Stardust crusaders

Setting

Hirohiko Araki originally conceived to create a trilogy, where in the third part Dio Brando , the main villain of the first part of the Phantom Blood manga, should once again return as a villain and fight against another descendant of Jonathan Jostar. Araki traveled to the countries of the Middle East and North Africa , in which he drew his inspiration in creating the third part of the manga - Stardust Crusaders , where India and Egypt became the main sites of action ^[4] . Also, the film “ Around the World in 80 Days ” served as the main inspiration for Araki ^[5] . In addition, the manga author always seeks to “mysterious” his plot: from childhood he was drawn to mysticism, as he said in an interview ^[6] .

To make the plot and battle scenes more interesting, mangaka decides to abandon “concentric light waves” as an instrument of battle and created a new concept of superpower that can not only act at a distance, but also be able to hit the enemy directly ^[5] . Thus, the characters in the third part of the manga can use "stands" - the embodiment of their spiritual power, having, as a rule, the appearance of human-like spirits with different abilities. Later they become an integral part of the JoJo universe. Many stands look like American superheroes or mecha-robots ^[4] . The idea to create stands appeared in the manga under the inspiration of the manga Tetsujin 28-go , where the main character could control the robot on a remote control ^[7] . Also, when they were created, Araki drew inspiration from Shinto teachings, as well as tarot cards ^{[5] [8]} . Because of the ability to create an infinite number of different stands with unique abilities, Araki called them his new “gold mine” ^[5] . Araki also decides to develop a plot in the style of a card game , where many different characters with their own stands with individual abilities come to grips with each other ^[6] . Creating another character with a stand and drawing scenes of battles, Araki was inspired by completely random things or natural phenomena that the mangaka met in his daily life, "it could even be an ordinary object, like a cup for coffee." Creating the stands of enemies, Araki emphasized magic and otherworldly forces ^[9] .

Mangaka admitted that most of his acquaintances referred to the fact that the third part of the franchise became popular precisely because of the introduction of the “tournament” narrative format. However, Araki believes that battles in his manga cannot be considered full-fledged tournaments; In particular, Mangaka noted that the format of tournaments typical of most Shonen products has a significant drawback: each new battle requires a rate increase to maintain the reader’s interest, which is that the hero improves his skills and faces increasingly powerful opponents . Such scenarios lead to the fact that sooner or later the plot will either have to be completed, or the battle scenes will look less realistic, becoming like “battles between gods”, which will keep interest only among old viewers. Araki, however, avoided each new enemy becoming stronger than the previous one, and supported the interest of the viewer with unique combat strategies that were used by opponents depending on their stand strength and the environment ^[10] .

Among other things, the plot is noticeably extremely weak participation of women. Araki explained this by the fact that in the 80s it was normal to depict active characters only by men, while women were supposed to be passive and tender. The creation of a "macho woman" carried too high risks, and the reader could simply not accept such a character. Along with a change in public opinion, female characters in the later parts of the Jojo manga will play a much more active role and sometimes more than men ^[11] .

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When creating Zootaro, Kujo Araki sought to make a character unlike the main characters from the previous two parts of the manga. So, Jonathan Jostar looked too correct and serious, and Joseph Jostar - too crazy ^[12] . Araki noted that when creating a hero, he adhered to the principle that the hero does not have to be a virtue, but there must be a certain dilemma in front of him, the solution of which he seeks during the plot. Mangaka considers the ideal when the hero follows his noble goals, even in spite of public opinion and the risk of becoming an outcast. Such an “ideal hero”, according to Araki, was the characters played by actor Clint Eastwood , the films with which the manga was seen as a child ^[13] . So, on the basis of this character, Zotaro Kujo himself was created, which, like Clint, “does not run, his movements are minimal, he is laconic”. ^[12] . Mangaka sought to create Zotaro independent, able to cope with the task without the support of allies, because, according to Araki, the viewer does not like the hero who is not able to act independently, without the support of the others ^[13] ; on the contrary, the allies rely more heavily on the hero, and Zotaro, possessing both high intelligence and discipline, acts as the leader of the team and his compass. At the same time, Araki sought to convey a frightening aura to a character, “even when he only keeps his hands in his pocket” ^[11] . Mangak considers the connection between the character’s personality and his appearance to be just as important; ideally, the reader should at a glance immediately understand what kind of person he is in front of him in order to trust the character more ^[14] . Another, no less important thing Araki considers giving the characters the weaknesses and limitations with which he is forced to put up and solve his problems. On the one hand, the author is difficult to endow his characters with flaws, but at the same time it gives the character a "three-dimensionality"; the viewer begins to empathize with him. On the other hand, it is equally important to show how the character is morally and physically developing for the better ^[15] . Presenting Zotaro Kujo to the viewer, Araki deliberately demonstrated the contrast between how obedient the hero was in his childhood and became a rebel, creating the message that something had happened during that period of time. This, according to mangaki, is an effective example of how the reader can quickly instill interest in the character ^[16] . His costume, reminiscent of the Japanese school uniform , symbolized modernity as opposed to Joseph and Jonathan, who are historical figures ^[17] .

