Boris Ivanovich Vinner (full name Bernard Emil Theodor Johannovich Vinner , 1837 - 1897 ) - Russian businessman and industrial figure; major general of artillery.
| Winner Boris Ivanovich | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| Date of Birth | August 20, 1837 | |
| Place of Birth | Revel Russian empire | |
| Date of death | January 27, 1897 (59 years old) | |
| Place of death | Saint Petersburg Russian empire | |
| Nationality |  Russian empire | |
| Occupation | ||
| Spouse | Metalnikova Ekaterina Ivanovna | |
| Awards and prizes | ||
Biography
He was born in Revel on August 20, 1837 in the family of an officer of the Russian Imperial Army, whose ancestors moved from Germany. [one]
After graduating from the St. Petersburg Artillery School, in 1853-1855 he took part in the Crimean War . In 1856, Winner entered the Mikhailovsky Artillery Academy , which he graduated in 1858. After that, he became a member of the Commission for the reconstruction of the state-owned Okhta powder factory . For three years he studied gunpowder production abroad - in Belgium , Germany , France . [2]
B. I. Winner was a member of the Russian Technical Society . In 1871 and 1873 he made reports here "On Sulfur and Niter"; in 1874 - “On the preparation of gunpowder by the applied method of warm pressing”. In 1868, he began work on "An Essay on the State of Powder Production in Russia, the Most Important Issues Related to Ensuring the country's Defense Ability," and in 1867 published the work "Note on the Importance of Saltpeter Production in Russia." [2]
In 1870, Boris Ivanovich Vinner participated in the reconstruction of the Kazan powder factory. In this city, he met Ekaterina Ivanovna Metalnikova, nee Fatyanova, who, after the death of her husband, Metalnikov Ivan Mikhailovich , moved to Kazan due to the need to educate children. In 1883, Winner married Ekaterina Ivanovna, and in 1887 they moved to St. Petersburg.
Private Powder Mill
When in 1876 the Russian emperor Alexander I approved the Decision of the State Council “On the Construction of Private Powder Plants in the Russian Empire”, the following year Winner founded the first private powder factory in the Russian Empire in the village of Nikolskoye, Shlisselburg Uyezd, Petersburg Province (now the city of Nikolskoye in the Tosnensky district of Leningradskaya areas ). He named it in honor of his wife - Catherine Powder Plant B.I. Winner. In 1896, he opened dynamite production workshops, which produced most of the Russian dynamite. In the laboratory of the Catherine Plant, research and experiments related to the production of dynamite were carried out. B.I. Winner owned a number of inventions in the field of powder production, which were highly appreciated at Russian and foreign exhibitions. By the mid-1890s, Winner B.I. gunpowder factory had branches in Nizhny Tagil, Tiflis, Yuzovka and Krivoy Rog. He created his own trading network of warehouses and stores selling explosives.
B.I. Winner died on January 27, 1897 in St. Petersburg. By will, all rights to the powder factory were transferred to his wife, Ekaterina Ivanovna, on whose initiative the factory was transformed into B.I. Winner "for the manufacture and sale of gunpowder, dynamite and other explosives." Among the shareholders were her children from their first marriage - Dmitry and Nikolai, as well as Emmanuel and Ludwig Nobel - the father and brother of Alfred Nobel . [2] In 1917, after the October Revolution , the plant was nationalized.
Property in Crimea
Having a significant fortune, in 1896, Boris Ivanovich Vinner acquired the Artek estate on the southern coast of Crimea [3] , previously owned by Nikolai Andreyevich von Hartvis , the second director of the Imperial Nikitsky Garden. In Artek, the park bears his name. [4] Winner also owned the Partenit estate with vineyards, a plant and wine cellars, which after his death passed to his wife. [2]
- Assets of B.I. Winner
Notes
- ↑ History of the city of Nikolskoye
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Winner Boris Ivanovich (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Hartvis-Winner House
- ↑ Hartvis-Winner Arch in Artek