Crown (Bible)

1. The word “crown” serves to convey “zer” (זר), a technical term often used in the priestly parts of the book of Exodus to refer to the golden borders that decorated the Ark of the Covenant ( Exodus 25:11 ), the table ( 25:24 ), its walls ( 25:25 ) and an altar for incense ( 30: 3 ); such usage is rare ^[1] .
2. More often, the word “crown” is used to convey another Hebrew word - “nezer” (נזר), meaning a special headband worn by the Jewish kings as a symbol of their monarchy ( 2 Sam. 1:10 ; 2 Sam. 11:12 ) or high priests ( Exodus 29: 6 , 39:30 ) ^[1] .
3. The word “zer” (זר) is used in a figurative sense to refer to the power of the king (“ because wealth is not forever, and is power really from generation to generation? ” / Prov. 27:24 ) ^[1] .
4. Both literally ( 2 Sam. 12:30 ; Ezek. 21:31 ) and figuratively ( Job 19: 9 , 31:36 ), the word “atarah” (עטרה; crown) is also used to indicate wreaths , which they placed on their heads at feasts as a decoration ( Exodus 28: 1 ) or as a reward in games ( Prov. 4: 9 ) ^[1] .
5. In the book of Esther , the word “keter” (כתר) is given to designate the royal crown ^[1] .

For Talmudists, the word עטרה is used instead of the biblical זר in the meaning of "border" or "border" ( Kelim , V, 3; Agalot XIV, 1). In targums, the term "זר" is sometimes conveyed by the word "כליל", also meaning "crown". The later biblical “ Keter ” is used to signify the symbol of reign, and a new word of non-Jewish origin, “tagah” (תגא), is introduced next to it to indicate the royal crown and for any decoration in general. ^[one]

The “crown of the Torah ” is a small crown with bells, which is usually made of gilded silver, with the inscription “רתר תורה”. It is placed on the upper end of the handles of the Torah scroll . A similar emblem, often placed between two lions, as symbols of power, adorns the cover of the scroll and the cover of the Ark . ^[one]

The “Crown of Righteousness, " the bliss of the righteous in the hereafter, is described by Rav in Ber. , 17a: " In the future life there is no food and drink, no marriages, no trade, no envy, no enmity, no rivalry, only the righteous will sit with a crown on their heads and enjoy the shekinah gleam, as it is said about the elect from the sons of Israel : “They saw God, and that was their food and drink” ( Exodus 24:11 , Targum ; synodal translation: “ they saw God, and they ate and drank ”) ^[1] .

To Sang. , 111b and Meg. 15b, p. Hanina says: “ God himself will be the crown of glory on the head of every righteous one, ” for it is written: “ On that day the Lord of hosts will be the crown of glory and a diadem of beauty for the remnant of His people ” ( Isa. 28: 5 ) ^[1] .

The Zohar (Waiheha, krak. Ed., 290) tells of thrones surrounded by crowns, prepared in paradise for the righteous thirty days before their birth at the same time that their soul’s forthcoming passage to the far world is announced. So says the poet , author of Akdamuth : " Under a canopy of crystal clouds, wearing a crown of beauty on his head, each in accordance with his own affairs, on a throne with seven golden steps ." ^[one]

• Tagin (decorative “crowns” in some letters of the Hebrew alphabet)
• Crown (headdress) | Crown of thorns
• Miter (headdress) | Papal tiara
• Corolla (Orthodoxy)
• Aurum coronarium (golden wreath offered by the Roman provinces to the emperor)