Remaining characters

In addition to the main character Zotaro, Araki decided to create a team of allies to demonstrate the contrast between the main character and the development of relationships with him, that is, the "formation of chemistry." For example, Jean-Pierre Polnareff was created as a character- gag : he is not very clever and is the main source of humor in the plot ^[18] . The character of Abdul Araki gave the ethnic traits of a North African citizen, which, as it were, heralds to the reader that the setting will be linked to the Middle East and Egypt ^[19] . The introduction of Joseph Jostar, the main character from Battle Tendency , was explained by the desire of his fans in the new part of the old heroes, although Araki himself was opposed to the return of the character just for the sake of nostalgia. But he did it, justifying himself by the fact that Joseph was seeking to save his daughter, since this corresponds to the character of the character. Initially, Araki conceived that because of his age, Joseph would “get out of the game,” but decided to make him an active ally and give the role of a mentor explaining the problem to the young Zhetaro and what stands are. Joseph’s own stand has the shape of a vine and is not capable of attack, but is effective in support. As planned, Araki jamon and stands are of the same nature, as they are the life energy that emanated from the character. As conceived by the mangaki, a vine-shaped stand covering the body of Joseph is nothing but the embodiment of his jamon ^[20] .

Creating a separate character, Araki deliberately gave them individual traits and appearance, so that they attracted the reader in their own way, without competing with the main character Zetaro ^[18] . The idea to create a group of allies appeared under the impression of the 1954 film “ Seven Samurai ”, where a team of completely different characters is also represented, but which share a common destiny and strengthens their strong friendship ^[19] .

Working on the team of the main character, Araki faced some difficulties, in particular, he noticed that any writer, working simultaneously on a group of characters, would invariably face plot deadlocks and inconsistencies that need to be resolved in some way. Being engaged in the development of the plot, it is necessary to devote the same time to individual heroes, while continuing to take into account their personal characteristics and abilities. If the author neglects this, then his characters are of the same type, and this, in turn, can cause failure ^[21] . Another problem is the need to create a variety of characters. In particular, the mangaka noticed that by creating the first three characters, difficulties would not arise, however, by creating the fourth or fifth character, the reader notices that they will somehow resemble the first created characters. Mangaka noted that this should not be allowed, since the characters will immediately begin to lose their individuality. In conclusion, Araki believed that the ally character should not be like or even more interesting to the main character, because the plot rests precisely on the main character, and it doesn’t matter what features he has: it could be a disgusting character, hated by the readers, but it should not overshadow the minor character ^[18] . Many readers noted that when creating Araki’s enemies, he paid special attention to Hal Horse, even drawing a color cover along with the characters. Based on this, it was assumed that Hall Horse had to go over to the side of the heroes, as happened with Kakoyin and Polnareff. Araki admitted that Hall Horse, as a negative character, he really liked, especially with his position “Why be number one, if you can be number two?”, That is, hide in the shadow of an ally and act from ambush. However, problems arose when Araki noticed that Hall Horse’s personality intersects with Polnareff’s personality, and the same problem arose with the stand, whose abilities are similar to those of Kakoin. Also, the mangaka failed to establish clear limits on the capabilities of the Horse stand. As a result, the mangak came to the conclusion that, as a hero, the Horse would have turned out to be secondary, and decided to leave him a villain ^[22] .

Knowing that the manga will be multi-part, Araki also carefully thought out occasional villains and their stands, which are found in large numbers. Mangaqi’s task was to preserve the reader’s interest in manga, for which, for example, he formed alliances of several enemies ^[22] .

