Brilliant beauty (male) - one of the usual types of dragonflies in the fauna of Ukraine
Ukraine (including the disputed territory of Crimea [K 1] ) on the map of Europe
List of dragonflies of Ukraine - a list of species of dragonflies ( lat. Odonata ), which were registered in Ukraine . Dragonflies - a detachment of ancient amphibious well-flying insects . These are relatively large insects, with a moving head, large eyes, short bristle-like antennae, an elongated slender abdomen and four transparent wings with a dense network of veins. Dragonflies are active specialized predators that feed on insects caught on the fly. All representatives of the group lead an amphibious lifestyle - eggs and larvae develop in the aquatic environment, and adults (adults) live on land, having mastered the air environment.
Content
Species diversity
Topographic map of Ukraine
The dragonfly squad in Ukraine is represented by two suborders : the winged dragonflies (Zygoptera) and the winged dragonflies (Anisoptera) [1] .
The territory of Ukraine in relation to the fauna of dragonflies is studied unevenly. In some regions, it remains unstudied or poorly studied, and information from other regions is outdated. The first fragmentary information about the fauna of dragonflies in Ukraine appeared in the 70s of the XVIII century, the work of Pallas . Subsequently, over the centuries, all publications of faunal data were cited only for individual regions or oblasts. In 2000, a generalization of all faunal data available at that time in all regions of the country was presented in the fundamental monograph Dragonflies of Ukraine (Gorb, Pavlyuk, Spuris, 2000) [1] . It contained all the known information about dragonflies of Ukraine from the beginning of research until 2000. So, according to the literature and authors' own data, 73 species of dragonflies were cited for the country [1] . Since the publication of this monograph in Ukraine, four more species have been confirmed [2] [3] [4] . Thus, there are known indications of the presence of 77 species of dragonflies in the country.
List of Species
This list combines the taxa of the species and subspecies level, which were registered in Ukraine and cited for it by researchers in literary publications. The list consists of Russian names, binomen (two-word names consisting of a combination of the genus name and species name) and the name of the scientist who first described this taxon and the year in which it happened. In the fourth column of the table, for each species, brief information is given on its distribution in Ukraine based on the work of Gorb, Pavlyuk, Spuris, (2000) [1] , unless other sources are indicated. The families in the list are arranged in a systematic manner.
Legend: Species protected in Ukraine and included in the third edition of the Red Book of Ukraine (2009) [5] Species given for the territory of Ukraine and not confirmed by actual collection material, whose habitat is possible; as well as species whose presence is doubtful or requires confirmation by new finds
Damselfly
| Illustration | Russian name | Latin name and author of the taxon | Range on the territory of Ukraine. Systematic notes. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beauty Family (Calopterygidae) | |||||
| | Brilliant beauty | Calopteryx splendens Harris , 1780 | A very common, in places mass species, distributed almost throughout Ukraine. In favorable conditions, numerous. In the steppe zone is extremely local and rare. The species is found near slowly flowing streams and small rivers (including silted and muddy water), the banks of which are covered with dense vegetation. Almost do not fly away from water bodies. The subspecies taurica Selys, 1853 , endemic to the peninsula, inhabits the foothills and mountain Crimea, the southern coast of Crimea and is included in the Red Book of Ukraine (2009). This subspecies is found by single individuals, but under favorable conditions forms local populations. Varietet ancilla (= var. Violacea ) is extremely rare. | ||
|
| Beauty girl | Calopteryx virgo Linnaeus , 1758 | In Ukraine, the species is found mainly on the Right Bank . In the west of Ukraine, this species is distributed very unevenly, in the east comes to Kiev . In the Kherson and Donetsk regions it is known as a very rare species. In Crimea, the species probably disappeared. In some places, the appearance is common, but mostly rare. Single individuals are found, under favorable conditions form local populations. It is not registered in Chernihiv , Poltava , Kharkov , Odessa regions and in the Western Ukrainian Polesie . In the Carpathians, it does not rise above the forest belt. Dragonflies of this species are mainly found near slowly flowing streams and small rivers, with banks overgrown with vegetation, primarily cattail and willows . | ||
| Family Lyutki (Lestidae) | |||||
| Wild lyutka | Lestes barbarus ( Fabricius , 1798) | Distributed throughout Ukraine, but populates a relatively small number of biotopes. Adults prefer drier habitats. | |||
| Dryut | Lestes dryas Kirby , 1890 | Mostly ordinary look. However, the abundance in different biotopes is different: it is massive, sometimes not numerous species, and in some areas it is not registered. Distributed in Polesie, Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian , Carpathians, Transcarpathian lowlands , it is noted in the Zhytomyr , Kiev , Poltava , Kherson regions and the Crimea. Found in the Carpathians at an altitude of 1650 meters above sea level. | |||
