Monuments of architecture of Kremenchug - objects of cultural heritage (monuments of architecture and urban planning) located in the city of Kremenchug ( Poltava region , Ukraine ).
Content
- 1 Overview of architectural monuments
- 2 List of architectural monuments
- 3 Objects excluded from the list of architectural monuments
- 4 notes
Overview of Monuments
In Kremenchug, despite its long history, a large number of architectural monuments have not been preserved. Pre-revolutionary architecture, namely, the preserved (including restored) buildings until 1917, are represented mainly by single surviving mansions ( manufacturer Rabinovich , police chief Kazachk , merchant Nemets ). Pre-revolutionary buildings of educational institutions (the Alexander School , the Mariinsky Gymnasium and others) have been preserved. The buildings of such famous architects as Quarenghi and Starov have been lost .
In the Soviet period between the revolution and the occupation of Kremenchug by the Nazis in 1941, numerous educational institutions (schools No. 9.14, 29 and others) were built in the city in the style of Stalinist architecture . Religious institutions were mainly adapted to new needs, with the dismantling of religious attributes: the Catholic church was transformed into a house of culture and exhibition space, a working faculty was opened in the Assumption Church . The wooden Old Believer Pokrovskaya church was dismantled, a school was built on the site. The Kotlov club was built in the style of Ukrainian Art Nouveau , which is considered the first working club in Ukraine. On the main street was built one of the first multi-storey residential buildings in the city, the so-called “125-apartment building”.
Between 1941 and 1943, the city suffered from bombing raids. When retreating from the city in 1943, German troops blew up or set fire to most of the city buildings. As a result of the war, up to 97 percent of the urban housing stock was destroyed [1] , most of the pre-revolutionary architecture was lost.
The post-war Soviet period is characterized by active development of the city. The burnt buildings (the building of the State Bank , schools) are being restored. New monumental buildings in the style of the Stalin Empire style are being built on the site of the ruins that could not be restored (the KrAZ Culture House , the buildings of the Krukovka Carriage Works , schools No. 27, 23 and others). After the construction of the House of Commerce in 1961, the architecture of the city goes towards simplification. None of the houses of later construction were included in the list of architectural monuments.
In the 1980s, the first list of monuments compiled under state protection was compiled. In the 1990s, many buildings decay. In the 2000s, the issue of preserving monuments was raised again, and protection lists were approved. In 2016, within the framework of decommunization , symbols were dismantled from the monuments of the Soviet period. A decision is made to exclude some architectural monuments from the conservation lists (instead of the original 56 points [2], 41 [3] are approved). As of 2017, some monuments are in abandoned condition. Further exclusion of some objects from the list of monuments is planned [4] .
List of architectural monuments
The table provides a list of architectural monuments as of the end of 2016 [3] .
| No. p / p | Title | Address | Build Date | Photo | Short description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| House for monitoring the movement of ships along the Dnieper ( Potemkin tower) | Gogol Street , 2 | until 1787 | The building was part of the ensemble of Novorossiysk public offices. At different times it was used as a pantry, library, club. As of 2017, the oldest city building is abandoned. Belongs to the National Guard of Ukraine. | ||
| Kremenchug Commissariat Commission (a complex of 5 buildings) | 5 Makarenko Street | late 18th - early 19th century | The Kremenchug Commissariat Commission was in charge of clothing support for local troops, abolished in 1864. During the Soviet period, the buildings housed military depots. After 1991, the warehouses were abolished, the buildings are desolate. | ||
