The history of Guatemala 's postal and postage stamps covers the development of postal services in Guatemala , a state in Central America with its capital in Guatemala . Own postage stamps have been issued here since 1871 [1] [2] . Guatemala participates in the Universal Postal Union (UPU; since 1881 ) [3] . The postal service in the country is the responsibility of the Directorate General of Post and Telegraphs of Guatemala [4] [5] .
 Republic of Guatemala | |
|---|---|
| Spanish República de Guatemala | |
 Guatemala 's first 1 centavo postage stamp issued in 1871 ( Sc # 1a) [^] | |
| Mail History | |
| Mail exists | since 1620 |
| UPU member | from August 1, 1881 |
| Post Administration | |
| 1859-1881 | 1 peso = 8 reais or 100 centavos |
| 1881-1927 | 1 peso = 100 centavos |
| since 1927 | 1 quetzal = 100 centavo |
| Directorate General of Posts and Telegraphs of Guatemala | |
| Post office | 7a. avenida 12-11, zona 1, Palacio de Correos, Ala Sur, Guatemala , CA, Guatemala |
| Mail site | correosytelegrafos.civ.gob.gt |
| First postage stamps | |
| Standard | 1871 |
| Commemorative | 1897 |
| Semi-mail | 1937 |
| Office | 1902 |
| Express delivery | 1940 |
| Airmail | 1929 |
| Other | postal tax - 1919 |
| Post block | 1938 |
| Philately | |
| FIP member from country | Guatemala Philatelic Association [≡] |
| Society Office | Asociación Filatelica de Guatemala, Apartado Postal 39, 01901 Guatemala, CA, Guatemala |
| Society website | facebook.com |
Content
- 1 Mail Development
- 2 Postage Stamp Issues
- 2.1 First marks
- 2.2 Subsequent issues
- 3 Other types of postage stamps
- 3.1 Airmail
- 3.2 Postal and tax
- 3.3 Service
- 3.4 Hurry
- 3.5 Post-stamp
- 3.6 Telegraphic stamps
- 4 Fake and Fake Stamps
- 5 Mail Conflict
- 6 Whole things
- 7 Philately development
- 8 See also
- 9 notes
- 10 Literature
- 11 Links
Mail Development
Initially, the history of mail in Guatemala was connected with Spanish rule from 1523 to 1821, when Guatemala was a Spanish colony . Postal service was carried out from Mexico City until 1620 , when the mail concession was officially sold to Pedro Crespo Suarez ( Spanish Pedro Crespo Suarez ), who became the postmaster of Guatemala. In 1748, a monthly mail route to the city of Oaxaca was opened. After the return of the postal service in 1767 to the Spanish crown in 1770, the first postal stamps began to be applied in the former capital of Guatemala, the city of Santiago de los Caballeros (now La Antigua ) [6] .
Gaining independence from Spain in 1821, short-term unification with Mexico and the location of Guatemala in the United Provinces of Central America with the capital in the city of Guatemala in 1823-1838 practically did not affect the postal service in the country. Guatemala gained complete independence from Spain in March 1847. Before the formation of the UPU in 1874, a network of agents was formed in the country that forwarded international mail . Postal service began to be carried out by packet bots on a monthly basis on the east coast in 1851 and on the west coast in cooperation with other states. Packbots cruised along the coast, delivering mail to the railway in Panama [6] .
On August 1, 1881, Guatemala began to participate in the activities of the UPU [3] .
Since 1921, Guatemala has also been a member of the Postal Union of American States, Spain and Portugal (abbreviated UPAEP ) [5] . On October 1, 1937, Spain entered into circulation an American- Spanish return coupon ( Cupón-respuesta americoespañol ). It was distributed in the countries of this postal union, including Guatemala, until February 29, 1956 [7] .
