House Neklyudova

Children's Hospital of the Moscow Educational House

Moscow doctors for many years demanded the construction of a children's hospital. The community was seriously puzzled by the high infant mortality rate and the need to treat children in adult hospitals. The hospital on Malaya Bronnaya became the first in Moscow and the second in Russia.

The hospital opened on December 6, 1842 in a house bought from Neklyudova for 30,000 rubles in silver. The purchase of the estate and the arrangement of the hospital was carried out with donations from philanthropists, and the highest permission to raise funds was given by the Governor General of Moscow, His Excellency Prince Dmitry Golitsyn .

To accommodate a hospital with 100 beds, the reconstruction of the building was necessary, which was carried out by the famous Moscow architect Mikhail Bykovsky . On the third floor of the main house, a church was built in the name of St. Tatiana (in memory of Tatyana Golitsyna - the wife of the governor-general, a well-known philanthropist who died in 1841).

Since 1845, the hospital was included in the department of the institutions of the Empress Maria and was named the Children's Hospital of the Moscow Educational House . The people of the hospital received the name "Bronnaya."

Since 1846, the hospital began to conduct practical classes for students of the medical faculty of Moscow University .

Until 1876, it remained the only children's hospital in Moscow. During this time, more than forty thousand children were cured at the hospital’s funds and over 600,000 medical examinations were performed.

The hospital enjoyed a high reputation thanks to qualified doctors. Andrei Stanislavovich Kronenberg , Leonid Grigoryevich Vysotsky , Nikolai Alekseevich Tolsky , Yegor Arsenyevich Pokrovsky , Nikolai Vikentyevich Yablokov , Dmitry Egorovich Gorokhov worked here. All of these luminaries are considered teachers of the outstanding domestic pediatrician, Neil Fedorovich Filatov , whose name was assigned to the Bronnaya Hospital in 1922. Filatov worked for 16 years as a resident of the hospital on Malaya Bronnaya.

In 1883, after a fire, the hospital was closed. There is only an outpatient department.

The last tenant of the building (until 2016) is the Mosinzhstroy company.

Demolition

In April 2016, the then owner of the house, Margarita Gvozdeva, sent a request for the preparation of a town-planning plan for the land plot for the reconstruction and superstructure of the building. The appeal emphasized: "without demolition", but requested a height of up to 30 meters (twice the historical). The appeal contains a resolution of Sergei Sobyanin addressed to the deputy mayor ( Marat Khusnullin ): “Consider, Report personally.”

The interest of the city leadership in this house remains a mystery - Moscow homeowners submit hundreds of such appeals. According to the established procedure, the conclusions of the relevant departments were requested, in particular, the Moscow City Cultural Heritage Department (Mosgornaslediya) . In April 2016, Mosgornasledie wrote that urban planning regimes and regulations were developed for this territory at the city’s expense, according to which “the building at the address: ul. Malaya Bronnaya , d. 15B is assigned to historically valuable city-forming objects, a regime has been established for the area under consideration that provides for the building's elevation to be limited to 16.38 m ” ^[1] .

The review of the Moscow Architecture Committee was softer, but it also recalls that the site is located in the zone of strict regulation of development. This department allowed "the reconstruction of the building with a superstructure of no more than 1 floor, for residential purposes, without increasing the spot of development".

On November 18, 2016, the Moscow City Architecture Committee issues to the new owner ( LidEstate LLC) a GPZU for a building 28 meters high, which corresponds to the height of a 7-story building.

In March 2017, the Vesti program released a story about the fact that under the guise of reconstruction of the Neklyudova House it was actually being demolished - the plot included a comment by one of the workers that the house is likely to be demolished ^[2] . The public spoke out against, the representative of the developer - avoided answering questions about the future of the building.

On April 24, 2017, the Department of Cultural Heritage of Moscow refused to include the house in the list of identified cultural heritage sites of Moscow. Moreover, by the same order, Neklyudova’s house was excluded from the list of objects possessing signs of cultural heritage objects ^[3] . By this order, the department completely devalued the historical building, creating the legal possibility of demolishing the house. With the request for demolition, the owner (LidEstate LLC) turned to the Department at the beginning of May 2017.

On May 6, 2017, at 4 a.m., the demolition of the historic Neklyudova house began. Life TV channel published a video ^{[4] of} this event, which the majority of the indigenous inhabitants of the center of Moscow consider a crime against the history of the city . According to the conclusion of the “ Moscow City Heritage ”, the building was not “neither an object of cultural heritage, nor an identified object of cultural heritage”. Representatives of the movement " Archnadzor " called the demolition of the House Neklyudova an outstanding example of "urban barbarism and lawlessness" ^[5] .

At the end of 2016, the building was available at the bases of Moscow real estate agencies, was sold for 770 million rubles and was described as “ready for arrival”, that is, there were no technical prerequisites for the demolition of House Neklyudova.