| Greenish | Lestes virens ( Charpentier , 1825) | A fairly ordinary view in the country, but has a torn range. Not found in Khmelnitsky , Vinnitsa , Odessa , Dnipropetrovsk , Zaporizhia and Donetsk regions. It is associated with standing and marshy ponds with dense aquatic vegetation and a reed belt. | |||
| Green light | Chalcolestes viridis ( Vander Linden , 1825) | In Transcarpathian lowlands in places there are numerous species. Registered in the Danube Delta. The only individual was caught in the upper reaches of the Seret River (a tributary of the Dniester ) in the 19th century . In the 1970-80s in Lviv in one pond, before its drainage, there was a small population of this species. Larvae are indicated for the Dnieper and its reservoirs [6] . It prefers standing or weakly flowing reservoirs of various types, but always drying up and with developed woody vegetation along the banks. | |||
| Large-eyed flute photo | Large-eyed | Lestes macrostigma ( Eversmann , 1836) | The species is numerous in the Crimea, is somewhat less common to the north. It was recorded in the Danube River Delta, in the vicinity of Kherson , near Kamenetz-Podolsky , in the Gayvoronsky District of the Kirovograd Region, in Donetsk and Kharkov Regions. | ||
| Fine Tooth | Fine Tooth | Chalcolestes parvidens ( Artobelevski , 1929) | Previously, the toothfish was considered a subspecies of the greenfish . To date, it has been proven that this taxon is an independent species, sympatric with a bast of green. The range covers the south of Ukraine - the species is reliably known from Odessa, Donetsk region and Crimea. In 2004-2005, found in the Lugansk and Transcarpathian regions. Dragonflies prefer standing or weakly flowing reservoirs, but not necessarily drying up and with well-developed woody vegetation growing near the shore. | ||
| | Lute bride | Lestes sponsa ( Hansemann , 1823) | Almost throughout Ukraine, the species is massive and widespread. It lives around a variety of standing and flowing water bodies, especially with acidic water, rich in aquatic vegetation and a well-developed reed belt. | ||
| Redhead | Sympecma fusca ( Vander Linden , 1820) | More often the species is found in the southern regions of the country. It is registered in five western regions (except for Volyn and Rivne and high altitudes in the Carpathians), in the south of Khmelnitsky region, in Kiev, Kharkov , Kherson regions, in the Danube Delta and in Crimea. In some biotopes, the species is common, in others it is rare. Varietet var. aestiva is relatively common in western Ukraine. It lives around a very wide range of standing and slowly flowing water bodies with well-developed aquatic vegetation. | |||
| Siberian lyutka | Sympecma paedisca ( Brauer , 1877) | The species is registered in Polesie, Western Forest-Steppe, in Kiev, Chernihiv, Poltava regions and in the north of Donetsk region. In the north of Ukraine, the species is common, in the south its abundance decreases sharply. It prefers almost all types of standing reservoirs with well-developed aquatic vegetation, including more or less saline. | |||
| Family of the Triceps (Platycnemididae) | |||||
| Common punt | Platycnemis pennipes ( Pallas , 1771) | Near flowing reservoirs is a common, often massive view throughout Ukraine. Varietet var. lactea is quite common. Dragonflies prefer rivers and all types of floodplain water bodies with dense aquatic vegetation. Most common near streams, but does not avoid lakes and ponds. | |||
| Arrow Family (Coenagrionidae) | |||||
| Red-eyed Greenfinch | Erythromma viridulum ( Charpentier , 1840) | It occurs near standing or swampy small reservoirs. The species is common in its biotopes, but has not yet been found in many areas. Found in Transcarpathia, in Kiev, Poltava, Dnipropetrovsk, Odessa, Kherson, Zaporizhzhya regions and in the Crimea. | |||
| Red-eyed Linden | Rythromma lindenii ( Selys , 1840) | On the territory of Ukraine, the species is found in the Danube, in the basin of the Lower Dniester ( Odessa region and Kherson region ), in the pools of the lower reaches of the Dnieper in southern Ukraine, as well as in Crimea. There are single individuals [7] . It occurs in flowing slowly flowing and standing reservoirs of various types. It prefers mainly large and deep (lakes and calmly flowing rivers) bodies of water with clean, oxygenated water and developed aquatic vegetation. | |||
| Red-eyed Naiad | Erythromma najas ( Hansemann , 1823) | The species is common, common throughout Ukraine. In the Carpathians, it does not rise high in the mountains. Most common in floodplains of large and medium-sized lakes. | |||
| Nezhellennya beautiful | Nehalennia speciosa ( Charpentier , 1840) | Rare view. Reported in Polesie, Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian region, in Kiev, Chernigov regions. It is absent in the south of the steppe zone and in Crimea. Dragonflies prefer swamps or shallow and swampy outskirts of lakes, overgrown with medium density sedge thickets. | |||
| Nymphal Firefly | Pyrrhosoma nymphula ( Sulzer , 1776) | It is registered in the Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian, Carpathians, in Odessa region. The species is distributed locally, generally rare, but in some areas is common. Prefer mainly slowly flowing rivers and streams with banks of densely overgrown shrubs. | |||
| Spring arrow | Coenagrion lunulatum ( Charpentier , 1840) | A rare species that is registered only in the Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian region and in the Poltava region. The species prefers densely overgrown or marshy standing ponds, grass swamps, coastal sections of large lakes and river backwaters. | |||