Museum breadboard model of a Caudron C.630 Simoun by Air Bleu . On a plane of this model, Saint Exupery crashed in 1938 while taking off in Guatemala and was seriously injured [8] |
Until 2014, the country's postal operator was (“Post”) [3] [4] [9] , or Correos de Guatemala SA [5] [9] , after which the postal business came under the control of a government body - Directorate General of Posts and Telegraphs ( Dirección General de Correos y Telégrafos ) [4] [5] .
Stamp Issues
The first pasted stamps of Guatemala were fiscal stamps issued in 1868 [10] [11] .
First Marks
The first postage stamps of Guatemala were issued in 1871 [6] [12] [13] [14] [≡] . The stamps printed by the in Paris depict the coat of arms of Guatemala [14] :
- The first issue of postage stamps of Guatemala (1871)
1 centavo ( Sc # 1a) , quartet of quicklift toothless marks
5 centavo ( Sc # 2) , quick
10 Centavos ( Sc # 3) , Quick
20 centavos ( Yt # 4; Sc # 4) , quick
Redeemed by oval numbered postmark
Subsequent Issues
The following Spanish inscriptions appear on subsequent stamps of Guatemala: “Correos de Guatemala ” (“Post of Guatemala”) [≡] , “Union postal universal. Guatemala " (Universal Postal Union. Guatemala") [≡] , "Guatemala. CA ” (“ Guatemala. Central America ”), “ Rpb ca de Guat a ” (“ Republic of Guatemala ”), “ Correos Nacionales de la R. de Guatemala ” (“ National Post of the Republic of Guatemala ”), “ Correos nacionales ” (“ National Post ”) [2] .
In the classical period, relatively few Guatemalan postage stamps of new drawings came out [14] , among which the following can be cited:
- Third edition featuring the head of Liberty , printed in New York (Columbian Bank Note Company; 1875)
¼ real ( Sc # 7) , canceled by oval numbered postmark "6" (in Quesaltenango )
½ real ( Sc # 8) , slaked
1 real ( Mi # 9; Yt # 9; Sc # 9) , canceled by a British post stamp “B31”
The same canceled by number stamp "14"
2 reals ( Sc # 10) , slaked
- The fourth issue depicting the head of a Guatemalan Indian woman (1878), printed in Paris (A. Chaix & Co.). Mushon's lithography
½ real ( Mi # 11; Yt # 11; Sc # 11) , quick
Same as canceled by black star postmark
2 reais ( Sc # 12) , canceled by oval numbered postmark "6" (in Quesaltenango )
4 real ( Mi # 13; Yt # 13; Sc # 13) , quick
Redeemed by Franco Blue Oval Stamp (Paid)
1 peso ( Mi # 14; Sc # 14) , quick
- Examples of Guatemala's stamps depicting Quetzal - the national symbol of the country and the national symbol of freedom
1879: ¼ real ( Sc # 15) , quick
1879: 1 Real ( Sc # 16) , Slaked
1881: 1 centavo overprint on stamp in ¼ real, ( Mi # 17; Sc # 17) , quick
The same, 10 centavos on a mark in 1 real ( Sc # 19)
Issued on November 7, 1881, shortly after the country joined the union [^]
- Issue featuring a quetzal printed by the American Banknote Company (1881)
2 centavos ( Mi # 22; Sc # 22) , quick
5 centavos ( Mi # 23; Yt # 24) redeemed by a black dumb postmark
The same canceled by the red number stamp "(1) 8" (in )
10 centavos ( Mi # 24; Yt # 25) redeemed by hand dumb postmark in the form of purple circles
20 centavos ( Mi # 25; Sc # 25) , quick
At the same time, a lot of pharmacies were issued, which were overprints on the available postage stamps of new denominations [14] .
The first commemorative release was carried out in 1897 [1] [≡] :
The first postal unit of Guatemala appeared in 1938 [1] .
- Examples of Guatemala Postage Stamps Published in the 20th Century
1902: quetzal is a national symbol ( Mi # 111; Yt # 120; Sc # 114)
1902: Amatitlan Lake and Pakaya Volcano ( Mi # 115; Yt # 124)
1956: 2nd anniversary of "national liberation" [15] ( Mi # 588)
Until the 1960s, Guatemalan postage stamps were printed by such well-known printing houses of the world as the American Bank Note Company (New York), (London) and many others [14] .