| Complex of the General Staff of the Inspector of the Reserve Cavalry and Troops | Gogol Street , 2 | 1844 - 1852 | The headquarters complex has long been used as a military hospital, after 1991 it was transferred to the military unit and fell into disrepair. It was transferred to the city, in 2016 the city transferred the building of the National Guard of Ukraine. | ||
| Mariinsky Gymnasium | Victory Street , 17/6 | until 1866 | The former building of the gymnasium for girls, bearing the name of Empress Maria Alexandrovna . The famous sculptor Eleanor Bloch and the first woman lawyer in the empire, Ekaterina Fleishits, studied at the school. Now the building belongs to the Kremenchug Flight College . | ||
| The building of the Kremenchug district zemstvo | Kotsyubinsky Street , 2 | until 1877 | The former building of the Kremenchug district zemstvo is used as a residential building. | ||
| Assumption Church in Kryukovo | Makarenko Street , 107 | 1877 | The oldest surviving (the only pre-revolutionary) church of Kremenchug. Refers to the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate . | ||
| The building of the hotel "Victoria" | Street Lieutenant Pokladova , 10-A | until 1884 | The hotel was located opposite the Palmira Hotel. Russian scientist Vasily Dokuchaev and Vladimir Vernadsky stayed in Victoria [5] . Now in the building is a residential building. | ||
| House of the manufacturer Rabinovich | Sofievskaya street , 73 | end of the 19th century | Former mansion of the owner of a tobacco-farmer factory. Today, the building houses a center for standardization, metrology and certification. | ||
| The building of the hotel "Palmira" | 3 Lieutenant Pokladov Street | end of the XIX century (destroyed in 1943, restored) | The building housed one of the most famous hotels in the city, “Palmyra” (in the Soviet period it was called “October”). Nowadays, the city education department is located in the building. | ||
| Gutovsky’s House (erroneously called Shaposhnikov’s house [6] ) | Sofievskaya street , 1 | end of the 19th century | The former mansion of General Gutovsky, built in the style of a modernized classic. Now the building belongs to the kindergarten "Apple". | ||
| State Bank building | Victory Street , 9/1 | 1900 (burned in 1943, restored in 1945-49) | The building of the Kremenchug branch of the State Bank of the Russian Empire was built near the Assumption Cathedral (not preserved). As of 2017, a branch of Ukrsotsbank is located in the building. | ||
| House of the merchant Nemets | Street of 1905 , 23 | 1901 | The mansion of one of the famous Kremenchug industrialists in the Soviet period was transformed into a children's night sanatorium. Nowadays, a skin and venereologic dispensary is located in the building. | ||
| House of merchant Alisov | Street Ivan Prikhodko , 42 | 1901 or earlier | After the war, during which medical facilities were destroyed, the city hospital was temporarily located in the house. | ||
| House of merchant Churkin | 43 Ivan Prikhodko Street (Kryukov) | 1902 | The mansion of the merchant and philanthropist Churkin, who never lived in it. As of 2017, the building is not in use and is being destroyed. | ||
| Railway Technical School | Street Leonova , 14 | 1903 | Former school of the Kharkov-Nikolaev railway . During the war years, the building housed an evacuation hospital . Now the building is a railway college. | ||
| Cathedral of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker | Street September 29 , 16/32 | 1910 | Former Catholic Church built in the Gothic style . After 1991, Orthodox domes were built on, now the building belongs to the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kiev Patriarchate . | ||
| The shelter of the merchant Churkin for boys | Chkalova street , 4 | 1910 | The former shelter, built on the money of the merchant and philanthropist Churkin, is now used by the Kremenchug Vocational School No. 26. | ||
| The building of the Kremenchug welfare society | Victory Street , 34 | 1910 (burned in 1943, rebuilt in the 1950s) | The building, built by a charity, after the Revolution, was used by a Jewish educational institution. As of 2017, the printing house is located in the building. | ||
| Barracks of the 35th Bryansk Infantry Regiment | Street Bogaevsky , 4 | 1910 - 1911 | The building of the barracks of the 35th Bryansk Infantry Regiment , stationed in Kremenchug. Now belongs to the military unit. As of 2016, it is not used and is being destroyed. | ||
