Boleslav Cheslavovich Sventorzhetsky ( 1831 - 1888 ) - a nobleman, one of the leaders of the uprising of 1863-1864. in the Igumen district of Minsk province.
| Boleslav Cheslavovich Sventorzhetsky | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | Venice |
| Citizenship | Russian empire |
| Occupation | Landowner |
Biography
Born in 1831 in the Minsk province , in the family of Cheslav Tadeushevich Sventorzhetsky (born in 1802 ) and Anna Alekseevna Sventorzhetskaya. He studied at the Vilna Nobility Institute (he graduated in 1853 ), then - at St. Petersburg University . He owned the Bogushevichi hereditary estate in the Igumen district of the Minsk province, which also included the mentes: Lyady, Gorki, Vysokaya Gora, Podvorozhki, Ganuta. He served as a clerk in the Minsk nobility deputy assembly. Since 1860 , it was under secret surveillance by the police. He was a member of the Minsk Provincial Committee and participated in the development of the conditions of peasant reform (1861) in the Russian Empire .
Participation in the 1863 - 1864 Uprising
During the uprising of 1863-1864, he was the rebel chief of the Igumen district - the commissar of the combined detachments in the Igumen district of the Minsk province and was supposed to lead the uprising from Minsk, but, because he was declassified by the police, was forced to remain in the detachment, hiding in the forests near his estate. For his detention, a reward of 10 thousand silver was appointed. On April 17, 1863, about 30 people gathered at the Bogushevichi estate, armed with rifles, pistols and sabers, ready to take part in the uprising under his leadership. In the volost government building, Boleslav tore off the emperor’s portrait from the wall and read out the manifesto, which he announced to the peasants that “they would not pay any taxes, would not give a recruit, and that he would give the land to them as a gift”, assuring that all the books and papers in Bogushevichy’s stationery destroyed.
After that, the rebels moved towards the village of Lyady to join the Slask detachment of Lyaskovsky, destroying telegraph lines along the way. Together, the detachment covertly moved through the forests of the Igumen district avoiding direct clashes with government forces. On May 8, 1863, the detachment was surrounded twenty miles from the Abbot , near the village of Yurovichi, and, having accepted the battle, was defeated. The rebel forces were dispersed. The Sventorzhetsky estate in the village of Bogushevichi, Igumen district, was destroyed by order of the Vilnius Governor-General Mikhail Nikolayevich Muravyov , the reason for this was the murder by the rebels of the local Orthodox priest - Daniil Konopashevich . [one]
In the former courtyard there was only a grave with executed rebels from the Lyaskovsky party. In revenge to Boleslav, they were hanged in the courtyard of his house. Boleslav’s parents, who also live on the estate, were transferred under arrest to Minsk for assisting the rebels, and after the trial they were exiled to the village of Chembar in the Penza Region. On April 18, 1864 , the church located on the Bogushevichi estate was transferred to the administration of the Orthodox community.
Emigration to France
In the fall of 1863 he emigrated to France, where he studied at a military school in the city of Saint-Cyr-sur-Mer . He took part in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871). He served in Algeria .
Committed suicide in 1888 in Venice
Family
Belonged to the ancient noble Catholic family of the Sventorzec coat of arms “Pipes” .
Father - Cheslav Tadeushevich Sventorzhetsky (1802-1864), owned the estate of Bogushevichy of the Igumen district, Franskovschina (Franskovschina), Cherkasy, Treskovschina of the Minsk district. He was elected to the post of deputy in the Minsk nobility deputy assembly.
Mother - Anna Alekseevna Sventorzhetskaya (−1891).
Grandfather - Tadeusz Antonievich Sventorzhetsky - was elected to the position of Minsk district leader of the nobility.
Wife - Laura Kazimirovna Zavadskaya (-1864), niece of Lev Oshthorp.
The godfather of Boleslav Sventorzhetsky was the Minsk provincial leader of the nobility (marshals) in 1823-1847. Lev Frantsevich Oshthorp (1785-1851).
Daughter - Sofia Boleslavovna Sventorzhetskaya lived in Venice.
Literature
- Kіsyalyoў G.V. On the peraloma of two eras: Paestnán 1863 on Mіnshchyna / G.V. Kіsyalyoў. - Mn., 1990.
- Z. Kowalewska Ze wspomnien wygnanca
- Scheglov G. E. Year 1863: forgotten pages. - 2nd ed., Ext. - Minsk: Brotherhood in honor of the Holy Archangel Michael in Minsk, the diocese of the Belarusian Orthodox Church, 2007. - 98 p.
Notes
- ↑ G. Shcheglov. [www.litmir.me/br/?b=540161&p=1 Year 1863. Forgotten Pages] . Litmir - electronic library (2013). Date of appeal May 23, 2018.