According to L. L. Lepeshinsky [2] , a total of 686 postage stamps and seven blocks were issued from 1871 to 1963.
From the very first issue to the present day, postage stamps of mainly national subjects are issued in Guatemala [14] , as in the example below:
Other Stamps
Airmail
The first airmail stamps of Guatemala came into circulation in 1929 [1] . For the country's postal stamps the inscription is characteristic: “Correo aéreo” (“ Airmail ”). In addition, there are overprints and inscriptions on the original stamps: “Servicio postal aéreo interior” (“Airmail intercom”, “Aéreo international” (“International airmail”), “Aéreo exterior” (“External airmail”), “Correo aéreo ” (“ Airmail ”) [2] .
Post and Tax
The Guatemalan postal service in 1919-1949 also used postal and tax stamps [1] .
Service
In 1902-1939, Guatemala Post also issued service marks and blocks [1] [2] . Such stamps, which are indicated by the inscriptions: “Franqueo official” (“ Official payment”), “Oficial” (“Official”), 84 pieces were published [2] .
Hurry
In Guatemala, stamps of urgent mail were issued, of which three pieces were issued [2] .
Post-stamps
In the period 1898-1902, fiscal stamps were applied in the form of postage stamps on the territory of Guatemala, on which corresponding overprints were made [1] . According to L. L. Lepeshinsky [2] , a total of three such postal stamps were published.
Telegraphic Marks
Guatemalan telegraphic emissions are also known [16] [≡] .
Fake and Fake Stamps
In May 1867, long before the first official postage stamps of Guatemala appeared, Taylor’s fakes saw the light. These were two 5 centavos counterfeit stamps , prepared in Boston by Samuel Allan Taylor, a well-known counterfeiter of his time, and printed in the same place at the Holland Printing Company as allegedly the first Guatemalan stamps [17] [18] :
Engraver J.P. Wilcox ( JAP Wilcox )
Numerous fake stamps and postal stamps of Guatemala are also known [19] .
Email Conflict
In 1939, Guatemala depicted on one of its postage stamps a state map that fully included the territory of neighboring British Honduras . Territorial claims took place over the following decades and were withdrawn only in 1991 [1] [20] .
Whole things
Until now, Guatemala has emitted relatively few items , and they are rarely found in collections of collectors of Guatemalan postage stamps . So, during the years 1875-1936, marked envelopes , postcards , paid response cards [21] [22] , newspaper parcels [≡] , secret cards , postal sheets , telegraphic envelopes , exhibition postcards , were occasionally sent to the postal service , official and some other integral things [23] .
Philately Development
In 1932, the Guatemalan Philatelic Society ( Spanish: Sociedad Filatélica de Guatemala ) was created, subsequently transformed into the Guatemalan Philatelic Association ( Asociación Filatelica de Guatemala ). The organization publishes Guatemala Filatélica ( Guatemala Filatelica ), a magazine formerly titled La Revista Filatélica Centroamericana ( Central American Philatelic Magazine ) [24] [25] [^] .
Philatelists from different countries interested in the history of postal and postage stamps of Guatemala are united by the International Society of Guatemala Collectors of Postage Stamps . It has existed since 1948 and publishes the quarterly newsletter El Ketsal ( Spanish: El Quetzal ). Since 1970, the organization is an affiliate of the American Philatelic Society under the number UN0036 and is based in the United States [26] [27] .
In 1969, the International Society of Guatemalan Collectors was awarded the Crawford Medal for the preparation and publication of a philatelic study in English. “Guatemala Volume I Postal History and Stamps to Mid 1902” (Guatemala, Volume I: “History of Postal and Postage Stamps Until Mid-1902”) [28] .
