Tisha Yovli is an ancient tower city-settlement in Ingushetia [2] [3] . Located in the Dzheyrakh district of Ingushetia . The now abandoned village administratively belongs to Yovli and together with it enters the rural settlement of Guli [4] , however, geographically, in various sources, it stands out as a separate village [5] [6] [7] . Representatives of the largest Ingush clan ( teip ) Yovla (including his patronymics ), who, according to well-known Caucasian researchers ( Krupnov E.I. [8] , Semenov L.P. [9] , etc.), were the owners of the land, originate from Tisha Yovli. and tower castle buildings of the villages of Yovli, Tisha Yovli , Niy , Niykoate , Pyaling , Musievo and Akhki-Yurt .
| Village | |
| Tisha Yovli | |
|---|---|
| Tisha Yovli | |
| A country |  Russia |
| Subject of the federation | Ingushetia |
| Municipal District | Dzheyrakhsky |
| Rural settlement | Ghouls |
| History and Geography | |
| First mention | XIII century (Tradition about Dovtbiy Khuchbar - the son of Dovt from Yovli) |
| Center height | 1450 m |
| Timezone | UTC + 3 |
| Population | |
| Population | 0 [1] people ( 2010 ) |
| Official language | Ingush , Russian |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Postcode | 386433 |
| OKATO Code | 26205805023 |
On the territory of the city-settlement there is an architectural complex “Tisha Yovli”, represented by many historical objects: one battle tower ( vӏov ) and eight residential towers ( glala ), as well as 11 crypt burial grounds [10] . Currently, these objects of Ingush architecture in need of restoration, and the entire territory of the settlement are included in the Dzheyrakh-Assinsky State Historical, Architectural and Natural Museum-Reserve and are under state protection.
Geography
Located east of the district center of Dzheyrah , near the banks of the Assa River. The nearest settlements: in the west - Hamhi , Egikhal , Ozdik ; northwest - Targim , Ismail-Kov ; in the north - Barakh ; in the northeast - Pyaling , Niy ; in the south - Yovli , Pui .
History
Tisha Yovli was one of the famous medieval centers of jewelry, along with Egikal , Zori and Erzi , where master jewelers made dozens of types and numerous varieties of only metal earrings and pendants, distinguished by their elegance and complexity of work (blackening, gilding, gilding, initialization and etc.). Sickle-shaped eight-blade silver pendants close to the typologically temporal rings of the Vyatichi were widespread. They served for wide exchange trade [11] .
On the north side, a high barrier wall with wide arched lockable gates adjoined Tisha Yovli, which was constantly on duty by a well-armed numerous local guard, who controlled the vital Ingush Road trade and transport highway. A certain fee was charged for cattle, cattle, weapons, fabrics, metals, etc.) [10] .
On June 14 , 15, 1830, Tisha Yovli and Yovli were blown up by General Abkhazov , for the refusal of the inhabitants of these villages to send foremen for the oath and to extradite the amanats. Crypts are also badly damaged. In his report, the governor of the Caucasus Paskevich , Minister of War Chernyshev about the expedition of Major General Abkhazov against the Ingush on August 31, 1830 under the number 565 reported:
“On the night of the 14th to the 15th the left column arrived at the camp after a very difficult passage along the ledge of the rocks enclosing the river. Assu. During the two-day stay of the combined detachment on the river. Asse, were sworn to loyalty to the village of Galgai, of which two are Upper and Lower Yauly, located on the opposite bank of the river. Asses, who refused to send foremen for the oath and give out the amanats, were burned by the cavalry crossing over a rather deep and fast river. Assu. Prince Abkhazov, having elected elders in each Galgaev village, entrusted them with the obligation to transmit the orders of the government to the people and bring to the attention of the authorities the needs and petitions of the villagers and began on July 17 the return trip to the river. Terek ” [12] .
Notes
- ↑ All-Russian censuses of 2002 and 2010
- ↑ Chakhkiev D.Yu., 2003 , p. 132-133.
- ↑ Umalat Gadiev. The edge of towers and legends - Mountain Ingushetia (Russian) // "Discours".
- ↑ Law of the Republic of Ingushetia dated February 23, 2009 No. 5-РЗ “On Establishing the Borders of Municipalities of the Republic of Ingushetia and Giving them the Status of a Rural Settlement, Municipal District and Urban District”
- ↑ Editorial board of the newspaper "Ingushetia". Story. Acquaintance with tower complexes of the Dzheyrakhsky district of Ingushetia (Russian) // Ingushetia newspaper. - 2014. - May 31 ( No. 81-82 ). - S. 8 .
- ↑ Official site of the IOOO YOVLOY. Tisha Yovli . evloyev.rf. Date of appeal April 16, 2017.
- ↑ Kurkiev R.S., 2014 , p. 3.
- ↑ Krupnov E.I., 1971 , p. 49.
- ↑ Semenov L.P., 1963 , p. 139.
- ↑ 1 2 Kurkiev R.S., 2014 , p. five.
- ↑ Encyclopedia "Peoples of Russia", 1994 , p. 161-164.
- ↑ "Acts of the Caucasian Archaeological Commission on Ingushetia and Ingush", 1995 .
Literature
- Acts of the Caucasian Archaeological Commission on Ingushetia and Ingush. - Nazran, 1995.
- Krupnov E.I. Medieval Ingushetia. - M. , 1971.
- Kurkiev R.S. About the ancient Evloev family. - Nazran, 2014.
- "The peoples of Russia." Encyclopedia. - M. , 1994.
- Semenov L.P. Archaeological and ethnographic searches in Ingushetia in 1925–1932 - Grozny, 1963 .-- S. 139.
- Chakhkiev D.Yu. Antiquities of Mountain Ingushetia. - Nazran, 2003 .-- T. 1.
Links
- Umalat Gadiev. The edge of towers and legends - Mountain Ingushetia (Russian) // "Discours".
- OKATO codes - Dzheyrakhsky district, Republic of Ingushetia