| Arrow Arrow | Coenagrion armatum ( Charpentier , 1840) | The species is rare, but common in some biotopes. It is registered in the western forest-steppe (Volyn and Lviv regions ), in the Carpathian region (near Ivano-Frankivsk ) and in the vicinity of Kiev. | |||
| Blue arrow | Enallagma cyathigerum ( Charpentier , 1840) | The usual form, widespread almost throughout Ukraine. Prefer large ponds and lakes or slowly flowing rivers. Often fly away from water bodies. | |||
| Girl arrow | Coenagrion puella ( Linnaeus , 1758) | Widespread, mass view throughout Ukraine. The species prefers any types of standing and slowly flowing bodies of water with plentiful aquatic vegetation, usually not swampy. | |||
| Graceful arrow | Coenagrion pulchellum Vander Linden , 1823 | Widespread view. In many biotopes it is massive, in some it is not numerous, and in Odessa region and in Crimea it is not marked. In the Carpathians reaches the upper border of the forest. It prefers any types of standing and slowly flowing reservoirs with extensive aquatic vegetation and not too acidic water (river backwaters, old ladies, lakes, ponds, quarries, sedge and peat bogs, puddles, but more prefer standing reservoirs with a clay bottom and aquatic vegetation). | |||
| Spear Arrow | Coenagrion hastulatum Vander Linden , 1825 | In the northern regions, the species is common; in the south, its abundance decreases. There is no information about the species' habitat in the Carpathians, southern regions (Chernivtsi, Odessa, Nikolaev, Kherson, Donetsk) and in the Crimea, although some finds are also known in more southern points outside Ukraine. | |||
| Beautiful arrow | Coenagrion scitulum ( Rambur , 1842) | Very rare species. Within Ukraine, found in the Dnieper delta , in Odessa, Kherson, Chernihiv, Donetsk region. Also lives in the Crimea. The view adheres to natural and artificial standing and temporary reservoirs. Larvae develop in standing or occasionally slowly flowing bodies of water with rich vegetation, usually small, shallow and warm. | |||
| Decorated arrow | Coenagrion ornatum ( Selys , 1850) | As a rare species, it is noted in the Western Forest-Steppe and East Podillia, Carpathian , Transcarpathian Lowlands, as well as in the Kiev and Kherson regions. The species is associated with flowing and often carbonate waters. Larvae are found in small open rivers and streams, ditches with rich aquatic and near-water vegetation. | |||
| South arrow | Coenagrion mercuriale ( Charpentier , 1840) | There are reports of the presence of larvae of this species in the estuary of the Southern Bug River on the border with Romania [8] , but it needs confirmation. The species was also cited in the Red Book of Ukraine (1994) for the Danube Biosphere Reserve in the Odessa region [9] . In general, the habitats of the species are rivers with a slow course, swampy streams, ponds. | |||
| Fine tail fine | Ischnura elegans ( Vander Linden , 1820) | Polyformism is very developed. There are three main types of coloring. In its biotopes, the species is common, but not found in many areas. It is registered in Transcarpathia, in Kiev, Poltava, Dnipropetrovsk, Odessa, Kherson, Zaporizhzhya regions and in Crimea. The species populates almost any type of standing and flowing water bodies, including brackish ones, but does not tolerate too acidic waters and oligotrophic swamps: lakes, ponds, ditches, deep puddles, swamp pits, slowly flowing rivers, streams, old ladies with rich aquatic vegetation. | |||
| Fine tail small | Ischnura pumilio ( Charpentier , 1825) | The species is distributed almost throughout Ukraine. In some places ordinary, in places massive, but rare in the north in Polesie. The species is associated with all types of standing or slowly flowing bodies of water, often small, including temporary and non-resuming. | |||
Damselfly
| Illustration | Russian name | Latin name and author of the taxon | Range on the territory of Ukraine. Systematic notes. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Rocker Family (Aeshnidae) | |||||
| Watchman Emperor | Anax imperator Leach , 1815 | Distributed almost throughout Ukraine without a clear tendency to strengthen localization of habitats. There is no information about the distribution of the species in the territory of West Ukrainian Polissya and at high altitudes in the Carpathians. The numbers are declining. There are single individuals. In a number of densely populated areas, the species apparently disappeared due to pollution of water bodies. The species prefers well-heated floodplain ponds that are surrounded by meadows; standing or marshy ponds of various types with well-developed aquatic or coastal vegetation. Females fly up to 4 km from water bodies. | |||
| Darkfoot Watcher | Anax parthenope ( Sélys , 1839) | It is registered in the Kiev, Poltava, Odessa, Kherson, Donetsk regions and in the Crimea. Prefers standing reservoirs, often large and deep, usually with well-developed and rich vegetation. | |||
| Saddle-Watcher | Hemianax ephippiger ( Burmeister , 1839) | Afro-Asian species, at times carrying out long-distance migrations from Africa to Europe. It is noted in the Kiev, Odessa, Lviv, Nikolaev, Donetsk, Chernihiv regions and in the Crimea. On one of the lakes near Lviv, its mass brood was observed. | |||
