the local pashalyk. This appointment of Bebutov was very important: Akhaltsikh, lying on the outskirts of the Adzharian mountains, could be subjected to constant attacks by rebel tribes; the inhabitants of the pashalyk , who served for many centuries as a brothel of robbers who smashed Transcaucasia, were unreliable; but Prince Bebutov, thanks to a good acquaintance with local life, managed to maintain calm in the newly conquered region. In 1829, Akhaltsikh was attacked by the Turks , who, with the assistance of Akhmet-bek Adzharsky, made a desperate assault on the fortress, and only thanks to Bebutov’s energy and courage of the troops the assault was repelled; the garrison held the siege just as courageously, until the detachment of General Muravyov came to the rescue. The siege was lifted, and, pursuing the runaway enemy, Bebutov managed to capture two guns and two banners, then, detaching against General Burtsev against Akhmet-bek, inflicted a complete defeat on April 30 at Tsurtskaba. The award for Akhaltsikh to Prince Bebutov was awarded the Order of St. Anna of the 1st degree (March 29, 1829) and special thanks to the Commander-in-Chief Count Paskevich .

On February 13, 1830, Bebutov was appointed head of the newly conquered Armenian region, managing it for eight years, arranged the administration, established the correct distribution of taxes and state incomes and generally managed to firmly apply the provisional rules highly approved on June 23, 1833 ^[4] . Bebutov completed, by the way, the final demarcation of our possessions with Persia, for which he received the Persian order of Leo and the Sun of the 1st degree; the first sowing was carried out (December 4, 1830), the madder delivered to Erivan from Derbent , finished and consecrated on December 18, 1832, the Church of the Protection of the Mother of God in Erivan and February 22, 1837, on the basis of the Highest Command on March 11, 1836, opened the Armenian-Gregorian Synod in Echmiadzin . On April 4, 1838, Prince Bebutov was appointed a member of the council of the main directorate of the Transcaucasian region , on May 2, 1840 he was transferred to Poland and was at the main headquarters of the army, on April 19, 1842 he was appointed commandant of the Zamosc castle fortress; On October 10, 1843 he was promoted to lieutenant general, on December 5 of the same year he was enlisted as a member of the Separate Caucasian Corps , and on February 13, 1844 he was appointed to the post of commander of troops in Northern and Nagorno-Dagestan.

In 1845, Bebutov took part in the campaign against the murids and brought significant benefits to the cause; having cleared Andy and Gumbet, he set up a shop there and supplied the expedition troops with food; in the opposite movement, when the highlanders, animated by success, relentlessly pursued the convoy of his rearguard, he did not lose a single wagon. For these merits, he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir of the 2nd degree.

In the fall of 1846, Shamil , taking advantage of the dissolution of Russian troops in apartments, invaded the Darginsky district , but Prince Bebutov did not give him time either to develop an uprising or to gain a foothold in the occupied area: on October 13 he stormed the aul Aymyaki that was handed over to Shamil, and defeated him on his head on the 15th Shamil himself near the village of Kutishikhi. Shamil’s gathering, reaching up to 20 thousand at the beginning of the case, took to flight, with Shamil losing 1,200 dead and wounded, 300 prisoners, a mountain gun, charging boxes and an ax - the emblem of his power. Deputies from the villages of the Darginsky district appeared to Bebutov on the battlefield with an expression of humility, and by night no murid remained in the district. With the same energy, enemy crowds were scattered near the tracts of Tsukhedar and Khujal-Makhi.

On November 5, 1846, Bebutov received the Order of St. George of the 3rd degree No. 462 for his feat.

In 1847, Prince Bebutov, at the head of the Dagestan detachment, participated in the taxation and in the attack on the fortified village of Gergebil ; On October 12 he was awarded the Order of the White Eagle ; On November 8, he was appointed chairman of the Main Directorate Council and head of the civil administration of the Transcaucasian Territory and on August 30, 1849 received the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky , and his wife was awarded the Order of St. Catherine of the 2nd degree on December 6. In October 1850, Bebutov accompanied, for the illness of Prince Vorontsov , who traveled around the edge of the heir to Tsarevich Alexander Nikolaevich .

On September 27, 1851, he was awarded diamond badges for the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky , and on August 22, 1852 - a distinction for XL years of service and an annual rent of 2,000 rubles for a 12-year term.

