Metal-organic frameworks ( MOF ), metal-organic coordination polymers ( MOCP ) - a class of hybrid materials , coordination polymers whose lattice structure consists of ions or small metal clusters bonded by organic ligands .
These materials are microporous structures with pore sizes of a few nanometers. They are characterized by high pore identity, large surface area, and high porosity. MOFs can form spatial one-, two- or three-dimensional structures. The choice of metal, organic ligand, and synthesis method determines the size and geometry of the pores.
Synthesis
Most often, MOFs are prepared by growth from aqueous solutions ( hydrothermal method ) or in organic solvents (solvothermal method) in which the ligand and the metal compound are dissolved. Sometimes the synthesis is carried out without solvent. Important mode in temperature and pressure.
Application
- Gas adsorption. In particular, MOFs are considered promising for the storage of hydrogen or methane for energy, CO 2 capture.
- Promising catalysts.
- Gas selective membranes.
See also
- Zeolites
- Activated carbon