| White-haired Rocker | Brachytron pratense ( Müller , 1767) | Distributed in most of Ukraine, but in the Chernivtsi, Odessa, Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhya and Donetsk regions is not marked. Mostly rare species, common in some places. It prefers a variety of large and small swampy, standing or slowly flowing water bodies with the obligatory presence of rich vegetation or reeds and reeds. It is strictly attached to reservoirs, dragonflies do not fly into the forest and open spaces. | |||
| Rocker large | Aeshna grandis ( Linnaeus , 1758) | In the Western Ukrainian Polesie is a common species, more south - it becomes rare. Registered in most of Ukraine, except for the Black Sea lowland and Crimea. Prefers forest landscapes. It is found near or near various reservoirs - rivers, lakes, ponds, swamps, old river rivers. | |||
| Green-sided rocker | Aeshna affinis Vander Linden , 1823 | The species is known in most of Ukraine. It’s rare in the west. Dragonflies prefer a wide range of standing and temporary reservoirs, usually with large thickets of cattail or reed . | |||
| Green rocker | Aeshna viridis Eversmann , 1836 | Rare view. It is registered in Polesie, Western Forest-Steppe, Kiev, Chernihiv, Poltava, Kherson regions and in Crimea. Closely associated with teloresis , in the leaves of which females usually lay eggs. However, the species is found in the complete absence of this plant. Often individuals of the species fly into the territory of cities. | |||
| Reed Rocker | Aeshna juncea ( Linnaeus , 1758) | The species is not numerous, widespread in the Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian , Carpathians and Transcarpathian lowlands, as well as in the Khmelnitsky, Zhytomyr, Kiev and Odessa regions. It prefers almost all types of standing reservoirs with a well-developed belt of aquatic and reed vegetation. | |||
| Saw beam | Aeshna serrata Hagen , 1856 | It was included in the fauna of the Donetsk region [10] [11] . However, the habitat of this northern species here is very doubtful, since the southern border of its range passes at a considerable distance from the northern borders of Ukraine [12] . | |||
| Rocker | Aeshna mixta Latreille , 1805 | The usual form, distributed almost throughout the territory of Ukraine. A migratory species that can populate most types of standing and slowly flowing water bodies. | |||
| Reddish rocker | Aeshna isoceles ( Müller , 1767) | Distributed almost throughout Ukraine. In some places, numerous, but mostly rare. In Western Ukrainian Polesie and at high altitudes in the Carpathians it is not noted. It prefers various standing reservoirs, mainly in the presence of a reed belt or floating hydrophytes, of which teloresis is the most preferred. Occasionally found in forest glades away from water bodies. | |||
| Rocker blue | Aeshna cyanea Müller , 1764 | In the Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian Mountains, Carpathians and Transcarpathian Lowlands, as well as in the vicinity of Kiev, the species is common, further east it is rare. Adults are found in forest landscapes, and larvae are found in various types of standing and low-flowing bodies of water, always surrounded by woody vegetation and often lacking aquatic vegetation. | |||
| Family of Grandfathers (Gomphidae) | |||||
| Grandfather is european | Onychogomphus forcipatus ( Linnaeus , 1758) | It is registered in Western Polesie, Carpathian , Carpathians, Transcarpathian lowlands and Chernivtsi regions. Larvae are indicated from the Dnieper and its reservoirs. Now the view is very rare. It prefers various types of flowing reservoirs, often with a rocky bottom, as well as clean lakes with underwater currents and a gravel bottom. | |||
| Grandfather yellow-legged | Gomphus flavipes Charpentier , 1825 | It is registered in a number of regions of Ukraine, but is rare. It prefers large slowly flowing rivers, backwaters of large lakes with a noticeable course, and extensive backwaters of rivers. | |||
| Ordinary grandfather | Gomphus vulgatissimus Linnaeus , 1758 | A fairly widespread species, mostly ordinary, in some places - rare. Dragonflies are kept in various types of flowing, not fast flowing water bodies deprived of dense aquatic vegetation. Larvae prefer slow streams and small rivers; they are also found on lakes with underwater currents. | |||
| Grandpa horned | Ophiogomphus cecilia Fourcroy , 1785 | In the Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian, Carpathians and in the Transcarpathian lowlands of the region. The numbers are very low. A very rare species, only single individuals are found. It prefers calm rivers and slowly flowing streams with a sandy and gravel bottom, both deprived of aquatic vegetation and overgrown with it. Varietet var. flavissima - the only individual was caught near Kolomyia, Ivano-Frankivsk region. | |||
| Lindia four leaf | Lindenia tetraphylla ( Vander Linden , 1825) | Mediterranean-Central Asian species. On the territory of Ukraine for the first time found in 2013 - 2 males, Crimea, Theodosia City Council , Primorsky [2] . A species has a tendency to migrate. Prefers bodies of water with a weak current (mainly large lakes and rivers). It is often attached to places with extensive reed beds , but is also found on lakes with sparse vegetation. | |||
| Mace Family (Cordulegastridae) | |||||
| Bolton's Mace | Cordulegaster boltonii Donovan , 1807 | In Ukraine, the species is found throughout the territory except the steppe zone and Crimea. Mostly distributed in the zone of mixed forests and forest-steppe. The number is low, single individuals are found. More often lives in forest landscapes. The species prefers fast flowing and almost devoid of vegetation ponds with a rocky or gravel bottom. Under the name "Cordulegaster ringed" is included in the Red Book of Ukraine (2009). | |||