See also
- Guatemala History
- Guatemalan fiscal stamps
- c: Stamps of Guatemala, 1868-1900 [Stamps of Guatemala from 1868-1900 on Wikimedia Commons ]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Guatemala // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas ... [and others ] ; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988. - S. 60. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 . (Retrieved June 15, 2017) Archived copy . Date of treatment September 30, 2018. Archived June 15, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Guatemala // Philatelic geography (foreign countries): Reference book / L. L. Lepeshinsky. - M .: Communication, 1967. - S. 355. - 480 p. (Retrieved June 17, 2017) Archived copy . Date of treatment June 8, 2017. Archived June 15, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Guatemala . The UPU : Member countries: Americas . Universal Postal Union . - UPU: States Parties: Guatemala. Date of treatment June 15, 2017. Archived June 15, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Marco de Referencias (Spanish) . Quienes somos . Guatemala , Guatemala: Dirección General de Correos y Telégrafos de Guatemala. Date of treatment June 12, 2017. Archived June 12, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Países miembros: Guatemala (Spanish) . La Organización . Montevideo , Uruguay : UPAEP. Date of treatment May 28, 2017. Archived May 28, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Rossiter S. , Fowler J., Wellsted R. Guatemala . Stamp Collecting Resources: Stamp Atlas . Knutsford , UK : Sandafayre Stamp Auctions; Sandafayre (Holdings) Ltd. - Guatemala. Date of treatment June 15, 2017. Archived June 15, 2017.
- ↑ Restricted Unions Reply Coupons - Generalities . Postal Reply Coupons . France : André Hurtré (March 11, 2011). Date of treatment June 2, 2008. Archived January 11, 2012.
- ↑ Cabrera C. La relación que tienen los paisajes de Guatemala y el libro El Principito (Spanish) . Notas: Cultura . Guatemala, Guatemala: Guatemala.com (13 de julio de 2016). Date of treatment June 17, 2017. Archived June 17, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 Inicio / Home (Spanish) . Correo de Guatemala, SA - Invalid website for El Correo (Correo de Guatemala) . Date of treatment August 21, 2012. Archived February 13, 2010.
- ↑ Forbin A. Catalog prix courant de tous les timbre fiscaux emis dans le monde entire. - Paris , France , 1910. - P. 493. (fr.)
- ↑ The fiscal stamps of Guatemala // Morley's Philatelic Journal. - 1906. - Vol. 7. - No. 6 (June). - P. 42. (English)
- ↑ Stamps of the World Volume 2. - Stanley Gibbons , 2004 .-- P. 500.
- ↑ Rossiter S. , Fowler J. The Stamp Atlas: A Unique Assembly of Geography, Social and Political History, and Postal Information. - 1st edn. - L. , Sydney : Macdonald, 1986. - P. 170. - 336 p. - ISBN 0-356-10862-7 . (eng.)
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Guatemala . Profiles: Americas . The Netherlands : StampWorldHistory.com; Gerben van Gelder. Date of treatment June 15, 2017. Archived June 15, 2017.
- ↑ We are talking about a military coup of 1954 with the support of the CIA and the subsequent rise to power of President Castillo Armas .
- ↑ See their selection on Wikimedia Commons .
- ↑ Galinski M. Samuel Allan Taylor of Montréal forgeries (21 ) (PDF). The Mike Galinski - Forgers collection . Fight Against Fakes and Forgeries Commission of the Fédération Internationale de Philatélie (FIP) . Date of treatment June 14, 2017. Archived June 14, 2017.
- ↑ See also pages on Wikimedia Commons:
- c: Philatelic fakes and forgeries # 1867 Taylor bogus
- c: Stamps of Guatemala, 1868-1900 # Bogus stamps
- c: Philatelic fakes and forgeries # 1867 Taylor bogus
- ↑ See related pages on Wikimedia Commons:
- c: Philatelic fakes and forgeries # Guatemala
- c: Stamps of Guatemala, 1868-1900 # Forged 1871 stamps
- c: Stamps of Guatemala, 1868-1900 # Forged 1872 stamps
- c: Stamps of Guatemala, 1868-1900 # Forged 1875 stamps and cancels
- c: Stamps of Guatemala, 1868-1900 # Forged 1871 stamps
- c: Philatelic fakes and forgeries # Guatemala
- ↑ Guatemala - Belize . Maps on Stamps: Thematic Cartography: Borders and Wars . Dan's Topical Stamps. Date of treatment March 25, 2010. Archived on April 16, 2012.
