Arak reservoir ( azerb. Araz su anbarı ) is a reservoir in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan and Iranian West Azerbaijan . It was formed on the Araks River in 1971 during the construction of the Araks Dam at the Nakhichevan city, in accordance with the Soviet-Iranian interstate agreement.
| Arak reservoir | |
|---|---|
| azerb. Araz su anbarı | |
| Morphometry | |
| Height above sea level | 777.5 m |
| Dimensions | 52 × 6.1 km |
| Square | 145 km² |
| Volume | 1,254 km³ |
| Pool | |
| Flowing watercourses | Araks , Nakhchivanchai |
| Flowing watercourse | Arax |
| Location | |
| Country |
|
| Regions | Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic , Western Azerbaijan |
The volume of water is 1,254 [1] km³. The surface area is 145 [1] km². Height above sea level - 777.5 [2] m.
The reservoir, in addition to using the Araks hydroelectric station for needs, is also used for irrigation of 400 thousand ha of land in Azerbaijan and Iran. The tributary of the Araks - Nakhchivanchai flows into the reservoir.
The Arak reservoir is a reservoir of a flat-riverbed type; its average annual water exchange coefficient is 3.7 on average. The depletion of the water level per year is 10-12 m, the maximum water level is observed at the end of June, the minimum in September. Oxygen (6–12.5 O 2 mg / l) and temperature (4–28.5 ° C) modes are favorable for the development of the hydrofauna of the reservoir as a whole.
Fauna
In the Arak reservoir, 73 species of zooplankton organisms were recorded: rotifers - 37, pedigree - 20 and copepods - 16 species [3] .
The macrozoobenthos of the reservoir is represented by 5 types, 9 classes, 18 orders, 34 families, 77 genera, and 105 species and subspecies of bottom organisms. The number of species is dominated by the groups Chironomidae (35 species) 36.0%, Coleoptera (14 species) 14.4%, Oligochaeta (8 species) 8.2% and Odonata (7 species) 7.2% [4] .
The ichthyofauna of the Arak reservoir includes 29 species and subspecies of fish belonging to 25 genera and 8 families. The number of representatives is dominated by the Cyprinidae family (19 species). Young Kurin stellate sturgeon , grass carp and silver carp are introduced into the reservoir to increase its fish productivity [5] .
Currently, the reservoir is an important fishery facility in the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic, and fishing and crayfish are fished in it. The main commercial species are carp , catfish , crucian carp , bream , silver bream and silver carp. The left bank of the reservoir (100 km²) is recognized as one of the main key ornithological territories of the Caucasian ecoregion [6] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Reservoirs of Azerbaijan
- ↑ Map sheet J-38-31 Nakhichevan . Scale: 1: 100,000. 1978 edition
- ↑ Mamedov R.A. Zooplankton of the Nakhichevan reservoir: Abstract. diss ... cand. biol. Sciences, Minsk, 1990, 21 pp.
- ↑ Bayramov A. B. Zoobenthos of the Nakhchivan reservoir: Abstract. diss ... cand. biol. sciences (in Azerbaijani), Baku, 2008, 22 p.
- ↑ Mamedov T. M. Commercial fish of the Nakhchivan reservoir and ways of rational use of their stocks: Author. diss ..., doct. in biology (in Azerbaijani), Baku, 2010, p. 20.
- ↑ Bayramov A. B., Maharramov M. M. Hydrofauna of the Araz reservoir (in Azeri). Nakhchivan: Adzhemi, 2017, 352 s (p. 6-16).