| Double-toed Mace | Cordulegaster bidentata Selys , 1843 | Widely distributed in the mountain and foothill regions of the Ukrainian Carpathians. According to the literature of the late XIX - early XX centuries, it was given for the Carpathians and the Carpathians (Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, Transcarpathian, Chernivtsi regions). Documented findings of the species in the country were absent from the beginning of the 1930s [5] until the beginning of the 21st century [13] . In the period from 2002 to 2005, 35 habitats of the species were identified in the mountain and foothill regions of the Carpathians. The species is associated with small shallow streams in hilly or mountainous areas, inhabiting at moderate heights up to 1700 meters above sea level [13] . It is noted on artificial reservoirs. | |||
| Cordulegaster heros Theischinger 1979 | First found in Ukraine in 2013. At least 5 populations are known for certain - four on the Khotyn Upland and one in the Carpathian region ( Chernivtsi region ) on the rivers of the Dniester and Prut basins [4] . | ||||
| Grandma Family (Corduliidae) | |||||
| Grandma is bronze | Cordulia aenea ( Linnaeus , 1758) | The species is distributed almost throughout Ukraine. In the north, ordinary, sometimes even massive, more southern - more rare. There is no information about the habitat of the species in the central part of Ukraine and Crimea. The species is associated with a wide range of standing reservoirs, including lakes, ponds and backwaters, as well as some types of swamped reservoirs, in particular, peat bogs. Some individuals are found at a distance of 3-5 km from water bodies, most often kept near small lakes and ponds with clean water and dense thickets of aquatic vegetation. | |||
| Two-spotted grandmother | Epitheca bimaculata ( Charpentier , 1825) | It is registered in the Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian region, in the Zhytomyr, Kiev, Poltava, Kharkov, Odessa and Kherson regions. In the west of Ukraine it is now extremely rare, in the Kiev region - the usual look. It is associated with various types of standing water bodies, especially small and overgrown with floating vegetation. Often the species is found in forest landscapes. | |||
| Grandma is yellow-spotted | Somatochlora flavomaculata ( Vander Linden , 1825) | Registered in most of Ukraine. In the western regions it is very rare, in the Kiev region it is massive. Varietet var. flaveolata is rarely found in the north of the Lviv region. The species lives in a wide range of standing and slowly flowing water bodies, mainly warm and densely grown or boggy. | |||
| Green-body Alpine | Somatochlora alpestris ( Selys , 1840) | Found in a limited area of the Montenegro ridge in the Carpathians. Rare view. It is found in the mountains on very small semi-flowing bodies of water with clean and cold water. Isolated finds are known. | |||
| Arctic green-body | Somatochlora arctica Zetterstedt , 1840 | The location of this northern species in the country is the vicinity of Novograd-Volynsky in the Zhytomyr region , where the finds of the species date from the beginning of the 20th century. In 2006, found in the Rivne region. The species is associated with coniferous forests and extensive marshy areas. Propagated in small ponds with rich vegetation, in high bogs. | |||
| Green green metal | Somatochlora metallica ( Vander Linden , 1825) | It is registered in the Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian, Carpathians and Transcarpathian lowlands, in the Zhytomyr, Kiev, Poltava, Donetsk and Kherson regions. The usual and numerous species in Western Ukraine, in the east of the country is represented by rare and small populations. Varietet var. montana is known in the Carpathians in the vicinity of Mykulychyn . Varietet var. atavica is rare in central Ukraine. It prefers standing or slowly flowing bodies of water, especially surrounded by forest and with rich floating vegetation, but with steep open and bare shores. | |||
| Greenfinch southern | Somatochlora meridionalis Nielsen , 1935 | Locally in southwestern Ukraine [4] . Only two habitats of the species are known in the country. | |||
| The Real Dragonfly Family (Libellulidae) | |||||
| White-tailed Straight Belly | Orthetrum albistylum ( Selys , 1848) | It was noted in the Western Ukrainian Polesie, Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian, Transcarpathian, Chernivtsi, Kiev, Poltava, Kharkov, Odessa, Kherson, Zaporizhzhya and Donetsk regions. In the north, rare, in the south - ordinary. It prefers various types of standing reservoirs, mostly open and well lit by the sun. | |||
| Straight blue belly | Orthetrum coerulescens ( Fabricius , 1798) | It is registered in the Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian Lowlands, Transcarpathian Lowlands, in the Danube River Delta and in the Donetsk Region. Very rare. | |||
