ZIL-158

LiAZ-158V

ZIL-158 was a further modernization of the ZIS-155 bus. Differs in the body extended by 770 mm with increased to 60 people. nominal passenger capacity (32 seats), a modified design of the front and rear masks, modified side windows, as well as an engine with a 9% increase in power. The first ZIL-158 had windows in the roof ventilation hatches, as well as windows in the corners of the rear roof slopes (they soon abandoned both of them).

The first sample ZIL-158 was released in June 1956 .

Due to the growing need for large Soviet cities for roomy buses and the inability to further increase the parallel production of buses at ZIL due to increased production of trucks, the release of the ZIL-158 model in 1959-1960 was transferred to the Likinsky Bus Plant.

In 1961, the production of a modernized ZIL-158V bus was launched at LiAZ. It differed from the ZIL-158 by a single-disk clutch, a ZIL-164A gearbox and a modified main gear ratio (7.63 versus 9.28 on the ZIL-158), as well as a brake valve of a different design.

In Moscow, ZIL-158 and 158B prevailed in bus depots from the late 50s to 1974, and the last cars were decommissioned in 1978. In some cities of the Soviet Union, the operation of the ZIL-158V continued in the early 80s.

At ZIL, 9,515 ZIL-158 copies were produced, including in May 1957 a pilot batch of 180 buses specially for the VI World Festival of Youth and Students . The annual production of buses on LiAZ was in 1959 - 213 units, in 1963 - 5419 units. and in 1969 - 7045 units. LiAZ's total production of 158 buses over 10 years amounted to about 50 thousand.

In many sources, the production bus from 1961 to 1970, produced at LiAZ, is referred to as LiAZ-158V, but this name is erroneous. In fact, in all industry and factory documents, the bus is referred to as “ZIL-158V manufactured by the Likinsky Bus Plant” ^{[1] [2] [3] [4]} . This is the name that was written on the hood plate: LiAZ ZIL-158. The bus itself on LiAZ was produced until January 1971, but after the cessation of mass production in May 1973, another last instance of the bus was assembled specifically for the NAMI industry exhibition.

At the end of the 1950s, the ZIL-158 + Aremkuz-2PN-4 experimental bus train was launched - consisting of the ZIL-158 tractor and the Aremkuz-2PN-4 bus trailer. This trailer was called the "nephew", and these trains were operated in Moscow in 1959-1961, after which they were decommissioned. However, the idea of ​​a bus with a trailer was not forgotten, and was developed in the form of an articulated bus, or an accordion bus.

Also, mobile television stations were built on the basis of this model, some of which continued to be operated until the end of the 80s.

The layout is front-engine, the engine is located to the right of the driver, the drive to the rear axle is through a cardan drive with two outboard bearings. The body of the bus is a carrier carriage type with two four-leaf doors for passengers and one rotary for the driver. Doors for passengers, unlike modern buses, did not open inward but outward, which caused a lot of complaints from citizens, especially in inclement weather, as dirty doors would stain clothes when boarding and landing. Duralumin panels of the body sheathing were mounted on the frame with 4575 5-mm rivets (according to the catalog), which significantly increased the complexity of the assembly. The suspension of all wheels on the ZIL (LiAZ) -158 model was spring on threaded fingers. Both axles had lever shock absorbers. On buses, telescopic shock absorbers appeared before production ended. The main difference between the ZIL-158B and ZIL-158 bodies was the annulment of the No. 4 truss on the right in the spare tire area, and an additional beam was installed between the No. 3 and No. 5 trusses. In addition, the ZIL-158V, unlike the ZIL-158, had a modernized engine, a new single-plate clutch and a new gearbox, and a parking brake on the box. Thus, since 1961, the design of cardan shafts, outboard bearings (and their location) has changed. The parking brake now stood not on the rear outboard bearing, but on the box, and not the disc, but the drum.

These buses were operated in almost all corners of the USSR. The bus was distinguished by problems with the strength of the body due to which its service life did not exceed 8-10 years. With the advent of LiAZ-677 buses, ZIL-158 buses began to be phased out. Their massive write-off began in the second half of the 70s. In Moscow, these buses were removed from the routes in 1978, in Minsk in 1977, and in Leningrad in 1978. The last buses of this type in the USSR were removed from the routes in the early 80s. After decommissioning, many cars were disposed of on-site, some were transferred to departments and enterprises, underwent several overhauls and worked for some time as official ones.