| House of Police Chief A. Kazachka | Street Igor Serdyuk , 10/25 | beginning of XX century | The former mansion is also called the house of the landowner Tarashchenko. Nowadays, the city health department is located in the building. | ||
| Confectioner Silaev’s house | Ivan Prikhodko Street , 8/18 | beginning of XX century (destroyed in 1943, restored in 1952) | The building housed a coffee shop and a pastry shop, then a mutual credit society. After the revolution, the building was transferred to the city police, it also housed a gym and dance floor. Nowadays, private organizations are located in the building. | ||
| Water tower | The territory of the Kremenchug railway station | beginning of the twentieth century | In 1870, a local water supply system for the Kremenchug railway station was built in the city with a water intake from the Dnieper . Water was purified by sand filters and accumulated in a tower on the forecourt. The tower was destroyed in 1943, restored. | ||
| Kremenchug branch of the Poltava regional representative office of the Southern Railway | Soborna Street , 33/1 | beginning of XX century (restored in 1961) | In 2016, Soviet symbols were dismantled from the building. | ||
| Kremenchug People's Primary School | Chkalova street , 3-A | 1913 | The former building of the public school, now the children's music school named after P.I. Tchaikovsky . | ||
| Residential building of the manager of the main workshops of the Kharkov-Nikolaev railway | Street Ivan Prikhodko , 137 (139) | until 1917 | The building houses the Museum of the History of the Kryukovsky Car Building Plant . | ||
| Reception room of the Kharkov-Nikolaev railway (station Kryukov-on-Dnieper) | Street Ivan Prikhodko , 83 | until 1917 | The building houses the House of Young Technicians. | ||
| Kotlov Club | Street Ivan Prikhodko , 100 | 1927 (destroyed in 1943, rebuilt in the 1950s) | The building in the style of Ukrainian Art Nouveau was built as a club of car builders. Named after the revolutionary Ivan Kotlov . Used as a palace of culture. | ||
| Residential building (unofficial name - “125-apartment building”) | Cathedral Street , 32/29 | 1930s (destroyed in 1943, restored to 1949-56) | Residential building with 125 apartments, built in the style of Stalin's Empire style . One of the first high-rise buildings in the city. Destroyed by German troops, restored. | ||
| Secondary school number 13 | Troitskaya street , 37/19 | 1935 | Tkachenko Ilya Ivanovich ( Hero of the Soviet Union ) and Emelianenko Konstantin Viktorovich studied at the school. After the school year 2010-2011, the school was closed by a decision of the city council. In 2015, next to the architectural monument, construction of a multi-storey building began [7] . | ||
| The building of the main entrance of the Krukovka Carriage Works | Street Ivan Prikhodko , 139 | 1938 | The building is used by the Krukovka Car Building Plant . | ||
| Waiting house for visitors | Street Ivan Prikhodko , 139 | 1949 | The building is used by the personnel department of the Krukovka Car-Building Plant . | ||
| Fire Department | Liberty Avenue , 12 | 1950 | The building belongs to the fire department. | ||
| House | Sofievskaya street , 38/19 | 1950 | |||
| Palace of Culture "KrAZ" | Liberty Avenue , 56 | 1952 | The building of the KrAZ culture palaces was built in the style of the Stalin Empire style , according to a standard design. Today it belongs to the Kremenchug meat processing plant ( Ukrainian. Kremenchutsky meat-packing plant ). | ||
| Sports Association "Carriage builder" | Street Ivan Prikhodko , 102 | 1952 | In 2016, Soviet symbols were dismantled from the building. | ||
| Water tower | Microdistrict No. 57, Liberty Avenue, 21-A | 1953 | Built after World War II, the tower has been privately owned since 1991. | ||
| House | Cathedral Street , 5/9 | 1953 | |||
| Office of the Krukovka Carriage Works | Street Ivan Prikhodko , 139 | 1957 | The building houses the management of the Kryukovsky Car Building Plant . | ||
| Medical dispensary car factory | Pavel Chubinsky Street, 12 | 1958 | In the former dispensary of the Kryukovsky Car-Building Plant , a neuropsychiatric dispensary is now located. | ||
| House | Cathedral Street , 9/16 | ||||
| House | Cathedral Street , 24/14 |
Objects Excluded from the List of Architectural Monuments
The table below shows the objects excluded from the list of architectural monuments (including lost ones).