| Selicia is black | Selysiothemis nigra ( Vander Linden , 1825) | A typical Mediterranean species, which was first observed in Ukraine in 2002 on the Kinburn Spit in the vicinity of the village of Pokrovka (Kovalevka) in the Ochakov District of the Nikolaev Region near the shore of Lake Chirnino [3] . In 2006, it was discovered in the Crimea in the vicinity of the Karadag Reserve [14] . Subsequently, in the territory of Crimea, the species was repeatedly recorded in 2011 and 2013 at a number of points on the Kerch Peninsula [15] . In 2008, it was registered on the bank of the Sivash in the Kherson region [16] . In July 2015, it was first recorded in the East Azov Sea ( Donetsk Oblast , Novoazovskiy District , the vicinity of Sedovo , Krivaya Kosa Spit [17] . In the Azov Sea, all finds of the species are associated with a narrow coastal beach strip in areas overgrown with reeds. Close connection with the coast of the sea and limans suggest the development of larvae here in brackish water bodies. | |||
| Compressed Belly Fonkoloma | Sympetrum fonscolombii Selys , 1840 | A very rare species, distributed throughout most of the Right-Bank Ukraine. It is registered in two places of the Lviv region and in one locality of the Ivano-Frankivsk region, as well as in the Kiev region. The most common in the south-west of Ukraine and in the Crimea. In the territory of Left-Bank Ukraine, the species is known from the Donetsk and Lugansk regions. Prefers shallow warm standing reservoirs with sparse vegetation. It is steady against brackish waters and periodic drying of reservoirs. | |||
| Compressed belly south | Sympetrum meridionale Selys , 1841 | The species was recorded in the Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian Mountains, Carpathians and the Transcarpathian Lowland (but the biotopes that it occupies and its numbers have declined very much in recent decades), in the south of Chernihiv Oblast, as well as in Kiev, Poltava, Odessa (Danube River Delta), Zaporizhia , Donetsk regions and the Crimea. It prefers different types of small standing reservoirs with dense vegetation or marshy, including brackish and seasonally dry. | |||
| White-faced Dragonfly | Leucorrhinia albifrons Burmeister , 1839 | Two points are reliably known where single individuals of this northern species were discovered in Ukraine: in the Volyn and Kiev regions. In the early 2000s, it was discovered in the Polessky Reserve and in the Crimea ( Sevastopol , Streletskaya Bay ). Reporting the findings of larvae of this species in the Dnieper delta raises doubts about the correctness of their determination. The typical location of the larvae of the species is oligotrophic reservoirs mainly in pine forests. Adult individuals live near water bodies, sometimes in forest glades, clearings, etc. The number is very low, only single individuals are found. | |||
| Two-color dragonfly | Leucorrhinia pectoralis Charpentier , 1825 | It is registered in the Western Ukrainian Polesie, Western Forest-Steppe, Carpathian, Transcarpathian regions, in the Zhytomyr, Kiev, Chernihiv, Poltava, Kharkov and Kherson regions. The view in places is ordinary, but often not numerous or rare. The species is found near meadow and forest lakes, most often in forest landscapes. Aberration ab. ochropteryx is rare. | |||
| Dragonfly tailed | Leucorrhinia caudalis Charpentier , 1840 | Very rare species. It is registered in Polesie, Western Forest-Steppe, in Kiev, Poltava and Kharkov regions. Varietet var. ornata in western Ukraine is found along with a typical form. Aberration ab. pteromaculata is rare. The species prefers warm, well-lit by the sun, densely overgrown lakes, ponds and old ladies, usually in forest landscapes. | |||
| Dragonfly yellow | Sympetrum flaveolum ( Linnaeus , 1758) | Вид обычный, часто многочисленный и даже массовый. Распространён по всей территории страны. Наиболее часто встречается около мелких водоёмов с зарослями растительности, стоячих водоёмов с богатой растительностью, особенно тёплых и мелких, в том числе сезонно пересыхающих. Стрекозы разлетаются от водоёмов очень далеко. Часто вид встречается вариетет var. luteola , изредка аберрация ab. latreillei , вариетет var. hyalinata , аберрации ab. innominata , ab. neglecta и единственный раз во Львовской области вариетет var. interpunctata . | |||
| Стрекоза исчерченная | Sympetrum striolatum ( Charpentier , 1840) | Распространён в большинстве областей: в Западной Лесостепи, Прикарпатье и Карпатах как немногочисленный, в Закарпатской низменности — обычный вид. Отмечен в Восточном Подолье, в Киевской, Одесской, Донецкой, Луганской областях и в Крыму. Встречается у почти всех типов стоячих или медленнотекущих водоёмов, включая солоноватые, сезонно пересыхающие и искусственные, чаще размножается в мелких и тёплых водоёмах с обильной растительностью. | |||
| Стрекоза красная | Leucorrhinia rubicunda Linnaeus, 1758 | В литературных источниках конца XIX — начала XX века приводился для Западной Лесостепи, Прикарпатье, Житомирской, Киевской и Черниговской областей. Очень редкий вид на территории страны. О его нахождения после 1940-х годов сведений нет. Встречается около различных типов кислых стоячих водоёмов с обедненной водой и без густой растительности, преимущественно окруженных лесом. Вариетет var. rubrodorsalis отмечена на юго-западе Львовской области, встречается очень редко. | |||
| Стрекоза коричневая | Orthetrum brunneum ( Fonscolombe , 1837) | Известен в Западной Лесостепи, Прикарпатье, Карпатах и Закарпатской низменности, в Киевской, Полтавской, Днепропетровской, Одесской, Донецкой областях и в Крыму. Вид малочисленный. Обычно предпочитает проточные водоёмы: ручьи, канавы, каналы. Предпочтение отдаётся открытым местам обитания почти лишённые растительности. Иногда размножается также и в прудах и озёрах. | |||