Creating minor characters, Araki first thought through their abilities, stands, as in the plot they were introduced primarily to face in a fight with the characters. Then the mangaka created the character himself, whose actions directly depended on the strength of his stand. Araki also decided on the basis of his abilities what character traits, appearance and weaknesses a particular person should have ^[9] . Mangaka admitted that he became attached to his created characters and even cried when he “killed” them in the plot. He noted that he was trying to avoid the common mistake of the mangak, who make their characters "immortal", which undoubtedly spoils the quality of the story and deprives the plot of tension ^[9] . Showing Dio, Araki deliberately gave him mystery and showed in the image of a silhouette to intrigue the viewer and increase the feeling of tension that the main character will have to face him ^[10] .

Creating a character named Enya Gale, an ally of Dio, Araki was inspired by the archetype of an old witch from a horror movie, and she is a logical explanation of why Dio knows and owns a booth. The basis for Enya’s stand was also horror films, in which a mysterious virus, arrived from space, hit people, turning them into living corpses. Ji Gale's stand, her son and another important antagonist, has the appearance of a mummy and a mermaid, which is also a reference to horror films ^[23] .

The manga began its release in the magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump in 1989 and lasted until 1992. During this time, 152 chapters were released and compiled into 18 volumes ^{[24] [25]} . In 2012, the first chapters of the manga were released in color and digital form for reading on smartphones and tablets.

The manga itself, along with Phantom Blood and Battle Tendency, was reissued and released from December 1, 2013 to January 4, 2014 in hard-cover volumes. Images for the covers painted Hirohiko Araki in accordance with his new artistic style. ^[26] The manga itself has also become widely known due to the OVA-series , based on the manga, which also turned out to be in the USA ^[4] . At first, manga volumes were issued monthly, but later the issues were reduced to quarters. The first volume was released on November 8, 2005, and the last on December 7, 2010 ^{[27] [28]} . In the English version of the manga, many characters have other names, and in some scenes there is censorship, in particular, the author of the manga redrawn scenes with violence against animals ^[4] . The manga heads were also produced in France by the companies J'ai Lu and Tonkam ^{[29] [30]} , and in Taiwan by the companies Da Ran Culture Enterprise ^[31] and Tong Li Publishing ^[32] .

In 1992 and 1993, based on the third part of the manga, three parts of the drama CD were released under the title: JoJo's Bizarre Adventure Volume 1: Meet Jotaro Kujo ( jap ジ, o re の の 奇妙 な 冒 険 第 巻 巻 巻 J ) Adventure Volume 2: The Death of Avdol ( я ョ ョ ジ ョ ョ の 奇妙 な 冒 険 険 第 2 ア ヴ ド ル 死 す の 巻 ) and JoJo's Bizarre Adventure Volume 3: The World of Dio ( j . 3 ョ の 奇妙 の な ::::::::: 3: The World of Dio 巻 ) . The main character of Zoetaro was voiced by Kiyoyuki Yanad , Kenji Utsumi (first and second parts) and Zero Naya (third part) was voiced by Joseph Jostar, Akio Otsuka was voiced by Avdola, Sho Hayami - Kakuoyn, Ken Yamaguchi - Polnareff, Keithi Nah Nah Nah Nah Nah Nah Nah Nah Nah Nyu Nha Nachi Ji Gale and Norio Vacamoto - Dio. ^{[33] [34] [35]}

On November 4, 1993, the first novel based on the Stardust Crusaders by Hiroshi Yamaguchi was released ^[36] .

A number of video games have been created based on JoJo's Bizarre Adventure manga. The first computer role-playing game called JoJo's Bizarre Adventure ( Jyo ジ ョ ё ョ の な 険 険 険 Jojo no Kimuyo no Bo: ken ) , based on the third part of the manga, was released in 1993 for the Super Famicom game console ^[37] .

In 1998, Capcom released the second arcade game of the same name - fighting , also based on the third part of the manga ^[38] . The game has become a bestseller in Japan ^[39] . Обновлённая версия игры, выпущенная через год для игровых приставок PlayStation и Dreamcast , получила название JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Heritage for the Future ( яп. ジョジョの奇妙な冒険 未来への遺産 ДзёДзё но Кимуё на Бо:кэн Мирай э но Исан ) ^[40] . В августе 2012 года была создана новая версия игры в формате с высокой чёткостью изображения для PlayStation Network и Xbox Live Arcade ^[41] .

