Murray Bowen ( Eng. Murray Bowen , /; b oʊ ən / ; January 31, 1913 in Waverly, Tennessee - October 9, 1990) is an American psychiatrist and psychologist , professor of psychiatry at Georgetown University . Bowen was among the pioneers of family therapy and the founders of systemic therapy . Since the 1950s, he developed the theory of systems in the family .
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Biography
Murray Bowen (Lucius Murray Bowen [3] ) was born in 1913, the eldest of five children, and grew up in the small town of Waverly, Tennessee , where his father was mayor for some time. [4] Bowen became a bachelor in 1934 at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville . He received his MD in 1937 from the medical school of the University of Tennessee in Memphis . After that, he underwent an internship in New York hospitals from 1938 to 1941. From 1941 to 1946, he underwent military training and the following five years of military service in the US and Europe . During the war, while working with soldiers, his interest shifted from surgery to psychiatry . After military service, he was admitted to the Society of Surgeons at the Mayo Clinic. But in 1946, he began to engage in psychiatry and psychoanalysis in the city of Topeka, Kansas. Psychiatric practice continued until 1954. [five]
From 1954 to 1959, Bowen worked at the National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland, where he continued to develop a theory that was named after him: Bowen's Theory. [6] At that time, family therapy was still only a by-product of the theory . Bowen conducted his initial research on parents who lived with an adult schizophrenic child. Based on this and subsequent studies, Bowen began to integrate the concepts of the new theory (systemic family therapy). He argued that none of this had been previously described in psychological literature.
From 1959 to 1990, he worked at Georgetown University Medical Center in Washington, DC, as a clinical professor in the Department of Psychiatry, and later as Director of Family Strengthening Programs and the founder of the Family Center. He continued to devote half his time to research and teaching. His research was focused on human interactions, not symptom management. Bowen also focused on prodromal conditions that precede medical diagnoses. Bowen, each concept was expanded, and interwoven in physical, emotional and social illnesses. Bowen criticized the tendency of psychiatry to diagnose and treat mental illness, he considered it (a tendency) a limited and dead-end approach. His new work goes beyond other family systems of theories, and sharply contradicts Freud's theory.
In addition to research and training, Bowen taught and advised in other institutions. He was a visiting professor at various medical schools, such as the University of Maryland, from 1956 to 1963, and the Virginia College of Medicine in Richmond from 1964 to 1978. He was a member of the American Psychiatric Association and the American Orthopedic Association, and a member of the Psychiatry Development Group . He was on the American Council of Psychiatry and Neurology in 1961 and the first president of the American Family Therapy Association.
Bowen was the first president of the American Family Therapy Association from 1978 to 1982. He died of lung cancer in 1990.
In November 2002, Bowen's documents were sent to the American National Library of Medicine . [7] A collection of 125 volumes is now stored there. [eight]
Publications
Bowen wrote about fifty articles, book chapters and monographs based on his radically new theory of human behavior based on relationships. [9] [10] Some important publications:
- 1966, The Use of Family Theory in Clinical Practice.
- 1974, Toward the Differentiation of Self in One's Family of Origin.
- 1978, Family Therapy in Clinical Practice, Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson Inc., 1978.
- 1988, '' Family Evaluation: An Approach Based on Bowen Theory, co-written with Kerr, ME at The Family Center at Georgetown University Hospital, "New York: Norton & Co., 1988.
See also
- Theory of Family Systems
Links
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Dr. Lucius Murray Bowen and LeRoy Bowen - Kansas Memory . www.kansasmemory.org . Date of treatment December 7, 2016.
- ↑ Curriculum Vitae of Dr. Bowen by Murray Bowen, Washington, DC January 1990: Dr. Bowen gave here a brief overview in his own vita.
- ↑ His background interest in science led to his formation of a new theory, using systems ideas to replace Freudian concepts, and to seek a full-time research position.
- ↑ Bowen, Joanne. Forward // The Origins of Family Psychotherapy: The NIMH Family Study Project. - Lanham, MD: Jason Aronson, March 28, 2013 .-- P. 2 . - ISBN 978-0-7657-0975-2 .
- ↑ Murray Bowen papers 1951-2004: Access and Use . Archives and Modern Manuscripts Finding Aids . US National Library of Medicine. Date of treatment December 21, 2014.
- ↑ Murray Bowen papers 1951-2004: Summary Information . Archives and Modern Manuscripts Finding Aids . US National Library of Medicine. Date of treatment December 21, 2014.
- ↑ In 1990, Bowen stated that the most important publication was his book, Family Therapy in Clinical Practice , Jason Aronson Inc., publisher, Northvale, NJ, 1978.
- ↑ More biographies are listed in Membership Directories: At the American Psychiatric Association since 1950; At the directory of Medical Specialists since 1952; At the American Men of Medicine in 1961; In the World Who's Who in Science: 1700 BC to 1966 AD (3700 years in one volume) in 1966; In Personalities of the South since 1976; And in the Who's Who in America in 1978.