Baron Maximilian Alexandrovich von der Osten-Sacken (sometimes Maxim is German. Maximilian von der Osten-Sacken ; February 14 ( 26 ), 1833 , St. Petersburg - December 29, 1884 ( January 10, 1885 ), Tiflis , Russian Empire ) - Russian statesman , participant of the Caucasian War ; chamberlain (1874-1881), secret adviser (1881); Stavropol (1873–1876) and the Tiflis Governor (1876–1877), honorary guardian .
| Maximilian Alexandrovich von der Osten-Sacken | |||||||||
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| him Maximilian von der Osten-Sacken | |||||||||
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| Predecessor | Konstantin Ivanovich Orlovsky | ||||||||
| Successor | Gagarin, Konstantin Dmitrievich | ||||||||
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| Predecessor | Vlastov, Georgiy Konstantinovich | ||||||||
| Successor | Den, Vladimir Alexandrovich von | ||||||||
| Birth | |||||||||
| Death | |||||||||
| Rod | Osten-Sakenas | ||||||||
| Spouse | Solomeya Davidovna Chavchavadze (1848-1919) | ||||||||
| Education | SPb University | ||||||||
| Academic degree | candidate | ||||||||
| Awards |
Foreign
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| Years of service | 09.20.1854 - 21.1.1873 | ||||||||
| Affiliation |  Russian empire | ||||||||
| Battles | Caucasian war | ||||||||
Biography
Born in 1833 in St. Petersburg, where he graduated from the gymnasium course and in 1854 - the Imperial St. Petersburg University with a degree of candidate. After the university, with the rank of non-commissioned officer, he entered the military service in the reserve squadron of the Mariupol Hussars of His Majesty Prince Friedrich of the Hesse-Kassel Regiment .
Later he was a cornet of a squadron of the Pavlograd Leib-Hussars , and then a brigadier adjutant .
In 1857, he was appointed Head of the Caucasian Caucasian Governance General Directorate, and later Assistant Governor-General of the Prince George Romanovich Eristov of Kutaisi . In the Caucasus, for the first time he took part in hostilities with the mountaineers — as part of the Bzyb detachment, while laying a road in the Gumista gorge and the Dogu pass, as part of the Kodori detachment on ships and longboats, he took part in the landing in today's Sochi. He was awarded the cross "For service in the Caucasus" and the medal "For the conquest of the Western Caucasus . " He was retired from September 19, 1857 to June 17, 1859.
Since 1859, being a retired lieutenant , he served in the Mingrelian possession as an assistant to the Lechkhum district chief [1] . Then he was transferred to the senior official of special assignments under the manager of the Mingrelian possession and promoted to college secretaries [2] .
In 1861 he was awarded the title of the court chamber-Junker .
Carried out a trip to Constantinople with diplomatic letters to the Russian ambassador to the Adjutant General Count Nikolai Pavlovich Ignatiev , for which he was presented to the award of the Order of St. Stanislav of the 2nd degree with the imperial crown.
In 1865–1866, he was engaged in the preparation of legal provisions on the liberation of landlord peasants from serfdom in Kutaisi province and Mingrelia .
On January 13, 1868, he was awarded the next rank of court counselor with the appointment of Kutaisi Vice-Governor. In Kutaisi, he met and married the daughter of Lieutenant General David Alexandrovich Chavchavadze to Princess Solomey (Salome).
In 1872, being in the position of assistant to the chief of the Caucasian Postal District, he was awarded the title of court “in the capacity of master of ceremonies” [3] .
Stavropol Governor
On January 21, 1873, by order of the emperor, handed over to the Office of the Governor of the Caucasus, he was promoted to acting state councilor and appointed governor of Stavropol. He took office on March 10, 1873, and continued the work of ex-Governor Georgy Konstantinovich Vlastov on reforming civil authority in Stavropol and the province [4] .
In 1874 he was awarded the title of court chamberlain .
In 1875, with his participation, the railway from the city of Rostov-on-Don to Vladikavkaz was commissioned, and the Don Land Bank was opened. In November 1875, at the station of Nevinnomyssk, the Governor-General met the Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolayevich (the eldest) , who was one of the first to drive along the new railway.
Thanks to the efforts of the governor, the design of the railway from Stavropol to Tsaritsyn began. He also raised the question of celebrating the 15th anniversary of the capture of Imam Shamil in the province, but throughout the Caucasus. At the same time began collecting funds for the publication of books about the Caucasian War .
Charity occupied a special place in the activities of the governor. So in 1878 in Stavropol was established the Society to promote the spread of education, which was headed by the governor's wife - Baroness Solomea Osten-Sacken. With a population of 30 thousand people in the city there were 24 different educational institutions, where more than 2.5 thousand students studied. The task of the Society was the expansion of primary education in the city and province [5] . At the same time, the Society for the Restoration of Orthodox Christianity in the Caucasus was established in the Caucasus educational district.