On September 19, 1853, Prince Bebutov was entrusted with command over a special corps concentrated on the Turkish border from Akhalkalak to Erivani inclusive. With the outbreak of the Crimean War , Prince Bebutov, crossing Arpachai with 7,000 infantry and 2,800 cavalry, with 32 guns, defeated the 36,000th Reich-Akhmet Pasha corps near Bashkadiklar on November 19 (December 1), and took 24 guns, 10 charging boxes, banner, 10 badges, the entire camp and supplies. For this brilliant case, which defeated the Anatolian army, Prince Bebutov was granted the Order of St. George of the 2nd degree No. 96 on December 6, 1853, in the rescript of Nicholas I it was said:

The crown of glory of Prince Bebutov was a bloody battle on July 24, 1854 at the village of Kuryuk-Dara , where he defeated 60 thousand Turks under the command of Mushir Zarif-Mustafa Pasha with an 18-thousandth detachment. 15 guns, 16 charging boxes, 2 banners, 4 standards, 20 badges and more than 2,000 prisoners were taken from the enemy who had taken to flight. This feat was famous in soldier's and folk songs, and Emperor Nicholas I , having received a report, according to the stories of Caucasians, put it this way: “Prince Bebutov wants to surprise me with victory; I will surprise him with his reward. ” For the Kuryuk-Dar battle of Bebutov on August 9, 1854 he received the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called , - with the rank of lieutenant general - the award is almost unprecedented.

With the appointment on November 29 of the same 1854, N. N. Muravyov, the Viceroy of the Caucasus and the Commander-in-Chief, Prince Bebutov was entrusted with command of the civil unit and the troops that were not part of the current corps.

Produced on January 6, 1857 as a general from infantry, he lived in Tiflis all the time until his death (from cancer of the stomach).

A month before his death, on February 8, he was appointed a member of the Council of State . He died on March 10, 1858 in Tiflis.

Vasily Osipovich was married to Maria Solomonovna, nee Princess Argutinsky-Dolgoruky , their children: Joseph, Nikolai (1839-1904, Major General).

Bebutov was vice president of the Caucasian Society of Agriculture and chairing the local department of the Russian Geographical Society .

• Warrant Officer (12.12.1809)
• Second Lieutenant (09/11/1811)
• Lieutenant (12.01.1813)
• Headquarters Captain (08/29/1816)
• Captain (03/14/1819)
• Colonel (01/14/1821)
• Major General (03/21/1828)
• Lieutenant General (10.10.1843)
• General from Infantry (01/06/1857)

• Order of St. Anne , 3rd art. (12.01.1813)
• Order of St. Vladimir 4th art. with bow (08.08.1820)
• Order of St. Anne 1st Art. (03/29/1829)
• Golden sword “For courage” with diamonds (1829)
• Order of St. George 4th Art. for 25 years of service (12/18/1830)
• Insignia "For XXV Years of Immaculate Service" (1835)
• Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd art. (1845)
• Order of St. George 3rd Art. (11/05/1846)
• Order of the White Eagle (10/12/1847)
• Order of St. Alexander Nevsky (08.30.1849)
• Diamond signs for the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky (09/27/1851)
• Insignia "For XXL Years of Immaculate Service" (08.22.1852)
• Order of St. George 2nd Art. (12/06/1853)
• Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called (08/09/1854)
• Swords to the Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called "by right of accession" (05/05/1855)

Foreign:

• Persian Order of Leo and Sun 2 tbsp. (1817)
• Persian Order of Leo and the Sun 1 tbsp. with diamonds (1835)
• Portrait of a Persian Shah , adorned with diamonds (1851)

• List to the generals by seniority . St. Petersburg, 1857
• Bebutov, Vasily Osipovich, Prince // B (Blanc) gunpowder - Bomb. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-va I. D. Sytin , 1911. - S. 437. - ( Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 vol.] / edited by V. F. Novitsky [and others ]; 1911-1915, v. 4).
• Bebutov, Vasily Iosifovich // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
• Olshevsky M.Ya. the Caucasus from 1841 to 1866. SPb., 2003.
• Tarle E.V. Crimean War. T. 1-2.
• Shilov D.N., Kuzmin Yu.A. Members of the State Council of the Russian Empire. 1801-1906: Biobibliographic reference. SPb., 2007.