В других поздних играх, таких, как JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: All Star Battle ( яп. ジョジョの奇妙な冒険 オールスターバトル ДзёДзё но Кимуё на Бо:кэн О:ру Сута: Батору ) 2012 года выпуска и JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Eyes of Heaven ( яп. ジョジョの奇妙な冒険 アイズオブヘブン ДзёДзё но Кимуё на Боːкэн Аидзу Обу Хэбун ) 2015 года выпуска также присутствует сюжет Stardust Crusaders .

На основе третьей части манги студией APPP были выпущены два OVA -сериала. Первый OVA-сериал JoJo no Kimyou na Bouken ( яп. ジョジョの奇妙な冒険 ) состоит из шести серий и начинается с середины третьей части манги. Он выпускался с 19 ноября 1993 года по 18 ноября 1994 года. Второй OVA-сериал под названием JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Adventure ( яп. ジョジョの奇妙な冒険 ADVENTURE ) выпускался с 25 мая 2000 года по 25 октября 2002 года, его сюжет разворачивается с начала третьей части манги.

В октябре 2013 года стало известно о выходе аниме, основанного на сюжете Stardust Crusaders . Режиссёром аниме выступил Наокацу Цуда, а над созданием сериала работала студия David Production . Выход сериала состоялся в апреле 2014 года ^[42] . Сериал транслировался с 4 апреля ^[43] по 13 сентября 2014 года. В отличие от OVA-сериала, аниме-сериал достоверно пересказывает сюжет манги и демонстрирует каждого оригинального персонажа ^[44] . Второй сезон, включающий в себя вторую часть сюжета Stardust Crusaders, выходил с 10 января года по 20 июня 2015 года. В английской озвучке имена некоторых персонажей были изменены для избежания проблем с авторскими правами.

В конце июля 2014 года вышло первое дисковое издание второго сезона Jojo . DVD версия заняла четвёртое место в списке бестселлеров в Японии с проданными 2,165 копиями по состоянию на 28 июля — 3 августа ^[45] , Blue Ray версия заняла второе место с 9,946 проданными копиями ^[46] . С 25 по 31 августа второе DVD-издание заняло 8 место с проданными 2,356 экземплярами ^[47] , а Blue-ray — третье место с 9,398 копиями ^[48] . Третье издание также попало в список бестселлеров, DVD-версия заняла 11 место с 1,799 проданными экземплярами ^[49] , а Blue-ray — четвёртое с 8,541 копиями ^[50] .

Music

Открывающаяся тема STAND PROUD ко второму сезону аниме-сериала, снятому по мотивам третьей части манги — Stardust Crusaders была выпущена 23 апреля 2014 года. Текст к песне написал Сёко Фудзибаяси, музыку — Такаку Вакабаяси, а сам саундтрек исполняет Дзин Хасимото ^{[51] [52]} . Саундтрек занял самое высокое 11 место в списке хит-парад синглов Японии по версии Billboard ^[53] . Для закрывающей темы была использована музыка из сингла 1986 года женской рок-группы The Bangles — Walk Like an Egyptian . В качестве открывающая темы ко второй части третьего сезона использовалась песня ДзёДзё Соно Ти но Кёку ~end of THE WORLD~ ( ジョジョ その血の記憶～end of THE WORLD～ ^? , JoJo Sono Chi no Kioku ~end of THE WORLD~ ) , которую исполнила японская музыкальная группа JO☆STARS ~TOMMY,Coda,JIN~, состоящая из певцов; Хироаки Томинага, Кода и Дзин Хасимото, каждый из которых по отдельности исполнял музыку к предыдущим открывающим темам аниме Jojo . Для закрывающей темы использовалась музыка американской джаз-фьюжн группы Pat Metheny Group — Last Train Home 1987 года. Тем не менее в 27 серии к закрывающей теме использовалась иная музыка Аку-яку Кёсоːкёку ( アク役♢協奏曲 ^? , Evil Concerto ) , которую исполнил Макото Ясумура и Макото Кумаи , которые также озвучивали персонажей Оинго и Боинго, после был выпущен анимационный клип ^[54] . Новая версия данной песни также звучала в качестве закрывающей темы в 36 и 37 сериях, исполнителями выступили Хидэнобу Киути и Макото Кумаи, озвучивавшие в аниме персонажей Хол Хорса и Боинго. Композитором музыкального сопровождения к двум сезонам аниме-сериала выступал Юго Канно ^[55] .