- ↑ Cards with a paid answer // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas ... [ and others ] ; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988. - P. 123. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 . (Retrieved July 31, 2017) Archived copy . Date of treatment September 30, 2018. Archived July 31, 2017.
- ↑ See also .
- ↑ Luspo A., Jr. Guatemala Postal Stationery Issues, 1875-1936 . Postal Stationery: The Collections . Manila , Philippines : The Asian Philatelist; Abraham Luspo, Jr. (July 30, 2006). Date of treatment June 16, 2017. Archived June 16, 2017.
- ↑ Asociación Filatelica de Guatemala (Spanish) . - Invalid Guatemalan Philatelic Association website. Date of treatment June 4, 2017. Archived July 18, 2013.
- ↑ Asociación Filatelica de Guatemala - Yahoo Grupos (Spanish) . México . México , México: Yahoo de México, SA de CV - Guatemalan Philatelic Association. Date of treatment June 15, 2017. Archived December 20, 2013.
- ↑ Home Page . USA : International Society of Guatemala Collectors (2017). Date of treatment June 15, 2017. Archived June 15, 2017.
- ↑ International Society of Guatemala Collectors - ISGC UN0036 . Printable Society List . , PA , USA: American Philatelic Society . Date of treatment June 12, 2017. Archived June 12, 2017.
- ↑ The Society's Medals and Honorary Fellowship. - L .: The Royal Philatelic Society London , 2009. (English)
Literature
- Andrews JC Telegraph Stamps & Whole Items = Guatemalan Telegraph Stamps & Stationery. - Detroit , MI , USA: International Society of Guatemala Collectors, 1994. - ISBN 1-880721-01-5 . (English) [Amended version of the 1993 edition of the same name.]
- Goodman RA The postal history and stamps to mid-1902, post offices and postal rates, the postal markings // Guatemala: A Guide to the History of Post and Philately of Guatemala = Guatemala: A Handbook on the Postal History and Philately of Guatemala / RA Goodman. - L .: , 1969. - Vol. 1. (English)
- Goodman RA The adhesive postage stamps from mid-1902 through 1971; The postal stationery; Pioneer and first flights; Meters and essays; The ambulance markings; Fiscal and telegraph stamps // Guatemala: A Handbook on the History of Post and Philately of Guatemala = Guatemala: A Handbook on the Postal History and Philately of Guatemala / RA Goodman. - 2nd edn, reprinted. - L .: Robson Lowe, 1984. - Vol. 2. - ISBN 0-913129-02-X . (eng.)
- Gruson C. Guatemala Postal Stamps = The Postal Markings of Guatemala, Sus Marcas Postales, Parts I & II. - International Society of Guatemala Collectors, 2004-2007. - 269 p. - ISBN 1-880721-05-8 . (English) (Spanish)
- Gruson C., Jickling D. Postage stamps of Guatemala, 1871-2007 = The Postage Stamps of Guatemala, 1871-2007. - International Society of Guatemala Collectors, 2007. - ISBN 1-880721-06-6 . (English) (Spanish)
Links
- Guatemala. Encyclopaedia of Postal History (inaccessible link) . Stampsite: The Encyclopaedia of Postal Authorities . J. Leach. - Information on stamps of Guatemala in the database "Encyclopedia of the History of Mail. Encyclopedia of Post Offices. " Date of treatment September 19, 2011. Archived on February 6, 2012.
- Luspo A., Jr. Guatemala Traditional Philately: The Collections . Manila, Philippines: The Asian Philatelist; Abraham Luspo, Jr. (July 30, 2006). - Online - an exhibition of the first four issues of Guatemala. Date of treatment June 15, 2017. Archived June 15, 2017.