The development of medicine was expressed in the obligatory opeprivivanii whole population of the Stavropol province.
Further activities
On May 24, 1876, by Government Decree No. 20081, the Imperial Decree was communicated to the Governor regarding his transfer to the post of Tiflis Governor .
In 1877 he was transferred to the post of manager of the quarantine and customs part in the Caucasus and beyond the Caucasus [6] .
In 1881 he was promoted to secret advisers and in this connection he lost the court title of chamberlain. He was an honorary guardian of the Board of Trustees of the institutions of the Empress Maria in St. Petersburg, a member of the councils of the Patriotic Institute and the Elizabeth School .
He died in 1884 in Tiflis.
Family
- Father - Alexander Rembert von der Osten-Sacken (2.12.1791 - 2.11.1866, Wiesbaden)
- Mother - Natalie Luise von Engelhardt (11/16/1806 - 8.3.1841, St. Petersburg)
- His wife is Princess Solomeya (Salome) Davidovna Chavchavadze (1848-1919), the daughter of Lieutenant-General David Alexandrovich Chavchavadze (1817-1884).
- Daughter - Natalia (December 6, 1868, Kutaisi -?), Married to Nikolai Kapsa (from Romania)
- Daughter - Baroness Anna Maksimilianovna (August 14, 1870, Kutaisi - 03/22/1931, Nice), married to Major General Peter Levanovich Melikov (1862-1934).
- Daughter - Maria (May 22, 1872, Tiflis - November 4, 1882, St. Petersburg); buried in the Smolensk Lutheran cemetery [7] .
- Daughter - Olga (27.2.1874, Stavropol -?), Married to Lieutenant-General Constantine von Brummer (1856-1930, Paris)
- Daughter - Sofia (5.7.1876, Stavropol - 13.8.1954, Berlin), married to Sudogodsky district nobleman Andrei Alekseevich Tregubov (1869-1935); married had a son, Yuri (1913-2000).
Awards
- Medal "In memory of the war of 1853-1856"
- Insignia for participation in the reforms to abolish serfdom. (1863)
- Cross "For service in the Caucasus" (1864)
- Order of St. Stanislav 2nd degree with the imperial crown (1866).
- Medal "For the Conquest of the Western Caucasus"
- Order of St. Vladimir 3rd degree (1874).
- Order of St. Stanislav 1st degree (1879).
- Order of St. Anne 1st Class (1883).
- foreign
- Order of Leo and Sun 2 nd degree with a star (1865)
Notes
- ↑ In m. Lailashi // Mingrelian possession // Address-calendar. The general list of all official persons in the state, for 1860 - 1861. Part II. Authorities and places of management gubernsk., Regional, district, uezd. urban and their departments. - SPb. : Printing House of the Imperial Academy of Sciences , 1860. - Stb. 473
- ↑ In Mingrelian ownership // Address-calendar. A general list of commanders and other officials for all departments in the empire, and for the main departments in the Kingdom of Poland and in the Grand Duchy of Finland in 1861-1862. Part II. Authorities and places of management gubernsk., Regional, district, uezd. urban and their departments. - SPb. : Typography of the Imperial Academy of Sciences , 1861. - Stb. 423
- ↑ bn Maximil Aldrov. von der Osten-Sacken // As master of ceremonies: // Court staff // Address-calendar. The general list of commanding and other officials in all departments in the Russian Empire for 1872. Part I. Authorities and places of central management and their departments. - SPb. : Printing house of the Governing Senate , 1872. - Stb. 6
- ↑ Ceremonial Court of His Imperial Majesty . The appeal date is July 7, 2017. (unavailable link)
- ↑ Anastasia Sharov. Stavropol in different years was ruled by Polish noblemen and Greek peasants . The date of circulation is July 7, 2017.
- ↑ Bar. von der Osten-Sacken Maximilian Aleksandrovich // List of civilian ranks of the fourth class. Volume I. Corrected on March 1, 1878. - SPb. : Printing house of the Governing Senate , 1878. - T. I. - p. 812-813.
- ↑ Osten-Sacken-von-der, Baroness Maria Maximilianovna // St. Petersburg Necropolis / Comp. V.I. Saitov . - SPb. : M. M. Stasyulevich Printing House , 1912. - T. 3 (M — P). - p. 329.
Literature
- Bar. von der Osten-Sacken Maximilian Aleksandrovich // List of civilian ranks of the fourth class. Corrected on May 10, 1873. - SPb. : Printing house of the Governing Senate , 1872. - p. 1206.
- Bar. von der Osten-Sacken Maximilian Aleksandrovich // List of civil ranks of the first three classes. Corrected on October 1, 1883. - SPb. : Printing house of the Governing Senate , 1883. - p. 530-531.