Первый альбом ко второму и третьему сезонам аниме-сериала JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders OST [Departure] ( яп. ジョジョの奇妙な冒険 スターダストクルセイダース OST[Departure] ) был выпущен 30 июля 2014 года второй — JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders OST [Journey] ( яп. ジョジョの奇妙な冒険 スターダストクルセイダース OST [Journey] ) был выпущен 27 августа того же года в составе ограниченного BD/DVD издания ^[55] . Третий альбом Stardust Crusaders (World) ( яп. ジョジョの奇妙な冒険 スターダストクルセイダース OST [World] ) был выпущен 22 апреля 2015 года также вместе с первым ограниченным Blu-Ray изданием ^[56] . Четвёртый и последний альбом JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders OST [Journey] ( яп. ジョジョの奇妙な冒険 スターダストクルセイダース OST [Journey] ) был выпущен 27 августа 2014 года, а саундтреки записывались с участием оркестра ^[57] .

Манга Stardust Crusaders и её персонажи — Дио Брандо и Дзётаро Кудзё — остаются самой популярной и узнаваемой частью большой франшизы JoJo's Bizarre Adventure , так как тут впервые появляются стенды — физические воплощения духовной силы ^{[4] [58]} . В частности, фанаткой персонажа по имени Дзётаро является, например, известная японская певица Кяри Памю Памю и во время своих выступлений часто принимает культовые позы Дзётаро и других персонажей из манги. Кроме того, она назвала свою собаку Jojo и для интервью также надевала косплей персонажа Дзётаро. ^[59] Позу Дзётаро также использовал Клинт Иствуд , известный американский актёр, для фотографии в журнале в честь 25-летия манги. Иствуд также лично встречался с Хирохико Араки, автором манги ^[60] .

В обзоре Stardust Crusaders критик сайта Comic Bastards отметил, что, с одной стороны, в сюжете есть много странностей, с другой — в нём есть множество комедийных моментов. Персонажи представлены чрезмерно и неестественно массивными ^[61] . Другими критиками был отмечен банально-простой сюжет, который закладывается с самого начала, а также индивидуальность каждого героя. ^{[62] [63] [64]} .Критик сайта ootb-media отметил, что сюжет манги превосходен, и её легко читать. Главный герой Дзётаро получился холодным: он не джентльмен, как Джонатан, но и не обманщик, как Джозеф. Дио возвращается и становится ещё более харизматичным, чем в первой части манги. Сюжет удачно балансирует между юмором и серьёзностью ^[65] .

Anime

Ник Кример, представитель Anime News Network , при обзоре третьего сезона аниме-сериала Stardust Crusaders отметил общую абсурдность и комедийность сюжета, которая, однако, не портит картину, так как вселенная Jojo никак не претендует на реалистичность и заманивает зрителя яркими сюжетными поворотами и сценами сражения. Введение стендов — эдаких боевых аватаров вместо хамона стало главным преимуществом сериала, так как благодаря им бои стали ещё красочнее и добавили большего разнообразия в общий сюжет. Сюжет аниме сводится к «длинной и глупой дорожной поездке» с периодически встречающимися злодеями, и героями, состоящими из восхитительных идиотов; Жан-Пьер-Польнареффом — главным источником всей абсурдной комедии, Нориаки Какёином, который однажды угрожающе посмотрел на злобного ребёнка и Джозефом Джостаром, не способным сдерживать свои эмоции. Тем не менее сериал радует глаз своей эстетикой, ярким визуальным стилем, достоверно передающим атмосферу манги и отлично подойдёт любителям экшена, зрелищных сцен и юмора. Среди основных недостатков, критик заметил слабое и непорядочное развитие сюжета; каждая серия по сути представляет собой независимую историю ^[66] .

В обзоре первой серии второго сезона аниме-сериала 2014 года было отмечено, что качество графики и анимации заметно улучшилось по сравнению с первым сериалом ^[62] . Критика сайта geekenstein , что сериал рассказывает непосредственно историю о самом Дзётаро Кудзё и отлично передаёт несколько замысловатый мир jojo , и позволяет окунуться в него новым зрителям. Первые серии аниме быстро устанавливают основной сюжет ^[63] . Критик сайта japanator отметил, что, несмотря на качественную графику, в ней прослеживается значительное влияние старого аниме, что даже отражено в музыке и звуковом сопровождении, вследствие попытки максимально чётко передать сюжет манги-оригинала. Сам сюжет довольно прост и закладывается с первых серий, и сам по себе больше похож на большое шоу. Забавным получился старик Джозеф, которых духом остался молодым подростком. ^[64]