| Стрекоза кроваво-красная | Sympetrum sanguineum Müller , 1764 | Обычный вид, местами многочисленный, распространённый почти по всей Украине (нет данных из Крыма и горной части Карпат). Для размножения выбирает стоячие, густо заросшие, заболоченные или даже временные водоёмы. Не характерен для проточных водоёмов. Особи вида широко разлетаются от водоёмов (отдельные могут встречаться за несколько километров от них). | |||
| Стрекоза-метальщица красная | Crocothemis erythraea ( Brullé , 1832) | Редкий вид. Встречается только на юге Закарпатская низменность, в Одесской, Херсонской, Запорожской области. Личинки найдены в реке Ингул . Размножается в мелких, заросших водоёмах. | |||
| Стрекоза обыкновенная | Sympetrum vulgatum ( Linnaeus , 1758) | Широко распространённый и многочисленный вид, но в Днепропетровской, Запорожской, Херсонской областях и в Крыму не отмечен. Заселяет очень широкий спектр стоячих и застойных водоёмов с обильной растительностью, а также травяные болота и топи. | |||
| Стрекоза перевязанная | Sympetrum pedemontanum Allioni , 1766 | Встречается на западе Лесостепи, в Прикарпатье и на небольших высотах Карпат, в Закарпатской низменности, в Киевской, Черниговской, Полтавской, Николаевской областях и Крыму. Вид никогда не бывает массовым, встречаются единичные особи. Обитает около различных стоячих или медленно текущих водоёмов, по большей части мелких, тёплых, с обильной водной растительностью. | |||
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| Стрекоза плоская | Libellula depressa Linnaeus , 1758 | Вид обычный, известен почти на всей территории Украины. Встречается около водоёмов со стоячей или слабо проточной водой, по большей части открытых, преимущественно мелких, как с водной растительностью, так и без неё. Стрекозы далеко от воды не улетают. | ||
| | Стрекоза решётчатая | Orthetrum cancellatum Linnaeus , 1758 | Зарегистрирован в Западной Лесостепи, Прикарпатье, Закарпатской низменности, в дельте реки Дунай и в Донецкой области. Очень редкий на территории страны. Встречается у стоячих или медленно текущих водоёмов, чаще крупных (озёра, пруды, реки), открытых, без присутствующей густой прибрежной растительности. Стрекозы летают около самых различных водоёмов — от больших озёр, до небольших прудов и каналов. Личинки предпочитают участки дна, богатые растительностью и разлагающимся растительным материалом. | ||
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| Стрекоза рыжая | Libellula fulva Müller , 1764 | Этот редкий вид зарегистрирован в Западной Лесостепи, Прикарпатье, Закарпатской низменности, в Восточном Подолье (к востоку от реки Збруч ), в дельте реки Дунай, в Киевской, Черниговской, Полтавской и Харьковской областях. Встречается у стоячих или медленно текущих водоёмах различных типов и размеров, с богатой растительностью и обязательно окружённых поясом тростниковой или камышовой растительности. Вариетет var. fulvissima отмечен на севере Львовской области. Вариетет var. binervosa — одна особь поймана на севере Тернопольской области. | ||
| Стрекоза сомнительная | Leucorrhinia dubia ( Vander Linden , 1825) | Очень редкий вид, обнаруженный в Киевской области и на большой высоте в Карпатах. Сообщение о находках личинок этого бореоальпийського вида в Днепровско-Бугском лимане вызывает сомнения в правильности их определения. Вид связан с лесными ландшафтами. Размножается в заболоченных и стоячих, обычно небольших водоёмах с небольшой водной растительностью, иногда также на верховых болотах. | |||
| Стрекоза четырёхпятнистая | Libellula quadimaculata Linnaeus , 1758 | Этот обычный, местами многочисленный вид распространен по всей Украине (отсутствуют сведения с Запорожской, Донецкой и Луганской областей). Особое затмение крыльев очень выражено у особей из популяциях из дельты Дуная. Встречается около мелких и сильно заросших водной растительностью озёр, осоковых и торфяных болот, расположенных в лесу либо на лугах. Около проточных водоёмов встречается довольно редко. Аберрация ab. praenubila изредка встречается в разных местах Украины. Редко встречающийся вариетет var. olivacea отмечен на севере Львовской области. | |||
| Стрекоза чёрная | Sympetrum danae Sulzer , 1776 | В северных областях вид обычный, но встречается в небольшом количестве. В южном направлении его численность сокращается, но в предгорьях Карпат его численность снова возрастает. В Причерноморской низменности (кроме Одесской области) и в Крыму не обнаружен. Предпочитает стоячие, большей частью небольшие и кислые, порой заболоченные или временные водоёмы. Иногда может встречаться у крупных озёр и дренажных канав. | |||
| Стрекоза уплощенная | Sympetrum depressiusculum ( Selys , 1841) | Обнаружен в Полесье, Западной Лесостепи, Прикарпатье, Закарпатской низменности, в дельте реки Дунай и в Херсонской области. Встречается у многих типов стоячих и заболоченных водоёмов, часто вторичных и временных, поросших растениями. Хорошо переносит загрязнения воды и зимнее пересыхание водоёмов. | |||
Comments
- ↑ Бо́льшая часть Крымского полуострова является объектом территориальных разногласий между Россией , контролирующей спорную территорию, и Украиной , в пределах признанных международным сообществом границ которой спорная территория находится. According to the federal structure of Russia , the subjects of the Russian Federation are located in the disputed territory of Crimea - the Republic of Crimea and the city of federal significance Sevastopol . According to the administrative division of Ukraine , the regions of Ukraine are located in the disputed territory of Crimea - the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city with special status Sevastopol .
