Krasnoyarovsk city (sometimes - the city of Krasny Yar) - an archaeological site, a medieval city located in the vicinity of the village of Utesnoe near the city of Ussuriysk, Primorsky Territory . It is identified with the Upper capital of the Jurchen state of East Xia by the city of Kaiyuan. The object of cultural heritage of federal significance number 251440099920006 [1] .
Description
On the hillfort located on the hill of the same name, defensive ramparts were preserved on the northeast side, about 8 km long and up to 5 m high, the citadel was separated by ramparts in the ramparts and there are traces of reservoirs, reserves of stone nuclei [2] . The size of the settlement is estimated at 180 hectares [3] . The monument contains rich archaeological material, for example, for the first time there were discovered objects of defensive weapons: three helmets and a shell, which made it possible to reconstruct an important part of the equipment of the Jurchen warrior [4] .
History and Learning
The settlement is considered a monument of the XII-XIII centuries. At the end of the existence of the settlement (after 1215), it was rebuilt and turned into the upper (main) capital of the Jurchen state of East Xia - Kaiyuan by order of Pusian Wannu (governor of the eastern provinces, which separated from the empire in 1215 and created the state of East Xia ) . By order of Khan Ugedei in 1233, Kaiyuan was captured by the Mongols, commanded by Prince Guyuk [5] .
The monument has been known since the 19th century, it was examined by such researchers of Primorye as Arseniev , Kropotkin and Lopatin . Regular archaeological research of the settlement has been carried out since 1995. Excavations began under the program of preservation of the historical heritage of the Russian Federation. The settlement was in the stage of destruction caused by cottage construction, and a military unit was located nearby. The first accidental find was the state press with the previously unknown motto of the ruler of the state of East Xia [3] .
Links
- ↑ Objects of cultural heritage - Krasnoyarovskoye ancient settlement. (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment August 29, 2014. Archived on September 3, 2014.
- ↑ The main archaeological sites of Ussuriysk on the official website of the Ussuriysk city administration.
- ↑ 1 2 It's time to get the history of ancient peoples out of the boxes: Primorye needs a museum of archeology - an interview with Nadezhda Artemyeva.
- ↑ A new type of Jurchen carapace - an article about finds from the ancient city.
- ↑ Russian Far East in antiquity and the Middle Ages. Archived March 7, 2016 to Wayback Machine / Ed. ed. J.V. Andreeva. - Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 2005. - P. 189. - ISBN 5-8044-0607-8