Passenger capacity - 32 seats, nominal total passenger capacity - 60 people, maximum passenger capacity - 70 people.

Engine - ZIL-158, gasoline, lower valve, in-line, 6-cylinder, 101.6 × 114.3 mm, 5.55 l, compression ratio 6.5; power of 80 kW (109 hp) at 2800 rpm; torque 333.5 Nm (34.5 kgf · m) at 1300 rpm, carburetor K-84M.

Transmission - manual transmission, three-way with five gears forward and one back, the gear ratio of the main gear is 7.63.

The brake system is pneumatically driven.

dimensions

• Length 9030 mm
• Width 2500 mm
• Height 3000 mm
• Base 4858 mm
• Ground clearance (under the rear axle housing) 260 mm
• Turning Radius (Outside) 10.9 m

Weight parameters

• Curb Weight - 6500 kg;
• Gross weight - 10 840 kg;
• Fuel tank capacity - 150 L

Other parameters

• Maximum speed on the highway - up to 65 km / h
• Fuel consumption when driving on the highway - 37 l / 100 km (linear fuel consumption rate - 42.5 l / 100 km)
• Tires 11.00-20

• ZIL-158A - tourist, characterized by glazed slopes of the roof, a damped rear door and a 4-row layout of the cabin, the number of seats - 36; a batch of such buses was built for the Moscow International Festival of Students and Youth. It is noteworthy that he became the first representative of the ZIL (LiAZ) -158 series buses. (1957 g).
• ZIL-158D - a deep modernization of the basic model ZIL-158 with unified stamped panels on the rear and front of the body, a three-row layout of the cabin and increased storage areas. Not serially produced; (1959 g).
• ZIL-158 + Aremkuz-2PN-4 is an experienced bus train consisting of a ZIL-158 tractor and a bus trailer Aremkuz-2PN-4. Several of these "trains" underwent trial operation in Moscow in 1959-1961. There is evidence that in the Crimea during the summer holidays trolleybus buses from MTB-82 and ZIL-158 were made, and in Leningrad bus trailers were made from decommissioned trolleybus bodies, but such “trains” did not work long due to increased wear on the bus-tractor ; (1959-1961 gg.).
• ZIL-158V - a modernized bus. Farm No. 4 was canceled, a beam was introduced between farms No. 3 and No. 5, brakes were improved, a modernized ZIL-158V engine was used with a compression ratio increased to 6.5 (gasoline A-72) and increased to 34.5 kgf-m at 1100 rpm / min of torque. Introduced modified clutch, gearbox, final drive.
• ZIL-158VA - a modernized tourist bus. Mechanical changes are similar to mod. ZIL-158V; (1961-1970 gg.).
• LiAZ-5E-676 is the first Soviet experimental articulated four-door bus based on the LiAZ-158V model. Length 15.43 m, passenger capacity 123 people, curb weight, 10 800 kg, top speed 60 km / h. It was not mass-produced, since the engine power of the ZIL-130 type was completely insufficient for such a heavy machine; (1962 g).
• RA1 “rail bus type 1” is a two-car railcar using bodies and power transmission of the ZIL-158V bus. 1 instance assembled. (1962 g).

In addition, after the end of passenger operation, ZIL (LiAZ) -158 buses were converted by various motor transport enterprises and offices into freight vans, technical assistance vehicles, mobile power points, and other equipment.

• In 1966, the ZIL-158 bus starred in the film " Tenderness ." In the first novel of the film "Sanzhar" the main character almost falls under the ZIL-158 bus.

• ZIL-158 is also found in the movie “ Operation Y and Shurik’s other adventures ” (short story “Partner”), where the main character Shurik is waiting for ZIL-158 13 of the route at the station “Knitted fak”, where Fedya arranges a brawl .
• The large-scale model of the ZIL (LiAZ) -158V bus is produced by the Vektor-Models workshop in a scale of 1/43.
• Since August 26, 2011, ClassicBus model company presented to the mass collector a scale model 1/43 LiAZ-158V in white and blue. Later reissued in color beige with burgundy.

• LiAZ-158 on the site "Retro cars"
• The history of LiAZ-158 buses on the Kharkov Transport website