Mikhail Filippovich Volkenshteyn ( Moses Fishelevich ; 1861 (according to other sources, 1859) —1934) - Russian lawyer , publisher and public figure, editor .
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Biography
Born in Rostov-on-Don in the family of Fishel Iosifovich (Philip Osipovich) Volkenstein. Mikhail Filippovich Volkenstein was a very influential Petersburg lawyer. He, being a native of the bourgeois environment, adhered to liberal views. He was always in ideological opposition to the authorities, in connection with which he acted as a sworn attorney, defending politically unreliable persons on political charges and on duty.
His prominent personalities included such prominent personalities as his former classmate A.P. Chekhov (consisted in correspondence on the publication of Chekhov's new stories in magazines), the artist M.V.Dobuzhinsky (who was married to his cousin niece - Elizaveta Osipovna Volkenstein , 1874-1965), Fedor Chaliapin (a close friend whose financial affairs he led).
In the magazine " Russian Wealth " he served as a legal adviser for a long time (thanks to which he gained influential and famous friends), and from 1895 he became the publisher, owner and editor of the political magazine " New Word ", published from 1895 to 1897, in St. Petersburg . Then he was director of the Society for Access and Railways in Russia, legal adviser to the Northern Shipping Company. He and his wife Klara Iosifovna owned a house on the street Broad, No. 23 [1] .
Lenin's Defense
In 1896, V. I. Ulyanov ( Lenin ) was accused of establishing the “ Union for the Emancipation of the Working Class ”, which they considered to be a socially dangerous act. At the request of his mother V.I. Ulyanov, (Lenin) gave his guarantee for the latter and advocated for release pending a court decision.
In the spring of 1896, Volkenstein joined the request of his mother and one of Lenin's sisters, who insisted on the release of Vladimir Ilyich from the St. Petersburg “preflight”. Here are two documents that do not need an explanatory word.
Letter from the Chairman of the Board of Sworn Attorneys of the St. Petersburg Court of Justice V.O. Lustikh to the Vice-Director of the Police Department S.E. Zvolyansky:
"M. G.
Sergey Erastovich!
Let me turn to your good cooperation on the following occasion: assistant to the attorney, Vl. Fig. Ulyanov has long been arrested on charges of a state crime; his mother and sister certify that during this time his health was very upset, and asked to release him before the decision of the case on a guarantee; the sworn attorney Volkenstein, in whom Mr. Ulyanov is an assistant, also asks for this and is ready to accept the guarantee himself. Knowing you as a person who is always ready to provide all possible assistance to the suffering, if circumstances allow it, I decided to ask you not to refuse assistance and Ulyanov to release him, with the guarantee of his mother or Mr. Volkenstein.
I ask you to accept the assurance of my perfect respect and devotion.
V. Lustikh. "
Reply S.E. Zvolyansky V.O. Lustikhu:
"M. G.
Wilhelm Osipovich!
As a result of a letter dated May 27, I have the honor to inform that the issue of releasing from custody a political case of Vladimir Ulyanov, who had already been interrogated by the investigator, had already been repeatedly initiated by his mother, however, neither the gendarmerie department nor the prosecutor’s supervision recognized it as possible circumstances of the case, do something in this regard. At present, the inquiry about Ulyanov is already completed and is under consideration by the Ministry of Justice.
Accept, m. G., the assurance of perfect reverence, and so on.
S. 3voliansky. "
Already a simple neighborhood of the words “on a guarantee” and “state criminal” threatened to gather real thunders over Volkenstein’s head. After all, he asked for something knowing. He knew how hard the accusation of Lenin lay on the scales of law, and he asked. To know and to ask is to protect. Volkenstein defended.
Shortly before these events, Ulyanov was hired by Volkenstein as an assistant. Volkenstein also recommended Ulyanov to the St. Petersburg Bar Association.
In 1922 ( according to other sources, in 1917 ) Volkenstein emigrated to Estonia , to Tallinn .
Recent years
Death: In the last years of his life, Mikhail Filippovich completely lost his sight and, not wanting to lead the life of a helpless old man, committed suicide.
Family
- Son - Vladimir Mikhailovich Volkenstein (1883-1974)
- Grandson - Mikhail Vladimirovich Volkenstein (1912-1992)
- Brother - lawyer Lev Filippovich Volkenstein .
- Brother - Akim Filippovich Volkenstein, military doctor in Chisinau .
- Nephews - Olga Akimovna Volkenstein , publicist and journalist; Fedor Akimovich Volkenstein , lawyer.
- Brother - Joseph Fishelevich (Osip Filippovich) Volkenstein, one of the leaders of the Jewish community of Rostov-on-Don and its representative in the City Duma [3] . His daughter Elizaveta Osipovna Volkenstein (1876-1965) was married to the artist M. V. Dobuzhinsky [4] .
- In 1893, in a second marriage in Vilna, he married his relative Klara Iosifovna Volkenstein (1866, Rostov -?) [5] [6] .
Notes
- ↑ All Petersburg (1912)
- ↑ In the spring of 1896, Volkenstein joined the request of his mother and one of Lenin’s sisters, who insisted on the release of Vladimir Ilyich from the St. Petersburg “preflight”.
- ↑ Jewish Rostov
- ↑ Memoirs of M.V. Dobuzhinsky
- ↑ Birth record of Clara Josephenna Volkenstein
- ↑ A marriage record is available on the Jewish Genealogy website JewishGen.org.
Literature
- Alex Rapoport - Volkenstein Family // Neva No. 3 for 2008