Gilduin [1] ( Hildi ; Latin Hildinus ; French Hilduin , German Hildi ; second half of the 8th century - January 13, 847 , Verdun ) - Bishop of Verdun (823 / 825-847), one of the most enlightened prelates of his time.
| Guildwin | ||
|---|---|---|
| lat Hildinus | ||
| ||
| 823/825 - 847 | ||
| Predecessor | Garland | |
| Successor | Gatton | |
| Birth | second half of the eighth century | |
| Death | January 13, 847 Verdun | |
| Buried | St. Bath Church, Verdun | |
Biography
In the “ Acts of the Bishops of Verdun ” it is reported that the Guildwin was born in the second half of the VIII century in one of the German regions of the Frankish state [2] . No other information about the origin and early years of the Guild in historical sources has been preserved [3] [4] .
According to the chronicler , the Guildouin ascended the bishop's pulpit of Verdun in 827 or 828. However, most likely, the Guildouin became a bishop shortly after his predecessor Geriland died in 822 [5] . Perhaps this happened in 823 or 825. It is assumed that even before receiving the dignity, the Guildouin was one of the close associates of Emperor Louis I the Pious . The initiators of his election as bishop were the clergy and residents of the city of Verdun, for whom Guildwin was known as a pious and wise man. This request was granted by the emperor, although he wished that the guild would remain among his courtiers. The ceremony of intronization of the new Verdun bishop was held by his metropolitan , Archbishop Trier , together with the bishops of Drogo Metz and Frotariy of Tula [3] [4] [6] [7] [8] .
The first mention of the Guildwin in contemporary sources dates back to June 829, when he accompanied Archbishop Hetty of Trier to the Cathedral in Mainz . Here, Bishop Verdun, along with several other prelates, signed the donation charter of Bishop Le Mans Abbey of St. Remigius in Reims . Perhaps next year he attended a church council in Aachen . Guildwin also participated in the in Thionville on February 2, 835 ( Archbishop Reims Ebbon was removed from it) and in the Kierzi on September 6, 838 [3] [4] [6] [7] [8] .
Along with Drogo Metzsky, Guildouin of Verdun was one of the most faithful prelates to Louis I the Pious during the time of unrest in the Frankish state of 830-834. In 835, the emperor sent Bishop Verdun to his son Lothar I to invite him to Aachen. When Lothar rejected the offer of his father, Louis the Pious in 836 included the Guild in the new embassy to his son. A contemporary of these events, Liudolph, in The Life of the Holy North, Bishop of Ravenna, wrote that the ambassadors, Guildwin, Archbishop of Mainz Otgar , and Counts Varin and Adalgiz, arrived in Pavia and achieved “the resumption of peace and friendship” between the Frankish rulers [3] [4] [8] [9] .
After the death in 840 of Louis I the Pious, the Guildwin became an adversary of Lothar I, supporting the claims of Charles II the Bald to power over the western lands of the Frankish state. Probably, with the mediation of Guildwin at the end of April 842, Verdun hosted a meeting of Karl Lysy and Louis II of Germany , at which the brothers agreed on joint actions against Lothar I [10] . Despite this, under the terms of the Treaty of Verdun 843, the territory of the Guild of Diocese was included in the Middle Kingdom of Lothar [3] [4] [6] [11] .
In the last years of his life, Bishop Guildouin suffered many oppressions from Emperor Lothar I for his sympathies for Charles II the Lysus. Lothar even intended to deprive the Guild of his chair, appointing his close Adalelm as the new Verdun bishop. However, he could not do this, since the Guildwin enlisted the support of the Pope . The emperor had to confine himself to requisition of some possessions belonging to the diocese of Verdun. The conflict between the bishop of Verdun and the emperor in Rome was also recalled after the death of Guildwin, as evidenced by a letter from Pope Nicholas I , in which the pontiff condemned the claims of Adalelm [4] [6] [7] .
The author of the “Acts of the Bishops of Verdun” highly praised the activities of the Guildwin, pointing to his wise management of the flock entrusted to him and the relentless struggle against the abuse of secular persons who encroached on the property and income of the Verdun diocese. An ascetic by nature, the Guildwin directed most of the funds that relied on its maintenance to the needs of his diocese. During his reign, many churches that had previously fallen into disrepair (including the cathedral) were restored, and several new churches were built. Following the decisions taken at the 816–819, Guildwin did his best to introduce the Benedictine Statute in the monasteries subordinate to him (including the in Tolay , where he was rector) [4] [8 ] ] [12] .
The Guildouin died on January 13, 847, and was buried in the Verdun Church of St. Bath. In the Acts of the Bishops of Verdun, it is reported that all the clergy and residents of the city deeply mourned the death of such an outstanding prelate, who had ruled the diocese for twenty-four years. Gutduin's successor at the episcopal chair was Hatton [4] [6] [7] [8] .
Notes
- ↑ Also Hilduin, Ilduin, Alduin, and Guildin.
- ↑ Acts of the Bishops of Verdun (chapter 17).
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Depreux Ph. Prosopographie de l'entourage de Louis le Pieux (781-840) . - Instrumenta. Volume 1. Herausgegeben vom Deutschen Historischen Institut Paris. - Sigmaringen: Jan Thorbecke, 1997 .-- P. 121-122. - ISBN 3-7995-7265-1 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Roussel N. Histoire ecclesiastique et civile de Verdun . - Bar-le-Duc: Laguerre, 1863. - P. 185-186.
- ↑ Verdun annals (year 822).
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Nouvelle biographie générale / Hoefer F. - Paris: Firmin-Didot frères, 1858. - T. XXIV. - P. 680.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Duchesne L. Fastes épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule. T. 3. Les Provinces du Nord et de l'Est . - Paris: Fontemoing et C ie , Éditeur, 1915. - P. 73-74.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Hildi / Hildinus (German) . Saarländische Biografien. Date of treatment May 1, 2017.
- ↑ Bertin Annals (year 836).
- ↑ Nithard . History (Book IV, Chapter 2).
- ↑ Böhmer JF Regesta Imperii. I, Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter den Karolingern 751-918 (987). Band 2. Die Regesten des Westfrankenreichs und Aquitaniens. Teil 1: Die Regesten Karls des Kahlen 840 (823) —877. Lieferung 1: 840 (823) —848. - Wien-Weimar-Köln: Böhlau, 2007 .-- S. 122-123. - ISBN 978-3-412-13206-4 .
- ↑ Abtliste (German) . Benediktinerabtei St. Mauritius Tholey. Date of treatment May 1, 2017.