Bernstein, Nathan Osipovich

Nathan Bernstein was born into a merchant family. He received primary education at home from his grandfather, Solomon Eiger, in Poznan , where the family moved. From the 4th grade he studied at the 2nd gymnasium in Odessa , where his father opened a shop for colonial goods (later an orphanage was established with his money in Odessa).

In 1858 he graduated from the medical faculty of Moscow University ; in 1861 he defended his thesis for the degree of doctor of medicine and, without a residence permit , returned to Odessa. He worked as a supernumerary resident of the city hospital, at the same time (until 1862) he edited the journal “ Zion ”. Since 1865 - associate professor of anatomy and physiology at Novorossiysk University (since 1871, when Professor I.M.Sechenov occupied the department of physiology, he read only anatomy). Elected by the university council as extraordinary professors , he was not approved in this rank, for lack of a doctorate in zoology, to which anatomy and physiology were confined at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics. He was dismissed from the university due to illness (1882). The second election, at the suggestion of the faculty to the position of assistant professor , was not approved by the minister in the same year: it was a period of reaction and official anti-Semitism. Bernstein worked in the Berlin physiological laboratory of Dubois-Reymond (1866), in the laboratory of Ludwig in Leipzig (1868-1869). He showed vigorous activity in the Odessa society of doctors, in which he was first a secretary, then for 8 years a fellow chairman and, finally, for 14 years as chairman. ^[2]

During the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878. He headed the ward of the Red Cross infirmary.

In 1881-1882 he was treated in Wiesbaden and Nice . In 1882 he was dismissed due to illness; re-election to the rank of associate professor was not approved by the Minister.

In addition, he was a vowel of the Duma, the trustee of the city hospital, an honorary magistrate and trustee of the Odessa Talmud Torah. He was in the society of Odessa doctors, 8 years was the assistant chairman and 14 years - the chairman.

Family

Father is Ozias Bernstein, a merchant. Mother came from the Prague rabbinical family of Eigers, daughter of Solomon Eiger (1785-1852), rabbi in Poznan, granddaughter of Akiva Eiger (1761-1837), chief rabbi of Poznan ^[3] .

Wife - Matilda Markovna Serebryany (nee Slonim). Sons:

• Alexander (1870-1922) - psychiatrist , psychotherapist and psychologist ;
• Sergey (1880-1968) - mathematician .

In 1857, as a student, he received a gold medal for his essay on the topic “Anatomy and Physiology of the Pulmonary Gastric Nerve”.

Selected Works

• Bernshtein N. I. Reasoning on the administration of the pulmonary-gastric nerve: Diss. - M .: type. V. Gracheva and comp., 1860. - 76 p.
  • About the administration of the pulmonary gastric nerve. - M. , 1960.
• Bernstein N.I. Guide to private physiology. - Odessa: Imp. Novoross. Univ., 1868 .-- 312 p.

Articles in the Moscow Medical Journal (1858), the Sion newspaper (1861), Modern Medicine (1863), the Medical Herald (1864), the Archive of Forensic Medicine and General Hygiene, Gazette medicale de Paris (1865) ), Arbeiten a. d. physiol. Anstalt zu Leipzig (1869, 1870), Protocols of the Society of Odessa Doctors (1870).

• N.K. Bernshtein, Natan Osipovich // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
• Bernstein, Nathan Osipovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Bernstein, Nathan (Nikolay) Osipovich // Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron . - SPb. , 1908-1913.

• Genus of Eigers (Egers) (Neopr.) . Dedicated to the memory of Nikolai Alexandrovich Bernstein. Date of treatment February 21, 2013. Archived February 26, 2013.