| p / p | Title | Address | Build Date | The photo | Short description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Station "Kryukov-on-Dnieper" | Street Ivan Prikhodko , 87 | 1875 (burned down in 2002) | The oldest station of the Southern Railway burned down in 2002. | ||
| Alexander real school | Kotsyubinsky Street , 12 | 1878 (destroyed in 1943, restored in 1961) | The first secondary school in Kremenchug. Named after Emperor Emperor Alexander III . Now the building belongs to the Kremenchug Flight College . Refers to historical monuments. | ||
| Secondary school number 24 | Prospect Poltava, 15 | 1889 | Vovk Alexander Alexandrovich, a warrior-internationalist , studied at the school. | ||
| School building | Chkalova street , 2 | 1914 | |||
| Secondary school number 9 | Street Ivan Prikhodko , 38 | 1936 | Opened in 1936, a school with the Ukrainian language of teaching mainly taught the children of employees of the Kryukovsky Carriage Works . During the war, the building housed a hospital. In 1943, the school is being restored, classes are resuming. | ||
| Secondary school number 14 | Gagarina street , 4 | 1938 (destroyed in 1941-1943, restored in 1948) | After the school year 2012–2013, classes at the school were discontinued. During the reconstruction of the building under the center of public services, the remains of the Old Believer church were found [8] . As of 2015, the building was empty [7] . | ||
| Secondary school number 29 | Republican Street , 76 | 1939 | Lyudmila Vasilievna Korablena studied at the school, which was part of an underground group during the occupation of Kryukov (1941-1943). Shot by fascists with his family. In 1985, a memorial plaque dedicated to Korablin was installed at the school [9] . | ||
| Residential complex | Street of Ivan Prikhodko , 99, 103, 105, 107, 109 Street of Aleksandrovskaya | 1946 - 1949 |
| ||
| The ensemble of residential buildings | Liberty Avenue , 60/1, 62, 78 | 1952 - 53 | | ||
| House | Mayakovsky Street 3 | 1953 | The building houses the Kremenchug evening school number 3. | ||
| The ensemble of residential buildings | Ivan Prikhodko Street , 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31 | 1950 - 1954 | | ||
| Secondary school number 27 | Liberty Avenue , 104 | 1954 | |||
| Dormitory of the College of Railway Transport | Street Pervomaiskaya , 20 | 1955 | In the former dormitory building, a branch of Privatbank is now located. | ||
| Residential complex | Ivan Prikhodko Street , 26, 28, 30, 32, 34/5, 35, 36 Lane Topoleviy , Z | 1954 - 1957 | |||
| Secondary school number 23 | Alexandrovskaya Street , 18 | 1956 | Until 1965, the only boarding school in the city was located in the building, then - a comprehensive school. The director of the boarding school was Korotich, Sergey Tarasovich , holder of the Order of Lenin [10] . | ||
| House | Liberty Avenue , 92/17 | 1958 | |||
| House of Commerce | Cathedral Street , 16/9 | 1961 | The last building of Kremenchug, built in the style of Stalinist architecture . Later buildings were built in a simplified style. The trading house was built on the site of the City Council destroyed by the Germans. In 2016, Soviet symbols were dismantled from the building. |
Notes
- ↑ Kremenchug: history, sights, enterprises, schools - Site of Kremenchug . kremenchug.pl.ua. Date of appeal April 21, 2017.
- ↑ Change of memory of the city’s significance and objects of cultural recession of the metro Kremenchuk –– powered by: Kremenchutsk miska rada (Ukrainian) , Access to the truth . Date of appeal April 17, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 PERELIK OB'KKTIV CULTURAL SACRIFICE OF MIST KRAENCHUK .
- ↑ The city government wants to exclude some houses in Kremenchug from the list of cultural heritage (Russian) , All news of Kremenchug on the Telegraph website . Date of appeal April 24, 2017.
- ↑ Hotel Victoria in Kremenchug - photo 481 . okrain.net.ua. Date of treatment April 23, 2017.
- ↑ Mansion of General Gutovsky in Kremenchug . okrain.net.ua. Date of treatment April 23, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 That's why the city hall of Kremenchug closed the 13th school! (rus.) , All Kremenchug news on the Telegraf website . Date of appeal April 21, 2017.
- ↑ Near the former 14th school in Kremenchug, an old church was excavated . okrain.net.ua. Date of appeal April 21, 2017.
- ↑ Memorial plaque to Luda Korablina - photo 1131 . okrain.net.ua. Date of appeal April 21, 2017.
- ↑ Secondary school No. 23 . school23.pl.ua. Date of appeal April 21, 2017.