See also
- Фауна Украины
- Список насекомых, занесённых в Красную книгу Украины
- Список дневных бабочек Украины
- Список стрекоз России
Literature
- Горб С. Н., Павлюк Р. С., Спурис З. Д. Стрекозы (Odonata) Украины: фаунистический обзор = Бабки (Odonata) України: фауністичний огляд // Вестник зоологии. — К. , 2000. — Т. Отдельный выпуск 15 . — С. 1—155 . (Ukrainian)
- Матушкіна Н.О., Хрокало Л.А. Визначник бабок (Odonata) України: личинки та екзувії. Учбовий посібник для студентів біологічних спеціальностей. — Київ: Фітосоціоцентр, 2002. — 72 с. (Ukrainian)
- Dijkstra KD. Field Guide to the Dragonflies of Britain and Europe. — British Wildlife Publishing Ltd., 2006. — 320 p. — ISBN 978-0953139941 . (eng.)
- Dyatlova ES The Odonata of southwestern Ukraine // Opuscula zoologica fluminensia. — 2001. — № 221 . — P. 1—15. (eng.)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Горб С. Н., Павлюк Р. С., Спурис З. Д. Стрекозы (Odonata) Украины: фаунистический обзор = Бабки (Odonata) України: фауністичний огляд // Вестник зоологии. — К. , 2000. — Т. Отдельный выпуск 15 . — С. 1—155 . (Ukrainian)
- ↑ 1 2 Савчук В. В., Каролинский Е. А. Новые находки редких видов стрекоз (Insecta, Odonata) на Украине // Вестник зоологии. — 2013. — Т. 47 , № 6 . — С. 506 .
- ↑ 1 2 Титар В. М. Selysiothemis nigra (Vander Linden, 1825) — новый вид стрекоз (Insecta: Odonata) для фауны Украины // Вестник зоологии. — 2007. — Т. 41 , № 2 . — С. 122 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 Bernard R., Daraz B. Cordulegaster heros and Somatochlora meridionalis in Ukraine: solving the zoogeographical puzzle at their northern range limits (Odonata: Cordulegasteridae, Corduliidae) // Odonatologica. - 2015. - Vol. 44. — P. 255—278.
- ↑ 1 2 Червона книга України. Тваринний світ / І.А. Акімов. — К. : Глобалконсалтинг, 2009. — С. 151. — 624 с. — ISBN 978-966-97059-0-7 . (Ukrainian)
- ↑ Шерстюк В. В., Северенчук Н. С. Беспозвоночные как кормовые объекты рыб. Беспозвоночные и рыбы Днепра и его водохранилищ. — К. : Наукова думка, 1989.
- ↑ Дятлова Е. С. Новые находки Cercion lindeni (Odonata, Coenagrionidae) в басcейнах низовьев Дуная, Днестра и Днепра на юге Украины // Вестник зоологии. — 2004. — Т. 38 , № 5 . - S. 10 .
- ↑ Волкова Л. А., Григорьев Б. Ф., Гурьевская Л. И. Личинки стрекоз Днепровско-Бугской устьевой области // Вопросы рыбохозяйственного освоения и санитарно-биологического режима водоемов Украины. — 1970. — Т. 1 . — С. 65—67 .
- ↑ Червона книга України: Тварини. - 2nd. — Київ: «Українська енциклопедія» імені М.П. Бажана, 1994. — 456 с.
- ↑ Олигер А. И. Фенология и суточная активность стрекоз (Odonata) в юго-восточной части Украины // Зоологический журнал. — 1980. — Т. 59 , № 9 . — С. 1425—1427 .
- ↑ Олигер А. И. Эколого-фаунистическая характеристика стрекоз (Odonatoptera) Донбасса: Автореф. dis. ... cand. biol. sciences. — Донецк, 1975. — 20 с.
- ↑ Martynov AV The Odonata fauna of the basin of the river Severskyi Donets in its middle current (Eastern Ukraine) // International Dragonfly Fund (IDF). — 2010. — № 31 . — P. 1—41.
- ↑ 1 2 Мартынов А. В., Мартынов В. В. Евразиатский энтомологический журнал // Odonatologica. — 2010. — № 9 (2) . — С. 303—307 .
- ↑ Matushkina NA Selysiothemis nigra (Vander L.) new for the fauna of the Ukraine // Notulae Odonatologicae. — 2007. — Т. 6 , № 10 . — С. 118—119 .
- ↑ Савчук В. В., Каролинский Е. А. Новые находки редких видов стрекоз (Insecta: Odonata) на Украине // Вестник зоологии. — 2013. — Т. 47 , № 6 . — С. 506 .
- ↑ Хрокало Л. А., Савчук В. В., Дятлова Е. С. Новые находки редких видов стрекоз (Insecta, Odonata) в Украине // Вестник зоологии. — 2009. — Т. 43 , № 4 . — С. 378 .
- ↑ Мартынов В. В., Никулина Т. В., Шохин И. В. Новые находки Selysiothemis nigra (Vander Linden, 1825) (Odonata: Libellulidae) в Приазовье // Кавказский энтомологический бюллетень. — 2015. — Т. 11 , № 2 . — С. 263—265 .